rcc

RCC, a i ʻole Renal Cell Carcinoma, ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau i nā pākeke. Hoʻomaka ia ma ka uhi ʻana o nā paipu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka puʻupaʻa. Hiki ke maʻalahi nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena. ʻIke ʻia kēia alakaʻi piha i nā kumu, nā hōʻailona, ​​nā hōʻailona, ​​nā koho lapaʻau, a me ka wānana o RCC.He aha ka Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)?Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) he ʻano maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai i puka mai i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO nā puʻupaʻa he ʻano pīni, ʻo kēlā me kēia me ka nui o kou lima, aia ma hope o kou ʻōpū, hoʻokahi ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o kou iwi kuamoʻo. Kāna lākou i ka ʻōpala a me nā wai nui mai kou koko, a laila e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o kāu mimi. RCC hana ʻia i ka wā e loli ai nā pūnaʻi olakino i loko o hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā puʻupaʻa ʻelua a ulu ʻole i ka mana, e hana ana i kahi nui. Hiki i kēia nuipa ke benign (noncancerous) a i ʻole malignant (cancerous). ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi puʻupaʻa RCC.Ke ano o ka ma'i ma'i ma'i ma'i ma'i ma'i 'a'ai RCC, kēlā me kēia me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā wānana. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ka: Holoi Cell RCC: ʻO kēia ka subtype maʻamau, helu ʻia ma kahi o 70-80% o RCC hihia. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e nā pūnaewele akaka a haʻalulu ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Papillary RCC: ʻO ka lua o nā ʻano maʻamau, helu no 10-15% o nā hihia. Papillary RCC he mau manamana lima (papillae). Chromophobe RCC: Hōʻike kēia subtype ma kahi o 5% o RCC hihia. He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wānana ma mua o ke kelepona maʻemaʻe RCC. ʻOhi ʻana i ka Duct RCC: He ʻano kakaʻikahi a hoʻopaʻapaʻa RCC, no ka emi iho o 1% o na hihia. ʻO RCC i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia: I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole kūpono nā pūnaʻi maʻi maʻi i loko o kekahi o nā ʻano o luna. RCC. Aia kēia mau mea: Puhi: ʻO ka puhi paka he kumu pilikia nui, ma kahi o ka pālua ʻana i ka pilikia o RCC. ʻObesity: Hoʻonui ke kaumaha i ka pilikia o RCC, i nā wāhine. Ke koko kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻopili ʻia ka hypertension me ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia. Moʻolelo ʻohana: ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi kīkī e hoʻonui i kou pilikia. ʻO kekahi mau kūlana hoʻoilina, e like me ka maʻi von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi papillary renal cell carcinoma, hoʻonui nui i ka pilikia. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole dialysis: ʻOi aku ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma ka dialysis. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i kekahi mau mea hōʻeha ʻeha, e like me ka phenacetin, ua hoʻopili ʻia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia (ʻaʻole hoʻohana mau ʻia ka phenacetin). Hōʻike i kekahi mau mea waiwai: Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻike ʻana i ka cadmium a me kekahi mau lāʻau herbicide me kahi pilikia nui. RCC ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokumu i nā hōʻailona ʻike ʻia. I ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi koko, hiki ke ulu nā hōʻailona, ​​e like me: Koko i loko o ka mimi (Hematuria): ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau. ʻEha hope o lalo: ʻO kaʻeha ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ke kua lalo,ʻaʻole pili i kaʻeha. He Puʻupuʻu a i ʻole Mass ma ka ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ma hope: He palpable mass ma ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao. Pau kaumaha: Pohō kaumaha ʻole i wehewehe ʻia. luhi: Ka luhi mau a wehewehe ʻole ʻia. ʻO ke kuni: He kuni no ka ma'i ole. Anemia: He helu koko ʻulaʻula haʻahaʻa. Ke ʻike ʻana i ka RCCInā kānalua kāu kauka RCC, e hana paha lākou i kekahi mau ho'āʻo e hōʻoia i ka ʻike a hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka maʻi kanesa. Hiki i kēia mau ho'āʻo ke komo: Hōʻike kino: E nānā ke kauka iā ʻoe a nīnau e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino a me nā hōʻailona. Nā hōʻike mimi: Hiki i nā ho'āʻo mimi ke ʻike i ke koko i loko o ka mimi a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i nā ho'āʻo koko ke nānā i ka hana ʻāʻī a nānā i nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa. Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi: Hoʻopili ʻia ka Tomography (CT) Scan: Hāʻawi ka CT scan i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā puʻupaʻa a me nā ʻiʻo a puni. ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo kiʻi maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike RCC. ʻO ke kiʻi hoʻopaʻa manaʻo magnetic (MRI): Hoʻohana ʻo MRI i nā māla magnetic a me nā hawewe lekiō e hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka loiloi hou ʻana i nā maʻi koko i ʻike ʻia ma nā scans CT. Ultrasound: Hoʻohana ka Ultrasound i nā nalu kani e hana i nā kiʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā maʻi koko paʻa a me nā cysts piha wai. ʻO ka Arteriogram Renal: Hoʻohana ka arteriogram i ka wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā ʻaʻa renal e ʻike i ke kahe koko i nā puʻupaʻa. Biopsy: ʻO ka biopsy ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai no ka nānā ʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻAʻole pono kēia i nā manawa a pau, akā hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano subtype o RCC.Staging RCCOnce RCC ʻike ʻia, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kanesa e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka maʻi. Kōkua ke kau ʻana i nā kauka e hoʻolālā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka ʻōnaehana staging TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis): T (Tumo): Hōʻike i ka nui a me ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi mua. N (Puna): Hōʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi maʻi i nā ʻōpū lymph kokoke. M (Metastasis): Hōʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi kanesa i nā wahi mamao (metastasis). Loaʻa nā pae mai I a IV, me ka pae IV ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa. Nā Koho Lapaʻau no RCCT RCC pili i ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā koho lapaʻau ke komo: ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana: ʻO ka Nephrectomy Radical: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa holoʻokoʻa, nā ʻiʻo a puni, a i kekahi manawa nā lymph nodes kokoke. ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka localized RCC. ʻO ka nephrectomy hapa: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpū wale nō a me kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiʻo a puni. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia no nā maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole inā pono e mālama ʻia ka hana kīkī. Nānā ʻeleu: No nā ma'i ma'i li'ili'i e ulu lohi nei, he koho paha ka nānā 'ana (kakali kia'i). Hoʻopili kēia i ka nānā mau ʻana me nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi e ʻike ai inā e ulu ana ka ʻōpū. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻopau ʻana: Hoʻohana kēia mau ʻenehana i ka wela a i ʻole ke anu e hoʻopau i ke koko. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA): Hoʻohana i nā hawewe lekiō e wela a luku i ke koko. Cryoablation: Hoʻohana i ke anu loa e hoʻomaloʻo a luku i ke koko. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i koho ʻia: Hoʻopili kēia mau lāʻau i nā molekole kikoʻī e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka cell cancer a me ke ola. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no RCC komo: Nā mea pale VEGF: E like me sunitinib (Sutent), sorafenib (Nexavar), pazopanib (Votrient), axitinib (Inlyta), a me cabozantinib (Cabometyx). Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau lāʻau i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou e pono ai ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpū. Nā mea pale mTOR: E like me temsirolimus (Torisel) a me everolimus (Afinitor). Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau lāʻau i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo mTOR e kōkua i ka ulu ʻana a me ka puʻunaue ʻana o nā maʻi kanesa. HIF-2α mea pale: Belzutifan (Welireg) no nā poʻe maʻi me RCC pili i ka VHL. Immunotherapy: ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ke kino o ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā immunotherapies maʻamau no RCC komo: Nā mea pale PD-1: E like me nivolumab (Opdivo) a me pembrolizumab (Keytruda). Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo PD-1 e kōkua ana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi e pale aku i ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO nā mea pale CTLA-4: E like me ka ipilimumab (Yervoy). Hoʻopaʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo CTLA-4 e kōkua pū ana i nā maʻi maʻi e pale aku i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Interleukin-2 (IL-2): He cytokine e hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Lapaʻau Radiation: Hoʻohana ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kukuna ikaika nui e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻohana mau ʻia no RCC, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā metastases a i ʻole hoʻomaha i ka ʻeha. Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau: ʻO ke komo ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau hiki ke hāʻawi i ke komo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a hoʻohiki. RCC pili i kekahi mau kumu, me ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa, ka subtype o RCC, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi, a me ka mālama ʻana i loaʻa. He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hopena RCC (pae I-III) loaʻa ka prognosis maikaʻi. ʻO ka helu ola 5 makahiki no ka pae I RCC kiʻekiʻe loa, pinepine ma mua o 90%. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka prognosis no nā maʻi me ka metastatic RCC (ʻo ka pae IV) ʻaʻole maikaʻi, me ka 5-makahiki ola ola ma kahi o 10-20%. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e like me ka targeted therapy a me ka immunotherapy i ka nānā ʻana no nā maʻi he nui RCC. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi a me ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻolana no nā hopena maikaʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana. RCC, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia, me: Ha'alele i ka puhi paka: Inā puhi ʻoe, ʻo ka haʻalele ʻana ka mea nui loa āu e hana ai e hōʻemi i kou pilikia. E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino: Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou pilikia ka lilo ʻana o ke kaumaha inā ʻoe ke kaumaha a paʻakikī paha. Kāohi i ke koko kiʻekiʻe: E hana pū me kāu kauka no ka mālama ʻana i ke kahe koko. Hōʻalo i ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau mea: E hōʻemi i kou ʻike ʻana i ka cadmium a me nā herbicides. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala ʻohana: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo ʻohana no ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻana, e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka.RCC Research ma Shandong Baofa Cancer Research InstituteAt Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute, hoʻolaʻa mākou i ka holomua ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana o RCC. Ke nānā nei kā mākou noiʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hopena no nā maʻi me kēia maʻi. Manaʻo mākou ma o ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka noiʻi a me ka hana like ʻana, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi nui i ke ola o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai. (Laha i nā ʻōpū lymph āpana) M0 IV T4 (Hoʻonui ma waho o ka fascia o Gerota) ʻO kēlā me kēia N M1 (Metastasis mamao) * Nānā: Hāʻawi kēia papa i kahi ʻike maʻalahi. E kūkākūkā me kekahi kauka lapaʻau no ka hoʻokō pololei ʻana. RCC he mea koʻikoʻi no ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka hoʻokele pono. Mai ka ʻike ʻana i nā kumu pilikia i ka hopu ʻana i nā koho lapaʻau, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka poʻe me ka ʻike e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻokele pono i kā lākou huakaʻi olakino. No ka mālama kūikawā a me ka noiʻi hou ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, e pili ana RCC, e noʻonoʻo e ʻimi i nā kumuwaiwai i loaʻa ma nā ʻoihana like Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute.Hōʻole: ʻO kēia ʻike no ka ʻike ākea a me ka ʻike ʻike wale nō, ʻaʻole ia he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino. He mea nui e kūkākūkā me kekahi kauka lapaʻau koʻikoʻi no nā pilikia olakino a i ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e pili ana i kou olakino a lapaʻau paha.Nā kumu: American Cancer Society: www.cancer.org National Cancer Institute: www.cancer.gov Mayo Clinic: www.mayoclinic.org