lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma

Lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi umauma He kanaka hoʻokahi a hilinaʻi i kekahi mau kumu, e like me ke kahua a me ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa, ke kūlana hoʻokipa hormone, ke kūlana HER2, a me ke olakino āpau a me nā makemake o ka mea maʻi. maʻamau lapaʻau ʻO nā koho e pili ana i ka ʻoki, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, a me immunotherapy, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hui. Hāʻawi kēia alakaʻi i kahi ʻike kikoʻī o kēia mau mea lapaʻau nā ʻano hana, nā holomua hou, a me nā mea e hiki ai i nā maʻi ke manaʻoKa maʻi maʻi umauma he maʻi paʻakikī, a maikaʻi lapaʻau pono e hoomaopopo pono i kona mau ano. Hoʻopili kekahi mau kumu i ke koho ʻana i ka mea kūpono loa lapaʻau plan.Factors Influencing Treatment Decisions Pae o ka ma'i 'a'ai: Hōʻike kēia i ka lōʻihi o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa. Papa o ka maʻi 'aʻai: E pili ana kēia i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana o nā pūnaʻi kanesa ma lalo o kahi microscope a me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana a palahalaha. ʻO ke kūlana o ka hoʻokipa ʻana o ka Hormone (ER/PR): Inā loaʻa i nā pūnana maʻi ʻaʻai nā mea loaʻa no ka estrogen (ER) a / a i ʻole progesterone (PR). Kūlana HER2: Inā paha he nui loa ka protein HER2 o nā pūnaʻi kanesa, ka mea e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa. Ola holookoa: ʻO ke olakino ākea o ka mea maʻi a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo maʻi: ʻO nā waiwai pilikino a me nā makemake o ka mea maʻi e pili ana lapaʻau nā koho.Nā Hana Hana ʻO ka ʻoki pinepine ka lālani mua o lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, oi loa aku no ka ma'i ma'i ma'i. Nā 'ano o ke 'oki 'ana i ka ma'i ma'i umauma Lumpectomy: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpū a me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiʻo a puni. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia e ka radiation therapy. Mastectomy: Ka wehe ʻana i ka umauma holoʻokoʻa. Aia kekahi mau ʻano, me: Mastectomy maʻalahi a piha paha: Ka wehe ʻana i ka umauma holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Radical Mastectomy: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka umauma holoʻokoʻa a me ka lymph nodes ma lalo o ka lima. ʻO ka mastectomy mālama ʻili: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo o ka umauma, ka nipple, a me ka areola, akā mālama i ka ʻili o ka ʻili. Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo o ka umauma me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili, ka nipple, a me ka areola. Lymph Node Biopsy: Ka wehe ʻana i nā pūnaʻi lymph e nānā i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he sentinel lymph node biopsy (e wehe wale ana i nā puʻupuʻu lymph mua wale nō) a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻōpū lymph axillary (hoʻoneʻe hou aku i nā pūnaʻi lymph). Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana no ka luku ʻana i nā keʻena maʻi kanesa i koe. Nā ʻano o ka Radiation Therapy ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau waho (EBRT): Hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation mai kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino. ʻO Brachytherapy (Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Loko): Hoʻokomo pololei ʻia nā ʻanoʻano radioactive a i ʻole ma kahi kokoke i ka tumor. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā maʻi maʻi ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a i ʻole ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana. No nā lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe a me ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia kahua, e noʻonoʻo e ʻimi i nā haʻawina o nā hui like Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute, he kikowaena alakaʻi i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka maʻi kanesa lapaʻau mea hou. I ka manawa hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka Chemotherapy? Ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) e hōʻemi i ke koko. Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana (adjuvant chemotherapy) e pepehi i ke koena o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. No ka metastatic ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma e hoʻomalu i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi.Hormone TherapyHormone therapy poloka a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha i ka nui o nā hormones i loko o ke kino e hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi kanesa. He kūpono ia no ka hormone receptor-positive (ER+ a/a i ʻole PR+) nā maʻi maʻi umauma.Ke ano o ka Hormone Therapy Tamoxifen: Hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hoʻokipa estrogen ma nā pūnaewele maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā mea pale Aromatase (AI): E hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae estrogen i nā wahine postmenopausal. ʻO nā laʻana he anastrozole, letrozole, a me exemestane. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana a i ʻole Ablation: Hoʻopau i nā ovaries mai ka hana ʻana i ka estrogen, no ka manawa pōkole me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole me ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka radiation. Hoʻohana ʻia no nā maʻi maʻi umauma loaʻa nā hoʻololi genetic kikoʻī a i ʻole ka overexpression protein Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e HER2: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Trastuzumab (Herceptin), pertuzumab (Perjeta), ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla), a me lapatinib (Tykerb) no ka HER2 maikaʻi. nā maʻi maʻi umauma. Nā mea pale CDK4/6: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Palbociclib (Ibrance), ribociclib (Kisqali), a me abemaciclib (Verzenio) i hui pū ʻia me ka hormone therapy no ka hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced. ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Nā mea pale PI3K: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Alpelisib (Piqray) i hui pū ʻia me fulvestrant no ka hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced. ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma me ka PIK3CA mutation.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy kokua i ke kino o ke kino e kaua i ka ma'i kanesa. He mea hou aku lapaʻau koho no kekahi mau ano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.Na Laau Laau Immunotherapy Pembrolizumab (Keytruda): Hiki ke hoʻohana no ka triple-negative ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ʻo ia ka maikaʻi o PD-L1. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Clinical nā haʻawina noiʻi e hoʻāʻo hou ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ala hou e hoʻohana ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ke komo ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau hiki ke hāʻawi i nā poʻe maʻi i ka ʻokiʻoki nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka loaʻa nui ʻana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻi maʻi umauma ma ka pūnaewele o ka National Cancer Institute a me nā kumu kaulana ʻē aʻe. Coping with Side EffectsLapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi umauma hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi luhi: Hoʻomaha, hoʻoikaika māmā, a me ka meaʻai maikaʻi. Nausea a me ka luaʻi: Nā lāʻau kūʻē i ka nausea. ʻO ka lauoho lauoho: Hiki ke kōkua ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ke poʻo i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka lauoho. Hiki i nā wig a me nā uhi poʻo ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ka hilinaʻi. Lymphedema: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino a me nā lole paʻa. ʻeha: Nā lāʻau ʻeha a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, He mea nui ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā manawa maʻamau no ka nānā ʻana no ka hoʻi hou ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao lōʻihi. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi umauma mua, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka tumor. Hoʻohana ʻo Radiation Therapy i nā kukuna ikaika nui e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana, no ka hoʻomalu kūloko. Chemotherapy Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi a puni ke kino. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻi kiʻekiʻe, nui ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana. Hoʻopaʻa a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha ka Hormone Therapy i nā pae hormone. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻana i ka hormone. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī o ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻi HER2 maikaʻi, nā maʻi kanesa me nā hoʻololi kikoʻī. ʻO ka Immunotherapy Kōkua i ke kino o ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi umauma holomua. Disclaimer ʻO kēia ʻike no ka ʻike ākea a me nā kumu ʻike wale nō, ʻaʻole ia he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino. He mea nui e kūkākūkā me kekahi limahana mālama ola kūpono no nā pilikia olakino a i ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e pili ana i kou olakino a i ʻole. lapaʻau. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau ma muli o ke kūlana kūikawā o kēlā me kēia maʻi a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o kā lākou hui mālama ola. https://www.cancer.gov/ American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/