kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva

Kurapwa Kwegomarara reMapapu neNhanho: Iyo Yakakwana Inotungamira Nzira dzekurapa cancer yemapapu dzinosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nedanho regomarara. Gwaro iri rinopa mucherechedzo wemarapirwo edanho rega rega, richisimbisa kukosha kwekukurumidza kutariswa uye kutarisirwa kwemunhu. Isu tichaongorora sarudzo dzekuvhiya, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, yakanangwa kurapwa, uye immunotherapy, pamwe nerutsigiro rwekutarisira. Rangarira, ruzivo urwu nderweruzivo rwese uye harufanire kutsiva kubvunzana nenyanzvi yekurapa.

Kunzwisisa Matanho eCancer Lung

Gomarara remapapu rinoitwa pachishandiswa hurongwa hunotsanangura kukura nenzvimbo yebundu racho, ringave rapararira kumalymph nodes ari pedyo, uye kuti rine metastasized (rakapararira) kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri. Iyo staging system inobatsira vanachiremba kuona nzira yakanaka ye kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva. Matanho anowanzo kuverengerwa kubva kuI kusvika kuIV, ini ndiri wekutanga uye IV ndiri wepamberi.

Stage I Lung Cancer

Muchikamu chekutanga kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva kazhinji kunosanganisira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu uye matishu emapapu akapoteredza. Iyo chaiyo nzira inoenderana nenzvimbo uye saizi yebundu. Dzimwe nguva, adjuvant chemotherapy kana radiation therapy inogona kukurudzirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuderedza njodzi yekudzokazve. Kuonekwa kwekutanga panguva ino kunowedzera zvakanyanya kufungidzira.

Danho rechipiri kenza yemapapu

Danho II kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva kazhinji kunosanganisira kuvhiyiwa, kazhinji kunoteverwa neadjuvant chemotherapy kana radiation therapy. Kukura kwekuvhiyiwa kunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekukura kwebundu uye nzvimbo. Chinangwa ndechekubvisa bundu zvachose uye kudzivirira kudzoka zvakare.

Danho rechitatu kenza yemapapu

Danho III kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva yakanyanya kuoma uye inogona kusanganisira mishonga yakasanganiswa. Sarudzo dzinosanganisira kuvhiyiwa (kana zvichibvira), chemotherapy, uye neradiation therapy. Iyi nhanho inowanzo patsanurwa (IIIA, IIIB) kutungamira sarudzo dzekurapa. Kufambira mberi kwemaitiro emwaranzi, senge stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), yakavandudza mhedzisiro yevamwe varwere vane Stage III yemapapu cancer.

Danho IV kenza yemapapu

Danho IV kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva inonzi metastatic, zvinoreva kuti gomarara rapararira kune nhengo dziri kure. Kurapa kunotarisa kugadzirisa zviratidzo, kuvandudza hupenyu, uye kuwedzera kurarama. Sarudzo dzingasanganisira chemotherapy, kurapa kwakanangwa (zvinodhaka zvinonangidzira maseru egomarara), uye immunotherapy (iyo inoshandisa immune system yemuviri kurwisa cancer). Miedzo yemakiriniki inogonawo kutariswa.

Kurapa Sarudzo dzeGomarara remapapu

Nzira dzekurapa dzinoverengeka dziripo, imwe neimwe iine seti yayo yezvibatsiro uye njodzi. Kusarudzwa kwekurapwa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati kuti, zvinosanganisira danho regomarara, utano hwemurwere hwese, uye zvaanoda. Nguva dzose kurukurai nzira dzekurapa nachiremba wenyu.

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiyiwa ndiko kunowanzo kurapa kwekutanga kenza yemapapu. Nzira dzekuvhiya dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye kukura kwebundu. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira lobectomy (kubviswa kwelobe yemapapu), pneumonectomy (kubviswa kwemapapu ose), kana wedge resection (kubviswa kwechikamu chidiki chemapapu). Minimally invasive nzira dzekuvhiya, dzakadai sevhidhiyo-inobatsira thoracoscopic kuvhiyiwa (VATS), iri kuwedzera kuwanda.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy inoshandisa mwaranzi ine simba guru kuuraya masero egomarara. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana kusanganiswa nemamwe marapirwo. External beam radiation therapy ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mhando. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, brachytherapy (internal radiation therapy) inogona kushandiswa.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy inoshandisa mishonga kuuraya masero egomarara mumuviri wese. Inogona kushandiswa kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitwa (neoadjuvant chemotherapy), mushure mekuvhiyiwa (adjuvant chemotherapy), kana sekutanga kurapwa kwegomarara remapapu repamusoro.

Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy inoshandisa mishonga inotarisa chaiwo mamorekuru anobatanidzwa mukukura kwekenza. Mishonga iyi inoshanda zvakanyanya kune mamwe marudzi egomarara remapapu uye inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe marapirwo.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy inobatsira immune system kurwisa cancer maseru. Mhando dzinoverengeka dze immunotherapy dziripo kune kenza yemapapu. Mishonga iyi iri kuramba yakakosha mukurwisa gomarara remapapu.

Kutsigira Kuchengetedza

Kutsigira kuchengetedza kwakakosha mukati mese kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva process. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvakadai sekurwadziwa, kuneta, uye kupera kwekufema; kupa rubatsiro rwekudya; uye kupa rubatsiro rwepfungwa uye rwepfungwa. Palliative care inotarisana nekuvandudza hupenyu hwevarwere vane advanced-stage cancer cancer.

Kuwana Kutarisira Kwakakodzera

Kukurumidza kuonekwa uye kuongororwa kwakakosha kuti ubudirire kurapwa kenza yemapapu pachikuva. Kana uchinetseka nezvegomarara remapapu, bvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano nekukasika. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve kutarisirwa kwegomarara kwepamusoro uye kutsvagisa, unogona kutsvaga zviwanikwa kubva kumasangano ane mukurumbira akadai seNational Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/). Kune avo vari kutsvaga rubatsiro rwakanyanya, the Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute inopa masevhisi akakwana.

Danho	Zvakajairika Kurapa Sarudzo
Ini & II	Kuvhiya, dzimwe nguva kunoteverwa nechemotherapy kana radiation therapy.
III	Kuvhiya (kana zvichibvira), chemotherapy, neradiation therapy.
IV	Chemotherapy, yakanangwa kurapa, immunotherapy, inotsigira kuchengetedza.