ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji eduze kwami

Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ngesigaba: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza umbono ophelele we ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji, enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile lokuqonda izinketho zokwelapha nokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi. Sizohlola izigaba ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukwelashwa okuvamile esigabeni ngasinye, nezici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uzulazula kulolu hambo oluyinselele. Khumbula, ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo kubalulekile ukuze uthole isiqondiso somuntu siqu kanye nokuhlelwa kokwelashwa. Ukuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele eduze kwakho kubalulekile; lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza uqonde izinketho ezitholakala endaweni yangakini.

Ukuqonda Izigaba Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlelwa ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesimila, indawo, ukusabalala kuma-lymph nodes, kanye nokuba khona kwama-metastases akude. Isiteji esinembayo sibalulekile ekunqumeni okufanele kakhulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji. Isistimu yesiteji isebenzisa izinombolo zesi-Roman (I, II, III, IV) nezinye izigatshana (A no-B) ukuze kucwengisiswe ukuhlukaniswa. Isigaba I sibonisa umdlavuza wendawo, kuyilapho iSigaba IV simelela isifo se-metastatic. Ukuqonda isigaba sakho esithile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuhlela ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

Isigaba I Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu wesigaba sokuqala (Isigaba I), ukuhlinza kabusha (ukususwa kwesimila nezicubu ezizungezile) kuvame ukwelapha okuyinhloko. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lung lobe) noma i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa kwephaphu lonke), kuye ngendawo yesimila nosayizi. Kwezinye izimo, imishanguzo ye-adjuvant efana ne-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy ingase inconywe ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuphinda.

Isigaba II Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba II somdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokuvamile sibandakanya isimila esikhudlwana noma ukusabalala kuma-lymph nodes aseduze. Izinketho zokwelapha zivame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa ne-adjuvant chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Indlela yokwelapha ethize izofanelana nezici zesiguli ngasinye kanye nezici ezithile zesimila. Umgomo uwukukhipha umdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa bese usebenzisa i-adjuvant therapy ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuphinda uvele.

Isigaba III Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba sesi-III somdlavuza wamaphaphu sibandakanya izifo ezibanzi, okungenzeka ukuthi zisabalale kuma-lymph nodes esifubeni. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhlanganisa inhlanganisela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, ukwelapha ngemisebe, kanye nokuhlinzwa okungenzeka kuye, kuye ngezinga lesifo kanye nempilo yesiguli iyonke. I-chemotherapy ingase inikezwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neoadjuvant) ukuze kuncishiswe isimila noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-adjuvant) ukuze kuqedwe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zemisebe, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe ye-stereotactic body radiation (SBRT), nazo.

Isigaba IV Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba IV somdlavuza wamaphaphu sibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza usunemetastasized (sabalala) ezindaweni ezikude emzimbeni. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu, ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo, nokwelula ukusinda. Izinketho zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe (izidakamizwa eziqondise amangqamuzana omdlavuza), i-immunotherapy (ukusebenzisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza), nokunakekelwa okusekelayo. Izivivinyo zemitholampilo zingase futhi zinikeze ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okusha kanye nokwelapha. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute iyisikhungo esihamba phambili esizinikele ekuthuthukiseni ucwaningo nokuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okusezingeni eliphezulu kweziguli ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukuthola Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Eduze Kwawe

Ithola ikhwalithi ephezulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu eduze kwami kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe zihlanganisa ulwazi lwethimba lezokwelapha, ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezinketho zokwelapha, kanye nesithunzi sisonke sesikhungo. Izinsiza eziku-inthanethi, ukudluliselwa kodokotela, nobufakazi besiguli kungaba amathuluzi abalulekile ekuhlonzeni abahlinzeki bezempilo abafanelekile. Khumbula, ukusekelwa kwethimba lakho lezempilo kubalulekile kulo lonke uhambo lwakho lokwelashwa. Ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo futhi ufune ukucaciselwa nganoma iyiphi ingxenye yohlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Ukuqonda izigaba nezinketho zokwelashwa kukunika amandla okwenza izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu zempilo yakho.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile

Ukwelashwa kwe ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji iyinkimbinkimbi futhi yenziwe ngezifiso kakhulu. Ziningi izinto ezinomthelela ezinqumweni zokwelashwa, okuhlanganisa impilo yesiguli iyonke, isigaba kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanye nalokho umuntu akuthandayo. Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nodokotela wakho we-oncologist kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo lokwelapha luhambisana nezidingo zakho kanye nemigomo yakho. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuxoxisana ngemiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona kanye nokwenza amasu okuyilawula.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi ngelezinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi aluhlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze uxilongwe futhi ulashwe noma yisiphi isimo sezempilo.

¹I-National Cancer Institute: https://www.cancer.gov/