mankhwala njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji

Njira Zochizira Khansa ya M'mapapo ndi StageTreatment za khansa ya m'mapapo zimasiyana kwambiri kutengera gawo la matendawa. Bukuli likufotokoza za chithandizo chomwe chilipo pagawo lililonse, ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kuti mumvetsetse zomwe mungasankhe ndikusankha mwanzeru.

Kumvetsetsa Magawo a Khansa Yam'mapapo

Gawo la khansa ya m'mapapo ndilofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe zoyenera mankhwala njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji. Dongosolo la siteji limagwiritsa ntchito manambala (I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IV) ndi zilembo (A, B) pofotokoza kukula kwa khansa, poganizira kukula kwa chotupa, kukhudzidwa kwa ma lymph node, ndi metastasis (kufalikira ku ziwalo zakutali).

Gawo I la khansa ya m'mapapo

Gawo loyamba la khansa ya m'mapapo imapezeka m'mapapo. Njira zochizira pagawoli nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo: Opaleshoni: Kuchotsa chotupacho ndi opaleshoni yoyamba, mwachitsanzo, lobectomy (kuchotsa lobe ya m'mapapo) kapena pneumonectomy (kuchotsa mapapu onse). Chigamulo chokhudza kukula kwa opaleshoniyo chimadalira pa zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa chotupacho ndi malo ake. Mwachitsanzo, chotupa chaching'ono chimangofunika kudulidwa (kuchotsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka m'mapapo). Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, chithandizo cha adjuvant chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chiwongolero cha nthawi yayitali chikhululuke. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT): Kuchiza kwa radiation komwe kumayang'aniridwa kwambiri kumapereka kuchuluka kwa ma radiation ku chotupacho osakhudza kwambiri minofu yathanzi yozungulira. Nthawi zambiri ndi njira kwa odwala omwe sali ofuna opaleshoni.

Gawo II Khansa ya m'mapapo

Gawo lachiwiri la khansa ya m'mapapo limawonetsa chotupa chokulirapo kapena kukhudzidwa kwa ma lymph nodes omwe ali pafupi. Njira zochizira zingaphatikizepo: Opaleshoni: Mofanana ndi Gawo I, opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imakhala chithandizo choyambirira, chomwe chimafuna kuchotsa chotupa chonse. Njira yeniyeni ya opaleshoni idzadalira kukula kwa chotupacho ndi malo ake. Njira zopangira opaleshoni zimatha kuchokera ku lobectomy kupita ku pneumonectomy. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni (neoadjuvant) kapena pambuyo (adjuvant) kuti muchepetse zotsatira za chithandizo. Chithandizo cha radiation: Thandizo la radiation, kuphatikizapo SBRT kapena mankhwala ochiritsira ochiritsira akunja, angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena ophatikizana ndi opaleshoni ndi/kapena chemotherapy.

Gawo IIIA Khansa Yam'mapapo

Mu Gawo IIIA, khansara yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes pafupi kapena ili ndi zotupa zazikulu. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo: Opaleshoni (ngati nkotheka): Kuchotsa opaleshoni kungakhale njira kwa odwala ena, kutsatiridwa ndi adjuvant chemotherapy ndi/kapena ma radiation. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy nthawi zambiri imakhala mwala wapangodya wamankhwala, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi ma radiation. Chithandizo cha radiation: Chemoradiation (chemotherapy ndi radiation therapy yoperekedwa nthawi imodzi) ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya khansa ya m'mapapo ya Gawo IIIA.

Gawo IIIB Khansa Yam'mapapo

Gawo IIIB limakhudza kukhudzidwa kwa ma lymph node ndi/kapena zotupa zazikulu. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimayang'ana pa: Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy ndiye chithandizo choyambirira cha siteji iyi, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi ma radiation. Chithandizo cha radiation: Thandizo la chemoradiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Chithandizo Chachindunji: Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi masinthidwe enieni amtundu m'maselo awo otupa, njira zochiritsira zomwe zimayang'aniridwa zitha kuganiziridwa kuwonjezera pamankhwala ena.

Gawo IV Khansa yam'mapapo

Gawo IV khansa ya m'mapapo imasonyeza kuti khansayo yafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali. Chithandizo chimakhala ndi cholinga chowongolera matendawa ndikusintha moyo wabwino. Zosankha zikuphatikizapo: Chemotherapy: Systemic chemotherapy ndiyo njira yoyamba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena. Chithandizo Chachindunji: Njira zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi masinthidwe apadera a chibadwa, pofuna kulepheretsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy imathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Zawonetsa kupambana kwakukulu mwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya Stage IV. Chithandizo cha radiation: Thandizo la radiation lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza madera ena a metastasis kuti achepetse zizindikiro komanso kusintha moyo wawo. Chisamaliro chapalliative ndi chofunikira kwambiri pothana ndi zizindikiro ndikuwonetsetsa chitonthozo cha odwala.

Kusankha Chithandizo Choyenera

Zabwino kwambiri mankhwala njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo ndi siteji zimadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo thanzi lonse la wodwalayo, siteji ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'mapapo, ndi zomwe amakonda. Ndikofunikira kuti mukambirane mwatsatanetsatane ndi oncologist wanu kuti mupange dongosolo lamankhwala lamunthu. Kumbukirani, mankhwala angapo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mophatikiza. Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute https://www.baofahospital.com/ imapereka ukatswiri wambiri m'derali.

Chidziwitso chofunikira:

Izi ndizomwe zimadziwika bwino ndipo sizipanga upangiri wamankhwala. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wodziwa bwino zachipatala kuti mudziwe ndi kuchiza khansa ya m'mapapo. Mapulani a munthu aliyense payekha ayenera kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili.