Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji

Chithandizo cha Khansa ya M'mapapo ndi Gawo: Chitsogozo Chokwanira Njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo zimasiyana kwambiri kutengera gawo la khansayo. Bukhuli likupereka chithunzithunzi chamankhwala pagawo lililonse, kutsindika kufunikira kozindikira msanga komanso chisamaliro chamunthu. Tidzafufuza njira zopangira maopaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy, chithandizo chomwe mukufuna, ndi immunotherapy, komanso chisamaliro chothandizira. Kumbukirani, chidziwitsochi ndi chidziwitso chonse ndipo sichiyenera kulowa m'malo mwa kufunsana ndi dokotala.

Kumvetsetsa Magawo a Khansa Yam'mapapo

Khansara ya m'mapapo imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe imalongosola kukula ndi malo a chotupacho, kaya chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes pafupi, komanso ngati chafalikira (kufalikira) kumadera akutali a thupi. Dongosolo la staging limathandiza madokotala kudziwa njira yabwino kwambiri Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji. Magawo nthawi zambiri amawerengedwa kuyambira 1 mpaka IV, ine ndine woyamba ndipo IV ndimakhala wotsogola kwambiri.

Gawo I la khansa ya m'mapapo

Mu Stage I Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji nthawi zambiri amachitidwa opaleshoni kuchotsa chotupacho ndi minofu yozungulira mapapo. Njira yeniyeni imadalira malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho. Nthawi zina, chithandizo cha adjuvant chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy chikhoza kulimbikitsidwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chobwereza. Kuzindikiridwa koyambirira panthawiyi kumawongolera kwambiri matendawa.

Gawo II Khansa ya m'mapapo

Gawo II Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji Nthawi zambiri amachitidwa opaleshoni, nthawi zambiri amatsatiridwa ndi adjuvant chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy. Kukula kwa opaleshoni kungasiyane malinga ndi kukula kwa chotupacho ndi malo ake. Cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa chotupacho kotheratu ndi kupewa kubweranso.

Gawo III Khansa yam'mapapo

Gawo III Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zingaphatikizepo mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni (ngati n'kotheka), chemotherapy, ndi chithandizo cha radiation. Gawoli nthawi zambiri limagawikanso (IIIA, IIIB) kuti litsogolere zosankha zamankhwala. Kupita patsogolo kwa njira zama radiation, monga stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), zathandiza kwambiri odwala ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya Stage III.

Gawo IV Khansa yam'mapapo

Gawo IV Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji imatengedwa ngati metastatic, kutanthauza kuti khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali. Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera zizindikiro, kuwongolera moyo wabwino, komanso kukulitsa moyo. Zosankha zingaphatikizepo mankhwala amphamvu, mankhwala ochizira (mankhwala omwe amayang'ana maselo a khansa), ndi immunotherapy (yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamthupi kuti kulimbana ndi khansa). Mayesero azachipatala angakhalenso oganiziridwa.

Njira Zochizira Khansa Yam'mapapo

Pali njira zingapo zochizira, iliyonse ili ndi mapindu ake ndi kuopsa kwake. Chisankho chamankhwala chimadalira pa zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo siteji ya khansayo, thanzi lonse la wodwalayo, ndi zokonda zake. Nthawi zonse kambiranani zomwe mungachite ndi dokotala wanu.

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri ndiyo chithandizo choyambirira cha khansa ya m'mapapo yoyambirira. Njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira opaleshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho. Izi zingaphatikizepo lobectomy (kuchotsa lobe ya m'mapapo), pneumonectomy (kuchotsa mapapu onse), kapena kuchotsa mphesa (kuchotsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka mapapo). Njira zochepetsera pang'ono za opaleshoni, monga opaleshoni ya thoracoscopic (VATS) yothandizidwa ndi kanema (VATS), ikuchulukirachulukira.

Chithandizo cha radiation

Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito cheza champhamvu kwambiri kupha maselo a khansa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena. Chithandizo cha ma radiation akunja ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Nthawi zina, brachytherapy (mankhwala opangira ma radiation) angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti aphe maselo a khansa m'thupi lonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni (neoadjuvant chemotherapy), pambuyo pa opaleshoni (adjuvant chemotherapy), kapena ngati chithandizo choyambirira cha khansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba.

Chithandizo Chachindunji

Thandizo loyang'aniridwa limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amayang'ana mamolekyu ena omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri pamitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mapapo ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy imathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Mitundu ingapo ya immunotherapy ilipo kwa khansa ya m'mapapo. Mankhwalawa ndi ofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi khansa yapamwamba ya m'mapapo.

Chithandizo Chothandizira

Thandizo lothandizira ndilofunika kwambiri pazochitika zonse Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji ndondomeko. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusamalira zizindikiro monga kupweteka, kutopa, ndi kupuma movutikira; kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala; ndi kupereka chithandizo chamaganizo ndi chamaganizo. Chisamaliro cha Palliative chimayang'ana kwambiri pakukweza moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba.

Kupeza Chisamaliro Choyenera

Kuzindikira msanga ndi kuzindikira ndikofunikira kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, funsani dokotala mwamsanga. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za chisamaliro chapamwamba cha khansa ndi kafukufuku, mukhoza kufufuza zothandizira kuchokera ku mabungwe odziwika bwino monga National Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/). Kwa iwo omwe akufuna chisamaliro chapadera, a Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute imapereka ntchito zambiri.

Chodzikanira: Izi ndizomwe zimadziwika bwino ndipo sizipanga upangiri wachipatala. Nthawi zonse funsani akatswiri azachipatala kuti mudziwe komanso kulandira chithandizo.