ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ate: nā ʻano, nā hōʻailona, ​​ka ʻike, a me ka mālama ʻana

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai, kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ke ake, hoʻopuni ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole, kēlā me kēia me nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa a me nā ala lapaʻau. Ke ʻimi nei kēia alakaʻi piha i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake, nā hōʻailona maʻamau, nā ʻano diagnostics, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia ʻike no ka ʻike mua ʻana a me nā hopena maikaʻi. E uhi mākou i nā ʻike koʻikoʻi e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kēia pilikia olakino paʻakikī. ʻAʻole kēia alakaʻi he pani no nā ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau ʻoihana; e kūkākūkā mau me kahi mea mālama ola no ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana.

Nā ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi ate

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi hepatocellular (HCC) ka maʻi maʻamau ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake, e puka mai ana mai nā pūnaewele nui o ke ake (hepatocytes). ʻO nā mea pilikia e pili ana i nā maʻi ate mau e like me ka cirrhosis (pinepine ʻia e ka maʻi hepa B a i ʻole C), ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai momona ʻole (NAFLD). Hiki ke maʻalahi nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua, akā i ka holomua ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, hiki ke komo i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka jaundice (ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili a me nā maka), ka poho kaumaha, a me ka luhi. Hoʻopili pinepine ka ʻike i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi (ultrasound, CT scan, MRI) a me nā hoʻāʻo koko (alpha-fetoprotein pae). ʻOkoʻa nā koho lapaʻau ma muli o ke kahua a loaʻa ke ʻoki, ablation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ate.

Cholangiocarcinoma

ʻO Cholangiocarcinoma kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi akepaʻa i puka mai i loko o nā auwai bile i loko o ke ake. ʻAʻole ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā kumu pilikia ma mua o nā mea no ka HCC, akā e komo pū kekahi mau ʻano genetic a me ka ʻike lōʻihi i kekahi mau kemika. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke hoʻohālike i ka HCC, akā pili pū kekahi i ka ʻuʻu (ma muli o ke keakea ʻana o ke kahawai bile) a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopili ʻia ka diagnostics i nā ʻenehana kiʻi like e like me HCC, me kahi biopsy paha. ʻO nā ala lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hōʻoki ʻana, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. He ʻokoʻa ka wānana ma muli o ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa.

Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi maʻi ate ʻo ka angiosarcoma a me ka carcinoma fibrolamellar. Loaʻa pinepine kēia mau maʻi maʻi i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a me nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me HCC a me cholangiocarcinoma. He mea koʻikoʻi ke kūkākūkā me nā loea i ʻike i ka maʻi maʻi ate no ka hōʻoia pololei ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau ʻana no kēia mau ʻano maʻi kakaʻikahi.

Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi ate

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake hiki ke ʻano like ʻole a ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia, e paʻakikī ana ka ʻike mua ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ʻike ʻia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻaʻai mua. Eia naʻe, i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, hiki ke komo i nā hōʻailona:

• ʻEha ʻōpū a i ʻole ʻoluʻolu
• Pohō kaumaha ʻole i wehewehe ʻia
• Ka luhi a me ka nawaliwali
• Pau ka ʻai
• ʻO Jaundice (ka melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka)
• ʻO ka pehu ma nā wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae
• Nausea a me ka luai
• Mimi ʻeleʻele
• ʻAiʻeleʻele

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau hōʻailona hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, no laila pono ka loiloi olakino maikaʻi no ka ʻike kūpono.

ʻIke ʻia o ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai

Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake pono e hui pū ʻia nā hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana. Loaʻa kēia mau mea maʻamau:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Nā hoʻāʻo hana ʻana o ke ake (LFTs), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) pae
• Nā ho'āʻo kiʻi: Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, PET scan paha
• Biopsy: Lawe ʻia kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo o ke akepaʻa no ka hoʻokolokolo microscopic

Nā Koho Lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi ate

Nā koho lapaʻau no ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake pili i nā kumu like ʻole, me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa, kona pae, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau ke komo:

• ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana: ʻoki ʻia (ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maʻi kanesa) a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana
• Ablation: Ka luku ʻana i nā cell cancerous me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wela (radiofrequency ablation) a i ʻole ka hau (cryoablation)
• Chemotherapy: Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Radiation Therapy: Ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka pāhawewe ikehu kiʻekiʻe e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopaʻa i nā molekole kikoʻī e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa
• Immunotherapy: Hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻana o ke kino e hakakā i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka Lapaʻau ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai kiʻekiʻe: He ala hui

No nā poʻe e kū nei i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi ate, ʻo kahi ala multidisciplinary ʻo ia ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa. Hoʻopili kēia i kahi hui o nā loea, ʻo ia hoʻi nā oncologists, nā kaukaʻi, radioologists, a me nā ʻoihana mālama olakino ʻē aʻe, e hana pū ana e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau pilikino. Ma ka Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute, ua kūpaʻa mākou i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mālama piha a me ka noʻonoʻo no nā poʻe maʻi e hakakā nei i ka maʻi maʻi ate.

Ka wānana a me ka pale ʻana

ʻO ka wānana no ka ma'i 'a'ai ma ke ake ʻokoʻa nui ma muli o ke ʻano a me ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa ma ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka manawa o nā hopena kūleʻa. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ala ʻoiaʻiʻo e pale aku ai i nā ʻano maʻi maʻi ate āpau, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koho ola olakino e like me ka pale ʻana i ka inu ʻona nui, mālama i ke kaumaha olakino, a me ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi hepa B a me C hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia. He mea nui ka nānā mau ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā poʻe me nā kumu pilikia.

Hōʻole: Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻike no nā kumu hoʻonaʻauao wale nō a ʻaʻole pono e manaʻo ʻia he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino. E kūkākūkā mau me kekahi kauka mālama ola no ka hōʻoia ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kekahi maʻi olakino.