mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum

Mob raum Cancer: Nkag siab Hom, Cov tsos mob, Kev kuaj mob, thiab kev xaiv kev kho mob Nkag siab txog qhov nyuaj ntawm lub raum mob qog noj ntshav yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas dav dav ntawm nws ntau hom, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab cov kev xaiv kho mob. Phau ntawv qhia no yog npaj los muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej thiab qhia rau cov neeg nrhiav kev paub txog tus kab mob no.

Hom mob raum

Lub raum mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob hu ua rau lub raum cell carcinoma (RCC), suav nrog ntau yam subtypes, txhua tus muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev kwv yees. Feem ntau hom yog ntshiab cell RCC, suav txog kwv yees li 70-80% ntawm tag nrho cov mob. Lwm yam subtypes tseem ceeb suav nrog papillary RCC thiab chromophobe RCC. Nkag siab txog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. Lub koom haum Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ([https://www.baofahospital.com/](https://www.baofahospital.com/ Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute)) yog lub chaw ua haujlwm rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kho ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv cov kev txawj ntse nthuav dav thoob plaws ntau hom subtypes, ua kom cov neeg mob tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo.

Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC)

Qhov no yog hom mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv caj ces. Nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom iav yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov cytoplasm ntshiab hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (pRCC)

Papillary RCC yog qhov txawv ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm papillary, uas zoo li me me, zoo li ntiv tes projections. Nws tau raug cais ntxiv rau hauv hom 1 thiab hom 2, txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua phem.

Chromophobe raum Cell Carcinoma (chRCC)

Chromophobe RCC yog ib hom subtypes uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlwb uas tshwm sim xim xim nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom. Nws feem ntau muaj kev pom zoo dua piv rau cov cell RCC ntshiab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm raum mob cancer

Thaum ntxov mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum feem ntau tshwm sim nrog ob peb lossis tsis pom cov tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub qog loj hlob tuaj, ntau cov cim qhia yuav tshwm sim. Cov no tuaj yeem muaj xws li: Ntshav hauv cov zis (hematuria) Ib pob lossis loj nyob rau sab lossis lub plab Mob Tsis tu ncua nyob rau sab lossis nraub qaum Unexplained yuag poob Fatigue Fever Anemia

Kev kuaj mob raum mob cancer

Kev kuaj mob mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev kuaj duab thiab biopsies. Cov kev kuaj mob feem ntau muaj xws li: Ultrasound: Cov txheej txheem tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam uas siv lub suab nthwv dej los tsim cov duab ntawm lub raum. CT Scan: Kev kuaj xyuas kom ntxaws ntxiv siv X-rays los tsim cov duab ntu ntawm lub cev. MRI: Cov txheej txheem kev yees duab muaj zog siv cov hlau nplaum thiab xov tooj cua los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm ob lub raum. Biopsy: Ib txoj hauv kev uas cov qauv me me raug tshem tawm thiab kuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab ntsuas kom paub tseeb tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav.

Staging raum Cancer

Thaum kuaj pom tias mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum tau lees paub, kev ua haujlwm yog ua los txiav txim seb qhov kis ntawm tus kabmob kheesxaws. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev coj kev txiav txim siab kho mob. TNM staging system feem ntau yog siv, xav txog qhov loj me (T), lymph node kev koom tes (N), thiab nyob deb metastasis (M).

Txoj Kev Kho Mob Raum Cancer

Kev kho mob xaiv rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum Nws txawv nyob ntawm theem, hom, thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob. Cov kev qhia muaj xws li: Kev phais: Kev phais tshem tawm ntawm lub raum (nephrectomy) yog ib qho kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum. Ib nrab nephrectomy, uas tsuas yog tshem tawm qhov mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub raum, tej zaum yuav yog ib qho kev xaiv hauv qee kis. Targeted Therapy: Cov tshuaj no tsom rau cov proteins tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm qog nqaij hlav, cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm qog nqaij hlav. Piv txwv xws li sunitinib, sorafenib, thiab pazopanib. Immunotherapy: Txoj kev kho no siv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors, xws li nivolumab thiab ipilimumab, feem ntau yog siv. Radiation Therapy: Kev kho hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog lwm cov kev kho mob. Tshuaj Kho Mob: Txawm tias tsis tshua siv los ua kev kho mob rau lub raum mob cancer, chemotherapy tej zaum yuav yog ib qho kev xaiv hauv qee qhov xwm txheej.

Hom Kev Kho Mob	Kev piav qhia	Qhov zoo	Qhov tsis zoo
Kev phais	Tshem tawm ntawm lub raum los yog cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.	Siv tau rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv zos.	Tej zaum yuav muaj kev phiv xws li mob thiab kis kab mob.
Hom Kev Kho Mob	Cov tshuaj tsom rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tshwj xeeb.	Yuav txo cov qog, txhim kho txoj sia.	Yuav muaj kev phiv xws li qaug zog thiab ntshav siab.
Immunotherapy	Stimulates lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav.	Muaj peev xwm ua rau kev zam mus ntev.	Yuav muaj kev phiv xws li qaug zog thiab ua pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Nyob nrog rau mob qog noj ntshav

Nyob nrog mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub raum nthuav tawm cov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb, ob qho tib si lub cev thiab kev xav. Cov pab pawg txhawb nqa, kev sab laj, thiab kev sib txuas lus tsis tu ncua nrog cov kws kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev taug kev no kom zoo. Lub koom haum Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute muaj kev pab txhawb nqa rau cov neeg mob thiab lawv tsev neeg.Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los rau kev kawm nkaus xwb thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob suav hais tias yog cov lus qhia kho mob. Nco ntsoov sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tsim nyog rau txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv lossis ua ntej txiav txim siab txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev kho mob. Cov ntaub ntawv yog los ntawm National Cancer Institute thiab American Cancer Society. (Thov nco ntsoov: Cov kev txuas tshwj xeeb rau cov peev txheej no yuav muab ntxiv rau ntawm no hauv qhov kawg version.)