lub raum cell carcinoma pathology

Lub raum cell carcinoma pathology encompasses lub microscopic kuaj thiab tsom xam ntawm lub raum cov ntaub so ntswg los kuaj thiab faib raum mob cancer. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab hom, qib, thiab theem ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav, uas qhia txog kev txiav txim siab kho mob thiab kwv yees kwv yees. Nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv pathological yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob thiab cov kws kho mob. Phau ntawv qhia no muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog lub raum cell carcinoma pathology, suav nrog ntau hom subtypes, grading systems, staging, thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm immunohistochemistry.Kev nkag siab rau lub raum Cell Carcinoma (RCC)Lub raum cell carcinoma (RCC) yog hom mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov neeg laus, suav txog kwv yees li 90% ntawm tag nrho cov mob raum. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm ob sab ntawm lub proximal convoluted tubule, uas yog cov hlab me me hauv lub raum uas lim cov ntshav thiab tsim cov zis. Kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab kev faib tawm ntawm RCC yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev taw qhia cov tswv yim kho mob zoo thiab kwv yees cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob.Common Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma Muaj ob peb subtypes ntawm RCC muaj nyob, txhua tus muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces, thiab kev coj cwj pwm. Cov subtypes no tuaj yeem sib txawv raws li kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic thiab tau lees paub ntxiv los ntawm immunohistochemistry. Cov subtypes loj muaj xws li: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) Clear cell RCC yog cov feem ntau subtypes, suav txog kwv yees li 70-80% ntawm tag nrho cov mob RCC. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov hlwb nrog cov cytoplasm ntshiab lossis daj ntseg vim muaj glycogen siab thiab cov ntsiab lus lipid. Cov hlwb no feem ntau tsim cov zes lossis cov nplooj ntawv, thiab cov qog feem ntau yog vascularized heev.Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (pRCC) Papillary RCC yog hom thib ob uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws, ua txog li 10-15% ntawm RCC. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm papillary architecture, txhais tau hais tias cov qog hlwb loj hlob hauv cov ntiv tes zoo li qhov projections. Muaj ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm pRCC: Hom 1 thiab Hom 2. Hom 1 pRCC feem ntau muaj qhov pom zoo dua li Hom 2.Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (chRCC)Chromophobe RCC sawv cev kwv yees li 5% ntawm RCC cov mob. Cov hlwb ntawm chRCC muaj qhov daj ntseg eosinophilic cytoplasm thiab ib qho perinuclear halo. Cov nuclei feem ntau wrinkled los yog irregular.Collecting Duct Renal Cell Carcinoma (CDRCC) Sau cov duct RCC yog ib tug tsis tshua muaj thiab aggressive subtype uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub sau ducts ntawm lub raum. Nws suav rau tsawg dua 1% ntawm RCC cov ntaub ntawv. Cov qog hlwb tsim cov tubules tsis tu ncua thiab papillae, feem ntau muaj ib qho desmoplastic stroma.Medullary Renal Cell CarcinomaMedullary renal cell carcinoma yog lwm yam uas tsis tshua muaj thiab hnyav heev, feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis kab mob mob hlwb. Qhov no variant yog characterized los ntawm ib tug tsis zoo sib txawv carcinoma nrog ib tug tseem ceeb inflammatory infiltrate.Grading ntawm lub raum Cell Carcinoma: Lub Fuhrman Grading System thiab ISUP Grading SystemGrading ntawm RCC qhia qhov aggressiveness ntawm cov qog raws li cov tsos ntawm lub hlwb nyob rau hauv ib tug microscope. Fuhrman grading system yog ib txwm siv, tab sis International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading system yog tam sim no tau txais ntau dua. ISUP grading system txiav txim siab txog nucleolar prominence thiab nuclear irregularity. Cov qib siab dua qhia tias cov qog mob hnyav dua thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos mob tsis zoo. ISUP Qib Cov yam ntxwv Qib 1 Me me, cov nuclei tsis sib xws nrog cov nucleoli tsis pom lossis tsis pom. Qib 2 me ntsis loj nuclei nrog pom nucleoli. Qib 3 Loj, tsis xwm yeem nuclei nrog cov nucleoli tseem ceeb. Qib 4 Siab tsis xwm yeem, pleomorphic nuclei nrog cov duab txawv txawv lossis sib txawv sarcomatoid. Staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Lub TNM SystemStaging ntawm RCC piav qhia txog qhov mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog qhov loj ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav (T), kev koom tes ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv cheeb tsam (N), thiab qhov muaj nyob deb ntawm metastasis (M). Lub TNM staging system yog qhov feem ntau siv rau staging RCC. Qhov tseeb staging yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab txog kev mob thiab kev xaiv kev kho mob.Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau T, N, thiab M pawg yog qhov nyuaj thiab nthuav dav, cuam tshuam nrog cov qog loj, cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv nyob ib puag ncig, thiab muaj cov kab mob metastasis rau cov qog nqaij hlav lossis cov kab mob nyob deb. Cov kws kho mob siv cov tshuaj microscopic tshawb pom thiab cov txiaj ntsig pom los ua kom tsim nyog TNM theem.Immunohistochemistry hauv Renal Cell Carcinoma PathologyImmunohistochemistry (IHC) yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub raum cell carcinoma pathology. Nws suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj cov protein tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv ntaub so ntswg. Cov txheej txheem no pab sib txawv ntawm RCC subtypes, lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob, thiab txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj kho mob. Cov cim IHC feem ntau siv hauv RCC suav nrog: PAX8: Ib qho cim uas feem ntau qhia hauv lub raum cell carcinomas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov cell thiab papillary subtypes. CAIX: Nquag nthuav tawm hauv cov cell cell carcinomas ntshiab. CK7: Pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv RCC subtypes, feem ntau zoo hauv papillary thiab chromophobe RCC. Vimentin: Feem ntau zoo hauv sarcomatoid RCC. CD117 (c-KIT): tuaj yeem pab tau rau kev kuaj mob chromophobe RCC.Pathology Report: Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kab mob yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas qhia txog qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm kev kuaj kab mob. Nws suav nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv qab no: cov ntaub ntawv tus neeg mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv kuaj mob. Cov lus piav qhia tag nrho ntawm cov qog. Microscopic piav qhia ntawm cov qog hlwb thiab architecture. RCC subtype kuaj mob. ISUP qib. TNM stage. Immunohistochemical staining tshwm sim. Margins xwm txheej (txawm hais tias cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav nyob ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshem tawm). Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute hauv Cancer ResearchOrganizations nyiam Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho peb txoj kev nkag siab thiab kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog lub raum cell carcinoma. Los ntawm kev ua cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim tshuaj, cov koom haum no pab txhawb kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej kuaj mob tshiab thiab kev kho mob, thaum kawg txhim kho cov neeg mob tau txais txiaj ntsig.ConclusionLub raum cell carcinoma pathology yog ib thaj chaw nyuaj uas muaj kev ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg raum. Kev nkag siab txog cov subtypes sib txawv, kev muab qhab nia, kev ua haujlwm, thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm immunohistochemistry yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob kom raug, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev npaj kho mob. Kev koom tes ntawm cov kws kho mob, kws kho mob oncologist, thiab lwm tus kws kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev muab kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg mob RCC.Tsis lees paub: Cov ntaub ntawv no yog rau kev paub dav dav thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm nkaus xwb, thiab tsis yog cov lus qhia kho mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog rau txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv lossis ua ntej txiav txim siab txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev kho mob.Cov ntaub ntawv: American Cancer Society National Kidney Foundation