siteji 3b chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo

Gawo 3B Chithandizo cha Khansa Yam'mapapo: Chitsogozo Chokwanira Kumvetsetsa zomwe mungasankhe siteji 3b chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndizofunikira. Bukhuli limapereka chiwongolero chokwanira chamankhwala omwe alipo, mphamvu zake, zotsatirapo zake, ndi malingaliro opangira zisankho mozindikira. Tidzafufuza njira zopangira opaleshoni, chemotherapy, chithandizo cha radiation, chithandizo chomwe mukufuna, ndi immunotherapy, ndikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa.

Kumvetsetsa Gawo 3B Khansa Yam'mapapo

Gawo 3b khansa ya m'mapapo zimasonyeza kuti khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes pachifuwa, koma osati kupitirira. Gawoli limagawidwanso mu 3B1 ndi 3B2, kutengera kukula kwa ma lymph node. Masitepe olondola ndi ofunikira kuti mudziwe njira yoyenera kwambiri yothandizira. Ndondomeko yeniyeni ya chithandizo idzadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo thanzi la wodwalayo, mtundu wa khansa ya m'mapapo (selo yaing'ono vs. selo losakhala laling'ono), malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho, ndi kukhalapo kwa matenda ena aliwonse. Kuzindikira koyambirira komanso kolondola ndikofunikira kuti kasamalidwe kabwino ka matendawa siteji 3b khansa ya m'mapapo. Kukambirana ndi akatswiri odziwa za oncologist ndikofunikira kwambiri paulendo wovutawu.

Njira Zochiritsira za Gawo 3B Khansa Yam'mapapo

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala njira kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi siteji 3b khansa ya m'mapapo, makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda am'deralo komanso thanzi labwino. Opaleshoni ingaphatikizepo lobectomy (kuchotsa lobe ya m'mapapo), pneumonectomy (kuchotsa mapapu onse), kapena segmentectomy (kuchotsa gawo la mapapu). Chisankho chopitilira opaleshoni chidzadalira kuthekera kwa kuchotsa chotupa kwathunthu ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Bungwe la Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) amapereka chithandizo chokwanira cha opaleshoni ya oncology.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza siteji 3b khansa ya m'mapapo, mwina asanachite opaleshoni (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) kuti achepetse chotupacho kapena pambuyo pa opaleshoni (adjuvant chemotherapy) kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha kuyambiranso. Mankhwala a chemotherapy amagwira ntchito poyang'ana ndi kupha maselo a khansa omwe akugawanitsa mwachangu. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amaphatikizapo mankhwala opangidwa ndi platinamu (cisplatin, carboplatin) ndi ena. Regimen yeniyeni idzagwirizana ndi zosowa za wodwala payekha komanso momwe angayankhire chithandizo. Zotsatira za chemotherapy zimatha kusiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo nseru, kutopa, tsitsi, komanso kuchepa kwa maselo a magazi.

Chithandizo cha radiation

Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito cheza champhamvu kwambiri kupha maselo a khansa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi chemotherapy. Ma radiation amatha kuperekedwa kunja (kunja kwa beam radiation therapy) kapena mkati (brachytherapy). Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) ndi njira yolondola kwambiri yothandizira ma radiation yomwe imapereka milingo yayikulu ya radiation ku chotupacho ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu yozungulira yathanzi. Ichi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yothandizira odwala osankhidwa. Kusankhidwa kwa chithandizo cha radiation kumatengera zinthu zingapo monga chotupa, kukula kwake, komanso thanzi lonse la wodwalayo.

Chithandizo Chachindunji

Thandizo lolunjika limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ma cell a khansa popanda kuvulaza maselo abwinobwino. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza polimbana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imakhala ndi masinthidwe enieni. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo EGFR inhibitors, ALK inhibitors, ndi ROS1 inhibitors. Asanalandire chithandizo, kuyezetsa majini kumachitika nthawi zambiri kuti awone ngati khansa ya m'mapapo ya wodwalayo ili ndi kusintha kwa chibadwa.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamthupi kulimbana ndi ma cell a khansa. Checkpoint inhibitors, monga nivolumab ndi pembrolizumab, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda. siteji 3b khansa ya m'mapapo. Amagwira ntchito potsekereza mapuloteni omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo chamthupi kuukira maselo a khansa. Immunotherapy nthawi zina imatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa monga zochitika zoyipa zokhudzana ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Dongosolo la chithandizo liyenera kupangidwa mosamala ndikutsatiridwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri azachipatala.

Kupanga zisankho mwanzeru

Kusankha mankhwala oyenera siteji 3b khansa ya m'mapapo kumafuna kuganizira mozama zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuti muzikambirana momasuka komanso moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu wa oncologist kuti mumvetsetse ubwino ndi kuopsa kwa njira iliyonse yamankhwala. Njira yothandizanayi, yotengera momwe zinthu ziliri komanso zomwe mumakonda, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Lingalirani zopeza malingaliro achiwiri ndikulowa m'magulu othandizira kuti muyende bwino paulendo wovutawu. Kukumana kotsatira nthawi zonse ndi maphunziro oyerekeza ndikofunikira pakuwunika momwe chithandizo chayankhira ndikuzindikira kubwereza kulikonse.

Kuwunika Kuyerekeza kwa Njira Zochizira

Zindikirani: Mfundozi ndi zongophunzitsa chabe ndipo sizikupanga uphungu wamankhwala. Nthawi zonse funsani ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino zachipatala kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiza matenda aliwonse.