umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa okuhlobene nomdlavuza emhlabeni wonke. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele unikeza umbono we umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ehlanganisa izinhlobo zayo, izimbangela, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa, amasu okuvimbela, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa zamanje. Funda mayelana nocwaningo lwakamuva kanye nentuthuko ku umdlavuza wamaphaphu nakekela ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngempilo yakho.Uyini Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu?Umdlavuza wamaphaphu wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emaphashini. Amaphaphu akho ayizitho ezimbili ezinezipontshi esifubeni sakho ezidonsa umoya-mpilo lapho uhosha futhi zikhipha isikhutha lapho ukhipha umoya. Umdlavuza wamaphaphu iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa komdlavuza emhlabeni wonke. Abantu ababhemayo banengozi enkulu yoku umdlavuza wamaphaphu, nokho umdlavuza wamaphaphu kungenzeka nakubantu abangakaze babheme.Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza WamaphaphuUmdlavuza wamaphaphu ihlukaniswe kabanzi yaba izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: Umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane wamangqamuzana (SCLC) kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu we-Non-small cell lung (NSCLC). Lezi zinhlobo zikhula futhi zisakazeke ngendlela ehlukile, futhi ziphathwa ngendlela ehlukile.Umdlavuza Wengqamuzana Ongewona Amancane Amaphaphu (NSCLC)NSCLC wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ebalelwa ku-80 kuya ku-85% wabo bonke umdlavuza wamaphaphu amacala. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi ze-NSCLC zihlanganisa: I-Adenocarcinoma: Imvamisa iqala ezindlaleni zamaphaphu ezikhiqiza amafinyila. Kuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangabhemi. I-squamous cell carcinoma: Iqala emangqamuzaneni e-squamous, ahambisana nemigudu yomoya yamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokubhema. I-Large cell carcinoma: Iqembu lomdlavuza ohlukahlukene ovame ukukhula futhi usakazeke ngokushesha.Umdlavuza Weseli Encane Wamaphaphu (SCLC)SCLC iwuhlobo olungavamile, kodwa olunolaka kakhulu umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ebalelwa cishe ku-10 kuya ku-15% wawo wonke amacala. Kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nokubhema futhi kuvame ukusakazeka ngokushesha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.Izimbangela Nezingozi Zomdlavuza WamaphaphuIzici eziningana zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuba umdlavuza wamaphaphu: Ukubhema: Imbangela ehamba phambili umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ingozi iyanda ngenani likagwayi obhenywayo kanye nobude besikhathi okade ubhema ngaso. Intuthu kagwayi: Ukuchayeka entumeni kagwayi kungandisa ingozi yakho umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngisho noma ungabhemi. Ukuchayeka kwegesi ye-radon: I-radon iyigesi ekhipha imisebe eyenzeka ngokwemvelo engangena ezindlini nasemabhilidini. Ukuchayeka ku-asbestos: Ukuchayeka ku-asbestos, ngokuvamile ezindaweni zokusebenza, kungandisa ingozi umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Umlando womndeni: Ukuba nomlando womndeni we umdlavuza wamaphaphu ingase inyuse ubungozi bakho. Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile: Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezifana ne-arsenic, i-chromium, ne-nickel kungandisa ingozi umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphambilini endaweni yesifuba kungase kwandise ingozi umdlavuza wamaphaphu.Izimpawu Zomdlavuza WamaphaphuUmdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu eziphawulekayo ezigabeni zayo zokuqala. Izimpawu zivame ukukhula njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka. Izimpawu ezivamile ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu kungase kuhlanganise: Ukukhwehlela okungapheli okuba kubi kakhulu noma okungapheli Ukukhwehlela igazi Ubuhlungu besifuba Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kokuzama Ubuhlungu bethambo Ikhanda elibuhlungu Ukuphelelwa umoya Ukuhefuzela Ukungenwa yizifo zamaphaphu njalo, njenge-bronchitis noma inyumoniyaUkuxilongwa Komdlavuza WamaphaphuUma uba nezimpawu ezisikiselayo. umdlavuza wamaphaphu, udokotela wakho cishe uyokwenza ukuhlola okuningana ukuze athole imbangela: Ukuhlola izithombe ngezithombe: Ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, nama-PET scan angasiza ekuboneni uquqaba olungavamile emaphashini. I-sputum cytology: Ukuhlola isampula yesikhwehlela sakho (phlegm) ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu kungaveza ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-Biopsy: I-biopsy ihilela ukukhipha isampula yezicubu ezisolisayo ukuze zihlolwe. Lokhu kungenziwa nge-bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, noma ukuhlinzwa.Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza WamaphaphuNakuba ingekho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela. umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho: Ungabhemi: Uma ungakaze ubheme, ungaqali. Uma ubhema, yeka. Izinsiza eziningi ziyatholakala ukuze zikusize uyeke ukubhema. Gwema ugwayi kagwayi: Uma ungabhemi, gwema ukuchayeka egwayi kagwayi. Hlola ikhaya lakho nge-radon: I-radon iyigesi ekhipha imisebe eyenzeka ngokwemvelo engangena ezindlini nasemabhilidini. Hlola ikhaya lakho ukuze uthole i-radon futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuyehlisa uma amazinga aphezulu. Gwema ukuchayeka kuma-carcinogens: Gwema ukuchayeka kuma-carcinogens awaziwayo, njenge-asbestos ne-arsenic, endaweni yokusebenza noma endaweni. Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla okucebile ngezithelo nemifino kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho umdlavuza wamaphaphu.Izinketho Zokwelapha Izinketho Zokwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu for umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuncike ezicini eziningana, okuhlanganisa uhlobo nesigaba somdlavuza, impilo yakho iyonke, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Izinketho zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa: Ukuhlinzwa: Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukukhipha izicubu ezinomdlavuza futhi, kwezinye izimo, ama-lymph nodes azungezile. Ukwelapha ngemisebe: Ukwelapha ngemisebe kusebenzisa imishayo enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-Chemotherapy: I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukwelapha okuhlosiwe: Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqondise amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngaphandle kokulimaza amaseli avamile. I-Immunotherapy: I-Immunotherapy isebenzisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza.Isiteji somdlavuza wamaphaphuIsiteji se umdlavuza wamaphaphu ichaza izinga lokusabalala komdlavuza. Ukuhlela kusiza odokotela banqume uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu.I-TNM Staging SystemUhlelo lwesiteji lwe-TNM luvame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu: T (Ithumba): Ichaza usayizi nendawo yesimila esiyinhloko. N (Nodes): Ikhombisa ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kuma-lymph nodes aseduze. M (Metastasis): Ikhombisa ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini ezithweni ezikude.Izigaba zisukela ku-0 (ezithuthuke kakhulu) kuye ku-IV (ezithuthuke kakhulu).Isivivinyo Semitholampilo Yomdlavuza WamaphaphuIzivivinyo zezokwelapha yizifundo zocwaningo eziphenya izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha kanye nezindlela zokwelapha. umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukubamba iqhaza esivivinyweni somtholampilo kungase kunikeze ukufinyelela ekwelapheni okuphambili futhi kube negalelo entuthukweni umdlavuza wamaphaphu ukunakekela. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute izipesheli izinhlelo ezintsha zocwaningo nezivivinyo zomtholampilo ezigxile ekuthuthukisweni umdlavuza wamaphaphu imiphumela yokwelashwa.Ukuphila Nomdlavuza WamaphaphuUkuhlala ne umdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba yinselele, ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Amaqembu okusekela, ukwelulekwa, nezinye izinsiza zingakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nezinselele umdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi uthuthukise izinga lakho lempilo. Nali ithebula elenziwe laba lula elibonisa izinsiza ezisekelayo: Incazelo Yensiza Izinzuzo Amaqembu Okusekela Amaqembu anikeza ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo nokusebenzayo. Yehlisa imizwa yokuhlukaniswa, inikeza amasu okubhekana nayo. Ukwelulekwa Ukwelashwa Okuchwepheshile ukubhekana nezinkinga ezingokomzwelo nezingokwengqondo. Isiza ukulawula ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokucindezeleka. Izinhlelo Zokuhlunyeleliswa Zigxile ekwelapheni ngokomzimba nangokwemisebenzi. Ithuthukisa amandla, ukukhuthazela, nokusebenza kwansuku zonke. Intuthuko Yakamuva Ocwaningweni Lomdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luholela ekwelashweni okusha nokuthuthukisiwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe: Izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha ezihlosiwe ziyathuthukiswa ukuze ziqondise ukuguqulwa kofuzo okuthile umdlavuza wamaphaphu amaseli. Ama-Immunotherapies: Ama-immunotherapies amasha ayathuthukiswa ukuze kukhuliswe ukusabela komzimba komzimba kuwo umdlavuza wamaphaphu amaseli. Izindlela zokuthola kusenesikhathi: Abacwaningi bakha izindlela ezintsha zokuthola umdlavuza wamaphaphu esigabeni sangaphambili, lapho seselapheka kakhulu.I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphuThe I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute lunikezelwe ekuthuthukiseni ukuqonda kanye nokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ithimba lethu lochwepheshe linikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele kweziguli ezine umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kusukela ekuxilongweni kuya ekwelashweni nangale kwalokho.E-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute, sinikeza uhla lwezinketho zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, ukwelapha ngemisebe, ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali, ukwelapha okuhlosiwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwamasosha omzimba. Futhi sibamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo ukuze sihlole izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezithembisayo umdlavuza wamaphaphu.Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu esigulini sethu ngasinye. Ithimba lethu lizosebenzisana nawe ukwenza uhlelo lokwelapha oluhambisana nezidingo zakho kanye nemigomo yakho.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nezinsizakalo esizinikezayo e-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi yethu noma usithinte namuhla.Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi ololwazi olujwayelekile kanye nezinjongo zolwazi kuphela, futhi aluhlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngezempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo noma ukwelashwa kwakho.Izithenjwa: I-American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer.html I-National Cancer Institute: https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung