rcc renal cell carcinoma

RCC (Renal Cell Carcinoma) shine nau'in ciwon daji na koda da aka fi sani a cikin manya. Wannan labarin ya bincika cutar, yana rufe nau'ikansa, alamominsa, ganewar asali, zaɓuɓɓukan magani, da tsinkaye. Menene Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar Ƙwaƙwalwa?Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon Renal (RCC), ko ciwon daji na koda, ya samo asali ne daga cikin rufin tubule mai murƙushewa, ɓangaren ƙananan bututun da ke cikin koda wanda ke tace jini da kuma cire kayan datti. Fahimtar nau'ikan nau'ikan da matakan daban-daban na RCC yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen magani. Nau'o'in Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaYawancin subtypes na RCC akwai, kowanne yana da halaye daban-daban da hanyoyin magani. Mafi yawan nau'ikan sun haɗa da:Clear Cell Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaMafi girman nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) wanda ya kai kusan 70% na RCC lokuta. Ana siffanta shi da sel waɗanda ke bayyana a sarari ko kodadde a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa saboda babban abun ciki na lipid. Source: American Cancer SocietyPapillary Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaNau'i na biyu mafi na kowa, wanda ya ƙunshi kusan 10-15% na lokuta. Papillary RCC ana siffanta shi da tsinkaya kamar yatsa da ake kira papillae. Yawancin lokaci ana danganta shi da wasu yanayi na kwayoyin halitta. There are two main subtypes: Type 1 and Type 2, with Type 2 generally being more aggressive. Chromophobe Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaWannan ƙananan nau'in yana wakiltar kusan 5% na RCC lokuta. Chromophobe RCC yawanci yana da kyakkyawan hasashen idan aka kwatanta da tantanin halitta RCC. Kwayoyin sun fi girma kuma sun fi haske fiye da tantanin halitta RCC Kwayoyin.Tari Duct Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaWani nau'in da ba kasafai ba kuma mai tsananin ƙarfi, wanda ke lissafin ƙasa da 1% na lokuta. Bututun tattarawa RCC yana tasowa a cikin hanyoyin tattara koda, wanda ke jigilar fitsari zuwa mafitsara. Ana gano shi sau da yawa a mataki na gaba kuma yana iya zama da wuya a magance.Medullary Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaWani nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) nau'i-nau'. Medullary RCC yawanci ana danganta shi da mummunan sakamako.Alamomin Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaMatakan farko na RCC maiyuwa bazai gabatar da alamun bayyanar ba. Duk da haka, yayin da ƙari ke girma, alamun suna iya haɗawa da: Jini a cikin fitsari (hematuria) Ciwo na gaba a gefe ko baya Kullun ko taro a gefe ko baya Rashin nauyi wanda ba a bayyana shi ba Rassar cin abinci Gajiya zazzabi wanda ba ya haifar da Anemia (ƙananan ƙwayar jinin jini) Idan kun fuskanci daya daga cikin waɗannan alamomin, yana da mahimmanci don tuntubar likita don sanin yadda ya kamata. Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaBincike RCC yawanci ya ƙunshi haɗaɗɗen gwajin jiki, gwajin hoto, da biopsy. Gwaje-gwajen Hoto Dabarun hoto suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ganowa da tsarawa. RCC. Gwaje-gwajen hoto gama gari sun haɗa da: Kwamfuta Tomography (CT) scan: Yana ba da cikakkun hotunan ƙetaren ƙoda da ƙwayoyin da ke kewaye. Hoto Resonance Magnetic (MRI): Yana ba da kyakkyawan bambancin nama mai laushi kuma yana da amfani musamman don ƙididdige girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da gano yaduwa zuwa sassa na kusa. Ultrasound: Zai iya taimakawa bambance tsakanin m talakawa da kuma ruwa-cike cysts a cikin koda. Arteriography na Renal (Angiography): Binciken X-ray na jijiyoyi na koda bayan an yi allurar rini. Ana amfani da shi ƙasa da sau da yawa fiye da CT ko MRI. BiopsyA biopsy ya ƙunshi cire ƙaramin samfurin nama na koda don dubawa a ƙarƙashin na'urar gani. A biopsy wajibi ne don tabbatar da ganewar asali RCC kuma ƙayyade subtype. Ana gudanar da nazarin halittu masu jagorancin hoto ta amfani da CT ko duban dan tayi don tabbatar da ingantacciyar manufa na wurin da ake tuhuma. Matakan Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaMatakin na RCC yana nufin girman ciwon daji da kuma ko ya yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Tsari yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade tsarin kulawa da ya dace da kuma tsinkayar tsinkaya. Ana amfani da tsarin tsarawa na TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis): T (Tura): Yana bayyana girma da girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta farko. N (Node): Yana nuna ko ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa nodes na lymph na kusa. M (Metastasis): Yana nuna ko ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa wurare masu nisa, irin su huhu, kasusuwa, ko kwakwalwa. Matakan sun bambanta daga I zuwa IV, tare da mataki na farko da mataki na IV shine mafi ci gaba. Zaɓuɓɓukan Magani don Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaMagani ga RCC ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da matakin ciwon daji, gabaɗayan lafiyar majiyyaci, da abubuwan da ake so. Zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya na gama gari sun haɗa da: TiyataCutar ƙwayar cuta sau da yawa shine jiyya ta farko don gano wuri RCC (Mataki na I-III). Zaɓuɓɓukan tiyata sun haɗa da: Partanal Nephrectomy: Cire ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta kawai da ƙaramin gefen lafiyayyen nama. An fi son wannan hanya idan zai yiwu don adana aikin koda. Radical Nephrectomy: Cire dukkan koda, tare da nama da ke kewaye, kamar glandar adrenal da nodes na lymph. Ana yin wannan yawanci don manyan ciwace-ciwacen ciwace ko kuma lokacin da wani ɓangaren nephrectomy ba zai yuwu ba.Targeted TherapyTargeted therapy Magunguna ne waɗanda ke keɓance ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke da hannu wajen haɓakar ƙwayar cutar kansa da rayuwa. Waɗannan magungunan na iya yin tasiri wajen magance ci gaba RCC (Mataki na IV) kuma ana iya amfani dashi a matakan farko a wasu yanayi. Misalai sun haɗa da: Masu hana VEGF: Sunitinib (Sutent), Sorafenib (Nexavar), Pazopanib (Votrient), Axitinib (Inlyta), Bevacizumab (Avastin) Masu hana mTOR: Temsirolimus (Torisel), Everolimus (Afinitor)ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy Magunguna na taimaka wa tsarin garkuwar jiki ya gane da kuma kai hari ga kwayoyin cutar kansa. Immunotherapy ya nuna babban alƙawari a cikin kula da ci gaba RCC. Misalai sun haɗa da: Masu hana PD-1: Nivolumab (Opdivo), Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Masu hana CTLA-4: Ipilimumab (Yervoy) Haɗin Immunotherapy: Nivolumab da Ipilimumab Wasu Jiyya na iya amfani da wasu jiyya a wasu yanayi, kamar: Maganin Radiation: Yin amfani da haskoki masu ƙarfi don kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Ba a saba amfani da shi ba RCC, amma ana iya amfani da shi don magance ƙasusuwan kashi ko don rage zafi. Magungunan Ablation: Dabaru kamar ablation na mitar rediyo (RFA) ko cryoablation suna amfani da zafi ko sanyi don lalata ƙwayar cuta. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan don ƙananan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ba ƙwararrun 'yan takara don tiyata ba. Sa ido mai aiki: Ga ƙananan ƙananan ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwacen daji, sa ido mai aiki (kusa da kulawa) na iya zama zaɓi maimakon magani na gaggawa. Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar ƘwaƙwalwaHasashen na RCC ya bambanta dangane da abubuwa da yawa, gami da matakin ciwon daji, nau'in nau'in nau'in cuta, da lafiyar majiyyaci gabaɗaya. Ganowa da wuri da magani suna da mahimmanci don inganta sakamako. A cewar hukumar Shirin SEER na Cibiyar Cancer na Ƙasa, ƙimar tsira na shekaru 5 don gida RCC (ciwon daji wanda bai yadu a wajen koda) yana da yawa. Koyaya, adadin tsira yana raguwa sosai don matakan ci gaba na cutar. Matsayin Rayuwar Dangi na Shekaru 5 don Matsayin Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayoyin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa 93% Yanki 71% Mai Nisa 15% Duk Matakan SEER Haɗe 76% Waɗannan lambobin sun dogara ne akan mutanen da aka gano tare da su. RCC shekaru da yawa da suka wuce, don haka ƙimar rayuwa na iya zama mafi girma a yanzu saboda ci gaba a cikin jiyya. Don ƙwararrun basira da zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya na ci gaba don Ciwon Ciwon Ƙwayoyin Ƙwayar Ƙwaƙwalwa, bincika ayyukan bincike a Shandong Baofa Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon daji, sadaukar don ci gaba da kula da ciwon daji.