Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji

Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu nge-StageLung izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza ziyehluka kakhulu kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono obanzi wezindlela zokwelashwa ezihlukene zesigaba ngasinye, igcizelela ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa komuntu siqu kanye nentuthuko yakamuva Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji. Sizohlola izinketho zokuhlinzwa, ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali, ukwelapha ngemisebe, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwamasosha omzimba, sigqamisa izindima zabo ezigabeni ezihlukene zesifo. Ukuqonda ukuxilongwa kwakho okuqondile kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi kanye nethimba lakho lezempilo.

Ukuqonda Izigaba Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlelwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo olucubungula ubukhulu nendawo yesimila, ukuba khona kokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kanye nokuthi ingabe umdlavuza usunemetastasized (sabalala) ezithweni ezikude. Uhlelo lwesiteji oluvame kakhulu uhlelo lwe-TNM, olusebenzisa izinhlamvu ukumela usayizi wesimila (T), ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node (N), kanye ne-metastasis (M). Lezi zici zihlanganiswa ukuze kunqunywe isigaba sonke (Isigaba I-IV), esinomthelela omkhulu Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji. Izigaba zangaphambilini ngokuvamile zinezibikezelo ezingcono kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezengeziwe ezitholakalayo.

Stage I Lung Cancer

Isiteji I Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe isimila kanye nezicubu zamaphaphu ezizungezile. Inqubo ethile yokuhlinzwa incike endaweni kanye nobukhulu besimila. Izinketho zihlanganisa i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe yamaphaphu), ukukhishwa kwe-wedges (ukususwa kwengxenye encane yamaphaphu), noma i-segmentectomy (ukususwa kwengxenye yamaphaphu). Kwezinye izimo, amasu angavamisile kancane njengokuhlinzwa kwethoracoscopic okusizwa ngevidiyo (i-VATS) angasetshenziswa. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-adjuvant chemotherapy noma ukwelapha ngemisebe kungase kubhekwe njengokunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda.

Isigaba II Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa Kwesigaba II Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kwe-adjuvant noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Izinga lokuhlinzwa lifana neSigaba I, kodwa ukwengezwa kokwelashwa kwe-adjuvant kuhlose ukuthuthukisa imiphumela ngokukhomba noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Ukukhetha phakathi kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokwelashwa ngemisebe kuncike ezicini eziningana, okuhlanganisa impilo yesiguli iyonke kanye nezici ezithile zesimila. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute inikeza izinketho ezibanzi zokuhlinzwa kanye ne-adjuvant therapy.

Isigaba III Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Isigaba III Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa inhlanganisela yokwelapha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlinzwa (uma kungenzeka), ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, nokwelapha ngemisebe (okuvame ukunikezwa ngesikhathi esisodwa). Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe noma i-immunotherapy kungase futhi kucatshangelwe kuye ngokuthi izici ezithile zofuzo zesimila. Umgomo uwukunciphisa isimila ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthuthukise amazinga okusinda. Amasu athuthukile, njenge-stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) kanye ne-immunotherapy, aya ngokuya esetshenziswa eSigabeni III.

Isigaba IV Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Isigaba IV Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji kuthathwa njenge-metastatic, okusho ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ezithweni ezikude. Okugxilwe kukho kuyasuka ekwelashweni kokwelapha kuye ekunakekelweni kokuthopha, okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo nokwelula ukuphila. Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe (uma kukhona ukuguqulwa kofuzo okufanele), kanye ne-immunotherapy. Izivivinyo zokwelashwa zingase futhi zibe inketho yokuhlola izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezintsha. Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo, okuhlanganisa nokuphathwa kobuhlungu nokukhululeka kwezimpawu, kubalulekile kulesi sigaba.

Ukukhetha Ukwelashwa Okulungile

Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa kwe Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji kuyisinqumo esenziwe umuntu uqobo kakhulu, esenziwe ngokubonisana eduze nodokotela we-oncologist. Kucatshangelwa izici eziningana, okuhlanganisa isigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli iyonke, nezici ezithile zesimila. Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungenziwa ukuze kuhlonzwe okungase kube okuqondiwe emithi yokwelapha eqondiwe. Inqubo yokwenza izinqumo iphinde ibandakanye ukuxoxa ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nezingozi zokukhethwa ngakunye kokwelashwa kanye nokukala ngokuphikisana nalokho okuthandwayo nezinjongo zesiguli.

Imithi Esafufusa

Umkhakha wokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlala ushintsha. Kukhona intuthuko eqhubekayo ekwelashweni okuhlosiwe, ama-immunotherapies, nezinye izindlela ezintsha. Ukuhlala unolwazi ngocwaningo lwakamuva nokuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha ezivelayo nethimba lakho lezempilo kubalulekile.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze uxilongwe futhi ulashwe noma yisiphi isimo sezempilo.

Imithombo: (Engeza imithombo efanele yolwazi lwesiteji, imihlahlandlela yokwelashwa, njll. Isibonelo, Isikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke, Inhlangano Yomdlavuza WaseMelika njll. Caphula amakhasi athile lapho kungenzeka khona.)