ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukuqonda Nokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu yisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa intuthuko phakathi ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu zibe nemiphumela ethuthuke kakhulu. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izici ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kusukela ekuxilongweni nasesiteji kuya ekukhethweni kokwelashwa nokunakekelwa okusekelayo. Sizohlola izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukene, sixoxe ngemiphumela engemihle engaba khona, futhi sigqamise ukubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi nocwaningo oluqhubekayo. Lolu lwazi ololwazi jikelele futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso esiqondene nawe mayelana nempilo yakho kanye ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukuqonda Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlukaniswe kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane weseli (SCLC) kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane (NSCLC). I-NSCLC ilandisa ngeningi lamacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi iphinde ihlukaniswe yaba yizinhlobo ezincane ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kanye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu. Uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luthinta kakhulu inkambo engcono kakhulu ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Izigaba Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isiteji sinquma izinga lokusabalala komdlavuza. Amasistimu wesiteji, njengohlelo lwe-TNM, ahlukanisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesimila (T), ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node (N), kanye ne-metastasis ekude (M). Isiteji esinembayo sibalulekile ekunqumeni okufanele ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu isu.

Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko yomdlavuza wamaphaphu osaqala. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukukhipha isimila kanye nengxenye yezicubu zamaphaphu ezizungezile. Izindlela zokuhlinza ezihlasela kancane zivame ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa isikhathi sokululama. Inqubo ethile yokuhlinzwa izoncika endaweni kanye nosayizi wesimila.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingase isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuze kuncishiswe isimila, ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yokuphinda kwenzeke, noma njengesisekelo sokuqala. ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngezigaba ezithuthukile. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali zikhona, ezenzelwe isimo somuntu esiqondile.

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelapha ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukucekela phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha isimila esiyinhloko, kanye nama-lymph nodes esifunda noma ama-metastases akude. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-beam yangaphandle kuvame ukusetshenziswa, ukuletha imisebe emshinini ongaphandle komzimba. Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka i-brachytherapy (ukufaka i-radioactive material ngqo esimila).

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqondise ngokuqondile ama-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye nokuphila. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zivame ukusebenza kangcono kune-chemotherapy futhi zinemiphumela emibi embalwa kwezinye iziguli. Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kuncike kumaka ofuzo athile akhona kumaseli wesimila.

I-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe nomdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza ngokukhulisa amandla amasosha omzimba okubona nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-Immunotherapy ingasebenza ngokuphawulekayo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngisho nasezigabeni ezithuthukile. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-immunotherapy phakathi ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukunakekela Okusekelayo

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kugxile ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lempilo yesiguli kulo lonke ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhambo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, ukwesekwa kokudla okunomsoco, nokulawula imiphumela engemihle yokwelashwa. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa okusekelayo, okugxile ekusizeni izimpawu kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yeziguli ezinesifo esithuthukile.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Ezithuthukisiwe Nocwaningo

Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha zihlala zithuthukiswa, zinikeza ithemba lemiphumela engcono. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe ezinoveli, ama-immunotherapies athuthukile, nezinhlanganisela zokwelapha. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe, sicela uthintane nodokotela wakho we-oncologist noma ufune ulwazi ezikhungweni zokucwaninga ngomdlavuza ezihloniphekile njenge I-National Cancer Institute.

Ukutholwa Kusenesikhathi Nokuvimbela

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini enkulu (ababhemayo, labo abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza wamaphaphu), kungathuthukisa kakhulu amazinga okusinda. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila njengokuyeka ugwayi nokugwema ukuchayeka emakhazeni kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze uxilongwe futhi ukwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokwelashwa komdlavuza, sicela uvakashele i-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ku https://www.baofahospital.com/