chithandizo chapamwamba cha khansa ya m'mapapo

Njira Zapamwamba Zochizira Khansa ya M'mapapo

Bukuli likuwunikira zomwe zachitika posachedwa chithandizo chapamwamba cha khansa ya m'mapapo, kupereka zidziwitso za njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira, mphamvu zawo, ndi zotsatirapo zake. Timafufuza zamankhwala omwe akhazikitsidwa komanso omwe akubwera kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsetsa zosankha zomwe zilipo ndikupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino pokambirana ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu. Kuyenda zovuta za chithandizo chapamwamba cha khansa ya m'mapapo kumafuna kumvetsetsa bwino za matendawa ndi machiritso omwe alipo. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kumveketsa bwino lomwe.

Kumvetsetsa Advanced Lung Cancer

Kusanthula ndi Kuzindikira

Kukonzekera bwino khansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba Ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe njira yabwino kwambiri yamankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyezetsa kotsatizana, kuphatikizapo kujambula zithunzi (CT, PET), biopsies, ndi kuyesa magazi. Gawo la khansara-kaya yapita patsogolo kapena metastatic-imakhudza kwambiri zosankha za chithandizo. Kumvetsetsa zenizeni za matenda anu ndi sitepe yoyamba yopanga ndondomeko ya chithandizo chaumwini.

Mitundu ya khansa yapakhungu yapamwamba

Kansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba imaphatikizapo khansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo (SCLC) ndi khansara yosakhala yaying'ono ya m'mapapo (NSCLC). NSCLC ndiyomwe imayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo yambiri ndipo imayikidwanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, cell carcinoma), iliyonse yomwe imatha kuyankha mosiyana ndi njira zochiritsira zosiyanasiyana. Kusiyanitsa kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera chithandizo njira.

Njira Zochiritsira Zam'mapapo Apamwamba Khansa

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imakhalabe mwala wapangodya wa chithandizo chapamwamba cha khansa ya m'mapapo. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti aphe maselo a khansa, omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala a chemotherapy, iliyonse yogwirizana ndi mtundu wake komanso gawo la khansa. Kusankha regimen kumaganizira zinthu monga thanzi la wodwalayo komanso kukhalapo kwa masinthidwe enieni amtundu. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri a chemotherapeutic ndi cisplatin, carboplatin, ndi paclitaxel. Zotsatira zake zimasiyanasiyana koma zingaphatikizepo nseru, kutopa, ndi tsitsi.

Chithandizo Chachindunji

Zochizira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zimayang'ana kwambiri mamolekyu ena omwe amayendetsa kukula kwa khansa. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini, monga EGFR, ALK, ROS1, kapena BRAF masinthidwe. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) monga gefitinib ndi erlotinib, ndi ALK inhibitors monga crizotinib. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala omwe akuwunikiridwa kumadalira kukhalapo kwa zolembera za chibadwa zomwe zimazindikiridwa kudzera mu kuyesa kwa biopsy. Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute imapereka kuyezetsa kwa majini kwapamwamba kuti atsogolere zosankha zamunthu payekha.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamthupi kulimbana ndi khansa. Ma immuno checkpoint inhibitors, monga pembrolizumab ndi nivolumab, amaletsa mapuloteni omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo chamthupi kuukira maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa asintha kwambiri chithandizo mwa ena khansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu kwa kupulumuka. Komabe, immunotherapy siigwira ntchito kwa odwala onse, ndipo zotsatira zake zingaphatikizepo kutopa ndi zochitika zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Chithandizo cha radiation

Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito cheza champhamvu kwambiri kupha maselo a khansa. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa zotupa, kuchepetsa zizindikiro, kapena kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo chamankhwala ena. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) ndi njira yolondola kwambiri ya radiation yomwe imapereka milingo yayikulu ya radiation kudera laling'ono, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu yozungulira yathanzi. Chithandizo cha radiation chingayambitse zovuta zina monga kuyabwa pakhungu komanso kutopa.

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala mwayi kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda am'deralo khansa ya m'mapapo, makamaka ngati chotupacho chikhoza kuchotsedwa (chikhoza kuchotsedwa mwa opaleshoni). Njira ya opaleshoni imadalira malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho komanso thanzi la wodwalayo. Njira zopangira opaleshoni zocheperako nthawi zambiri zimakonda kuchepetsa nthawi yochira komanso zovuta.

Kusankha Njira Yoyenera ya Chithandizo

Kusankha mulingo woyenera kwambiri chithandizo chapamwamba cha khansa ya m'mapapo kumafuna kulingalira mosamala zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo siteji ndi mtundu wa khansara, thanzi lonse la wodwalayo, ndi zotsatirapo zake. Gulu losiyanasiyana la akatswiri azachipatala, kuphatikiza akatswiri a oncologists, maopaleshoni, ndi ma radiation oncologists, akuyenera kugwirizana kuti apange dongosolo lachithandizo lamunthu logwirizana ndi zosowa za wodwalayo. Kulankhulana momasuka ndi gulu lanu lazaumoyo ndikofunikira nthawi yonseyi chithandizo ndondomeko.

Chodzikanira: Izi ndi zongophunzitsa zokha ndipo siziyenera kutengedwa ngati upangiri wachipatala. Nthawi zonse funsani ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino zachipatala kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiza matenda aliwonse.

Magwero: [Tsopano sankhani magwero odalirika a ziwerengero ndi zambiri zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi. Phatikizani maulalo amawebusayiti ofunikira kuchokera kumabungwe odziwika bwino monga National Cancer Institute (NCI) kapena American Lung Association (ALA).]