lapaau renal cell carcinoma pathology outlines Halemai

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ke ʻimi nei kēia alakaʻi piha i nā papa kuhikuhi pathology o RCC, e wehewehe ana i nā hiʻohiʻona diagnostic koʻikoʻi, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, a me nā koho lapaʻau i loaʻa i nā halemai alakaʻi.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi: he hōʻike hōʻike kino

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi renal (lapaau renal cell carcinoma pathology outlines Halemai) 'o ia ke 'ano ma'amau o ka ma'i 'a'ai ma'amau, mai loko mai o nā pūnaewele epithelial o nā tubules renal. He mea koʻikoʻi ka maʻi pathological pololei no ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā hoʻoholo lapaʻau a me ka wānana ʻana i ka wānana. Hōʻike ka nānā ʻana i ka mōʻaukala i nā ʻano cell like ʻole, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka huhū a me ka pane lapaʻau. ʻO nā subtypes mua e pili ana i ka cell clear cell RCC (ccRCC), papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike kēlā me kēia subtype i nā hiʻohiʻona microscopic kūʻokoʻa, e pili ana i ka prognosis a me nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau.

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (ccRCC)

ʻO ka helu ccRCC no ka hapa nui o nā hihia RCC. ʻO ka pathologically, ua hōʻike ʻia e ka cytoplasm maʻemaʻe i loko o nā ʻōpū ma muli o ka nui o ka glycogen a me ka lipid content. Hōʻike pinepine kēia mau pūnaewele i kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka ulu ʻana, e hana ana i nā pūnana a i ʻole tubules. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hele ʻana o nā hoʻololi genetic kikoʻī, e like me ka VHL gene mutations.

Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Papillary RCC e kona ʻano ulu papillary, me nā ʻāpana e hana ana i nā lau palupalu a i ʻole papillae. ʻAʻole like me ccRCC, ʻaʻole maopopo ka cytoplasm. ʻElua mau ʻano subtype: ʻano 1 a me ke ʻano 2, me ke ʻano 2 e pili ana me kahi wānana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

ʻAʻole maʻamau ka Chromophobe RCC a hōʻike ʻia e nā sela me ka ʻeleʻele, eosinophilic cytoplasm a me nā hiʻohiʻona nuklea haʻahaʻa. He ʻano ʻokoʻa kona ulu ʻana, e hana ana i nā pūnana a i ʻole nā ​​lau.

Nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe

Aia kekahi mau ʻano subtypes ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻohi ʻana i ka duct carcinoma, medullary RCC, a me ka RCC unclassified. Pono pinepine kēia mau subtypes i ka ʻike loea no ka maʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau.

ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho a me ka Prognostic Factors ma RCC

ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka pathological, e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana TNM (ka nui o ka tumor, ke komo ʻana o ka nodal, a me ka metastasis mamao), he mea nui ia e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ka maʻi. ʻO kēia ʻike, me ka ʻano kikoʻī kikoʻī o RCC a me nā mea prognostic ʻē aʻe e like me ka pae (pehea ka ʻike ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ma lalo o kahi microscope), hoʻololi i nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kahua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO nā koho lapaʻau e pili ana i nā kumu like ʻole, me ka pae, ka pae, a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi. Loaʻa nā koho mai ka ʻoki (partial nephrectomy a i ʻole radical nephrectomy), ka lāʻau lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia, immunotherapy, a me ka radiation therapy.

ʻOki ʻokiʻoki

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻo ia ka lāʻau mua no RCC kūloko. Mālama ʻo partial nephrectomy i ka ʻiʻo maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻoiai ʻo radical nephrectomy e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa holoʻokoʻa a me nā ʻōpū lymph a puni. Aia ke koho ma luna o kekahi mau kumu, e like me ka nui a me ka wahi o ka ma'i koko, a me ka hana holo'oko'a o ka ma'i.

ʻO ka Lapaʻau Kūlohelohe

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e like me nā tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), e kuhikuhi pono i nā protein abnormal e alakaʻi ana i ka ulu ʻana o RCC. Ua hoʻololi kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mālama RCC holomua, e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā helu ola. ʻO nā laʻana he sunitinib, sorafenib, a me pazopanib.

Immunotherapy

Hoʻohana ka Immunotherapy i ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻana o ke kino e hakakā i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻopaneʻe hōʻoia, e like me ka nivolumab a me ka ipilimumab, he mau lapaʻau kūpono no RCC kiʻekiʻe. Ke hana nei kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kaʻa ma ka ʻōnaehana pale, e ʻae iā ia e ʻike maikaʻi a hoʻouka i nā maʻi kanesa.

Lapaʻau Radiation

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau kūlana, e like me ka mālama palliative no ka maʻi holomua a i ʻole i hui pū ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Ke koho ʻana i ka Halemaʻi kūpono no ka Lapaʻau RCC

Ke koho ʻana i kahi haukapila kūpono no lapaau renal cell carcinoma pathology outlines Halemai koʻikoʻi. E ʻimi i nā ʻoihana me nā hui multidisciplinary ʻike e pili ana i nā urologists, oncologists, pathologists, a me radiologists loea i nā maʻi maʻi genitourinary. ʻO ka Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) he laʻana o kahi haukapila i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mālama maʻi maʻi āpau, me nā poʻe loea i ʻike i ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi renal. E noʻonoʻo i nā mea e like me nā hiki ʻenehana, ke komo ʻana i ka noiʻi, a me nā lawelawe kākoʻo maʻi i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai.

Ka hopena

Pōmaikaʻi lapaau renal cell carcinoma pathology outlines Halemai pono i kahi hōʻailona pololei, hoʻonohonoho pololei, a me kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau kūpono. Ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona pathological o RCC, kona mau ʻano subtypes, a me nā koho lapaʻau i loaʻa, hiki i nā mea maʻi ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻike me ka hui pū me kā lākou hui mālama ola. He mea nui ka koho halemai kūpono no ka hopena maikaʻi loa.