Izibhedlela ezingabhemi zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukuthola Ukwelashwa Okulungile Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongabhemi Lesi sihloko sinikeza ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangabhemi, kugxilwe ekuthuthukisweni kwakamuva nezindlela ezitholakala ezibhedlela eziphambili. Ihlanganisa ukuxilongwa, izindlela zokwelapha, kanye nezinsiza zokwesekwa nolwazi olwengeziwe.

Izibhedlela Ezingabhemi Ukwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngeshwa, awucwasi. Nakuba ukubhema kuyimbangela ehamba phambili, inani elikhulu labantu okutholakala ukuthi banalo umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi abangabhemi. Lokhu kuletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele ekuxilongweni nasekwelapheni. Lo mhlahlandlela usiza ukuzulazula ezinkingeni zokuthola isibhedlela nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi. Ukuqonda izinketho zakho kubalulekile ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngempilo yakho.

Ukuqonda Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongabhemi

Izimbangela kanye Nezici Zobungozi

Nakuba ukubhema kuseyiyona nto ehamba phambili engozini yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ezinye izici eziningi zinomthelela kulesi sifo kwabangabhemi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukuchayeka kugesi ye-radon, i-asbestos, nezinye izinto ezibangela umdlavuza; umlando womndeni womdlavuza wamaphaphu; ukungcoliswa komoya; kanye nezakhi zofuzo ezithile. Ukuhlonza lezi zici kubalulekile ekunqumeni indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Ukuxilongwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongabhemi

Ukuxilongwa kwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi ilandela imigomo efanayo naleyo yababhemayo. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa: ama-X-ray esifuba, ama-CT scan, i-bronchoscopy, i-biopsy, kanye nama-PET scan. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, okwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kulabo abasengozini enkulu. Ijubane nokunemba kokuxilongwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlelwa kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongabhemi

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuhlala kuyinketho yokwelashwa ebalulekile ezimeni eziningi ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi. Inqubo ethile incike endaweni, ubukhulu, kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Lokhu kungasukela ku-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lung lobe) kuye ku-pneumonectomy (ukususwa kwephaphu lonke). Amasu okuhlinza athuthukile anciphisa ukuhlasela futhi athuthukise izikhathi zokululama.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukukhomba nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neoadjuvant) ukuncipha amathumba, ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-adjuvant) ukuze kuqedwe amaseli omdlavuza asele, noma njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko lapho ukuhlinzwa kungeyona inketho. Umuthi othile we-chemotherapy uncike ohlotsheni kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Imiphumela engemihle iyalawuleka ngokusekelwa okufanele.

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa iyodwa noma ihlanganiswe nokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy. Imisebe ye-beam yangaphandle iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, kodwa i-brachytherapy (imisebe yangaphakathi) nayo isetshenziswa ezimeni ezithile. Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zemisebe efana ne-stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo.

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Imithi yokwelapha ehlosiwe igxila kuma-molecule athile ngaphakathi kwamaseli omdlavuza, inciphisa ukulimala kwamaseli anempilo. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinokuguquguquka okuthile kofuzo okuhlobene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukunquma ukufaneleka kwemithi yokwelapha eqondiwe. Ukusebenza kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha kuhlolwa njalo ngezivivinyo zomtholampilo eziqhubekayo.

I-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza. Ingasebenza kahle kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Lo mkhakha osafufusa uthuthuka ngokuqhubekayo ngocwaningo nentuthuko eqhubekayo.

Ukuthola Isibhedlela Esifanele Sokwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ongabhemi

Ukukhetha isibhedlela esifanele kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ohambweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Cabangela izici ezifana nalezi:

• Zizwa nge umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi ukwelashwa
• Ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obuphambili nezinketho zokwelapha
• Amathimba okunakekelwa kwemikhakha eminingi abandakanya odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela be-radiation oncologists, kanye nabasebenzi abasekelayo
• Ukubuyekezwa kwesiguli kanye nobufakazi
• Ukuba seduze nokufinyeleleka

Ukucwaninga izibhedlela ngokucophelela, ukufunda ukubuyekezwa kwesiguli, nokubonisana nodokotela wakho konke kuyizici ezibalulekile zalesi sinqumo. Khumbula ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nolwazi lwabo nge umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi izimo, amanani empumelelo yokwelashwa, kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela ezikhona.

Izinsiza Nokwesekwa

Ukubhekana nokuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba yinselele. Izinsiza eziningana zinikeza ukwesekwa nolwazi lweziguli nemindeni yazo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amaqembu akhulumela isiguli, amanethiwekhi okusekela, nezinsiza eziku-inthanethi. Ukuxhumana nabanye abakuqondayo okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kungabaluleka kakhulu phakathi nokwelashwa.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa nokusekelwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ungase ufise ukucabangela ukuxhumana nabakwa- I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ukuze uthole imininingwane emayelana nekhono labo kanye nezinsiza ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongabhemi.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi luhloselwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze uxilongwe futhi ulashwe noma yisiphi isimo sezempilo.