chithandizo chamankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji pafupi ndi ine

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya M'mapapo ndi Gawo: Chitsogozo Chokwanira Njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo zimasiyana kwambiri kutengera gawo la khansayo. Bukhuli likupereka chithunzithunzi chamankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe alipo, momwe amathandizira pamagawo osiyanasiyana, ndi mfundo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira popanga chisankho chamankhwala. Kumbukirani, chidziwitsochi ndi chidziwitso chambiri ndipo sichiyenera kuloweza m'malo mwa dokotala wodziwa bwino za oncologist. Nthawi zonse funsani upangiri wachipatala pazochitika zanu zenizeni.

Kumvetsetsa Magawo a Khansa Yam'mapapo

Gawo la khansa ya m'mapapo ndilofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe njira yabwino kwambiri chithandizo chamankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji pafupi ndi ine. Dongosolo la magawo limagwiritsa ntchito manambala achi Roma (I-IV) kugawa kuchuluka kwa khansa, ine kukhala woyamba komanso IV kukhala wotsogola kwambiri. Gawoli limatsimikiziridwa kudzera mu mayesero osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo kujambula zithunzi (CT, PET), biopsy, ndi bronchoscopy. Kudziwa siteji kumathandiza gulu lanu lachipatala kuti lipangire ndondomeko yoyenera komanso yothandiza kwambiri ya mankhwala.

Gawo I la khansa ya m'mapapo

Khansara ya m'mapapo ya Gawo 1 imapezeka komweko, kutanthauza kuti sinafalikire kupyola m'mapapo. Njira zochizira zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection), yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsatiridwa ndi adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy) kuti athetse ma cell a khansa omwe atsala pang'ono.

Gawo II Khansa ya m'mapapo

Gawo II likuwonetsa kuti khansayo yakula kapena yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes omwe ali pafupi. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo opaleshoni, yomwe nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi adjuvant chemotherapy kapena radiation therapy, kutengera mawonekedwe a chotupacho komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Gawo III Khansa yam'mapapo

Mu Gawo III, khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes kapena ziwalo zapafupi. Njira zochizira zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo zingaphatikizepo kuphatikiza mankhwala amphamvu a chemotherapy, ma radiation therapy (kuphatikizapo stereotactic body radiation therapy - SBRT), komanso opaleshoni yomwe ingakhalepo ngati khansayo imatengedwa kuti ndi yotheka pambuyo pa neoadjuvant (pre-opaleshoni).

Gawo IV Khansa yam'mapapo

Gawo IV, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti metastatic lung cancer, limatanthawuza kuti khansa yafalikira kumadera akutali a thupi. Kuchiza kumayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera matendawa ndikuwongolera moyo wabwino, nthawi zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chomwe mukufuna, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, ndi chithandizo chothandizira.

Njira Zochizira Khansa Yam'mapapo

Njira zingapo zochiritsira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili komanso momwe wodwalayo alili. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

Opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ikufuna kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa ndi ma lymph nodes omwe ali pafupi. Pali maopaleshoni osiyanasiyana, kuyambira njira zosautsa pang'ono mpaka zochotsa zochulukirapo. Kuyenerera kwa opaleshoni kumadalira siteji ya khansa, thanzi la wodwalayo, ndi malo ndi kukula kwa chotupacho.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti aphe maselo a khansa m'thupi lonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni (neoadjuvant), pambuyo pa opaleshoni (adjuvant), kapena ngati chithandizo choyambirira cha khansa yamapapo yapamwamba. Mankhwala odziwika bwino a chemotherapy amaphatikizapo cisplatin, carboplatin, ndi paclitaxel.

Chithandizo cha radiation

Thandizo la radiation limagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri kulunjika ndikuwononga maselo a khansa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena, monga chemotherapy kapena opaleshoni. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira ma radiation, kuphatikiza ma radiation akunja (EBRT) ndi brachytherapy.

Chithandizo Chachindunji

Thandizo loyang'aniridwa limagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ma cell a khansa, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo athanzi. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito posokoneza mamolekyu ena omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa khansa ndikufalikira. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo EGFR inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib) ndi ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, alectinib).

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Zimagwira ntchito pokulitsa luso la chitetezo chamthupi kuti lizindikire ndikuwononga maselo a khansa kapena kutsekereza zizindikiro zomwe zimalepheretsa chitetezo chamthupi kuukira maselo a khansa. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab).

Kupeza Kuchiza Njira Zochizira Khansa Yam'mapapo Ndi Stage Near Me

Kupeza chisamaliro choyenera pafupi ndi inu kumafuna kulingalira mozama. Yambani ndikufunsani dokotala wanu wamkulu, yemwe angakulozereni kwa oncologist wodziwa za khansa ya m'mapapo. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito zida zapaintaneti kuti mupeze akatswiri a oncologists mdera lanu. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsimikizira ziyeneretso ndi zochitika za wothandizira zaumoyo aliyense musanapange nthawi yokumana. Ganizirani zinthu monga zipatala, mbiri yake, ndi ukatswiri wa oncologist pochiza magawo osiyanasiyana a khansa ya m'mapapo. Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute https://www.baofahospital.com/ imapereka chisamaliro chokwanira cha khansa ya m'mapapo, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono komanso akatswiri odziwa zambiri.

Mfundo Zofunika

Kumbukirani kuti mkhalidwe wa munthu aliyense ndi wapadera. Zosankha zachipatala ziyenera kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi gulu lanu lazaumoyo, kuganizira zinthu monga siteji ya khansara, mtundu wa khansa ya m'mapapo (khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaing'ono kapena khansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo), thanzi la wodwalayo, ndi zomwe amakonda.

Chodzikanira

Izi ndi zongophunzitsa zokha komanso sizikupanga upangiri wamankhwala. Ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino zachipatala kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiza matenda aliwonse. Zomwe zaperekedwa pano sizolowa m'malo mwa upangiri wachipatala, matenda, kapena chithandizo. Nthawi zonse funsani upangiri wa dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo woyenerera ndi mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo okhudzana ndi matenda. Osanyalanyaza malangizo achipatala kapena kuchedwetsa kuwapeza chifukwa cha zomwe mwawerenga patsamba lino.