hlahala bokong

Lihlahala tsa boko ke mela e sa tloaelehang bokong e ka sitisang tšebetso ea bona e tloaelehileng. Ho lemoha kapele le kalafo e nepahetseng ke tsa bohlokwa bakeng sa ho laola maemo ana. Tataiso ena e felletseng e akaretsa lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le lihlahala bokong, ho kenyeletsoa matšoao a bona, tlhahlobo, le likhetho tsa morao-rao tsa kalafo tse fumanehang litsing tse etellang pele joalo ka Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Kankere sa Shandong Baofa.Lehlahala la Boko ke eng?A hlahala bokong ke boima kapa kgolo ya disele tse sa tloaelehang bokong. Lihlahala tsena e ka ba tse kotsi (tse se nang mofetše) kapa tse kotsi (monkere). Lihlahala tse kotsi li ka hōla ka potlako 'me tsa hlasela lisele tse potolohileng boko, ha lihlahala tse kotsi li atisa ho hōla butle 'me li sa khone ho ata. Mefuta ena ka bobeli ea lihlahala e ka baka mathata a bohlokoa ka ho beha khatello bokong le ho senya tšebetso ea eona e tloaelehileng. Ho Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Kankere sa Shandong Baofa, re ikemiselitse ho fumana litharollo tse sehang tsa mofetše, ho kenyeletsoa lihlahala bokong.Mefuta ea Lihlahala BokongLihlahala tsa boko li hlophisoa ho latela mofuta oa sele eo li hlahang ho eona le boitšoaro ba tsona. Mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa: Gliomas: Tsena ke mefuta e atileng haholo ea hlahala bokong le ho hlaha liseleng tsa glial, tse tšehetsang lisele tsa methapo bokong. Mehlala e kenyelletsa astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, le glioblastomas. Meningiomas: Lihlahala tsena li hlaha ho tsoa ho meninges, lera le pota-potileng le ho sireletsa boko le lesapo la mokokotlo. Hangata ba na le botho. Acoustic Neuromas (Schwannomas): Lihlahala tsena li hōla mothapong oa vestibulocochlear, o kopanyang tsebe e ka hare le boko. Lihlahala tsa Pituitary: Lihlahala tsena li hlaha tšoeleseng ea pituitary, e leng tšoelesa e nyenyane e karolong e ka tlaase ea boko e laolang tlhahiso ea lihomone. Metastatic Brain Tumors: Lihlahala tsena li etsahala ha lisele tsa mofetše tse tsoang likarolong tse ling tsa 'mele, joalo ka matšoafo, letsoele kapa letlalo, li namela bokong.Matšoao a Lihlahala Bokong hlahala bokong e ka fapana haholo ho latela boholo ba hlahala, sebaka, le sekhahla sa ho hōla. Matšoao a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa: Hlooho: Hangata ho mpefala hoseng 'me ho ka tsamaea le ho nyekeloa ke pelo kapa ho hlatsa. Ho tsieleha: E ka ba letšoao la pele la a hlahala bokong. Mathata a Pono: Ho bona lerootho, ho bona habeli, kapa ho lahleheloa ke pono ea peripheral. Mathata a Puo: Bothata ba ho bua kapa ho utloisisa puo. Bofokoli kapa Bohatsu: Matsohong kapa maotong. Mathata a Tekanyo: Bothata ba ho tsamaya kapa ho baballa. Liphetoho Bothong Kapa Boitšoarong: Ho teneha, pherekano, kapa mathata a mohopolo.Tlhahlobo ea Lihlahala tsa BokoHo hlahloba a hlahala bokong ka tloaelo e kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea methapo ea kutlo le liteko tsa ho etsa litšoantšo.Tlhatlhobo ea methapo ea kutloTlhahlobo ea methapo ea kutlo e hlahloba pono ea mokuli, kutlo, ho leka-lekana, ho hokahanngoa, matla a kelello, le ts'ebetso ea kelello. Liteko tse tloaelehileng tsa ho nka litšoantšo li kenyelletsa: MRI (Imaging ea Magnetic Resonance): E fana ka litšoantšo tse qaqileng tsa boko 'me e ka thusa ho tseba boholo, sebaka, le litšobotsi tsa a hlahala bokong. CT Scan (Computed Tomography): E sebelisa X-ray ho etsa litšoantšo tse fapaneng tsa boko. PET Scan (Positron Emission Tomography): E ka thusa ho tseba tšebetso ea metabolic ea a hlahala bokong.BiopsyA biopsy e kenyelletsa ho tlosa sampole e nyane ea linama ho hlahala bokong bakeng sa tlhahlobo ka tlas'a microscope. Sena se thusa ho tseba hore na ke hlahala ea mofuta ofe le hore na e kotsi kapa e kotsi.Treament Options for Brain TumorsTreatment for lihlahala bokong ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse ’maloa, tse akarelletsang mofuta, boholo, sebaka, le boemo ba hlahala, hammoho le bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso. Likhetho tse tloaelehileng tsa kalafo li kenyelletsa:OpereisheneOpereishene hangata ke mokhoa oa pele oa kalafo bakeng sa ho fihlella lihlahala bokong. Sepheo sa ho buuoa ke ho ntša hlahala e ngata kamoo ho ka khonehang ntle le ho senya lisele tse potolohileng boko. Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ho buoa, joalo ka opereishene ea tataiso ea setšoantšo le opereishene e fokolang haholo, e ka thusa ho ntlafatsa liphello le ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata.Kalafo ea RadiationRadiation therapy e sebelisa mahlaseli a matla ho bolaea. hlahala bokong lisele. E ka sebelisoa e le mong kapa e kopane le opereishene le chemotherapy. Mefuta ea phekolo ea mahlaseli e kenyelletsa phekolo ea mahlaseli a mahlaseli a kantle, radiosurgery ea stereotactic (mohlala, Gamma Knife), le brachytherapy.ChemotherapyChemotherapy e sebelisa lithethefatsi ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše. E ka tsamaisoa ka molomo kapa ka methapo. Hangata chemotherapy e sebelisoa ho phekola lefu le kotsi lihlahala bokong, haholo-holo li-gliomas.Targeted TherapyTargeted therapy e sebelisa lithethefatsi tse tobang ka ho khetheha litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa lisele tsa mofetše. Lithethefatsi tsena li ka thusa ho liehisa kholo ea lihlahala bokong kapa ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše ntle le ho senya lisele tse phetseng hantle. Mehlala e kenyelletsa bevacizumab (Avastin) le erlotinib (Tarceva).ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy e sebelisa sesole sa' mele ho loantša mofetše. E ka sebelisoa ho phekola mefuta e itseng ea lihlahala bokong, tse kang melanoma e nametseng bokong. Mehlala e kenyelletsa li-checkpoint inhibitors tse kang pembrolizumab (Keytruda) le nivolumab (Opdivo). lihlahala bokong. Ho nka karolo tekong ea bongaka ho ka fa bakuli monyetla oa ho fumana liphekolo tse ncha tse so fumaneheng ka bongata.Prognosis and Survival RatesThe prognosis for bakuli lihlahala bokong e fapana ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse ’maloa, ho akarelletsa le mofuta le boemo ba hlahala, lilemo tsa mokuli le bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso, le phekolo eo a e fumaneng. Litefiso tsa ho pholoha li ka tloha likhoeling tse 'maloa ho ea ho lilemo tse ngata. Mona ke mohlala oa lintlha tsa tekanyo ea ho pholoha bakeng sa lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa astrocytoma (mofuta oa glioma). Hlokomela hore tsena ke lipalo-palo tse akaretsang 'me liphello tsa motho ka mong li ka fapana: Tumor Grade 5-Year Survival Rate (hoo e ka bang) Grade I Astrocytoma (Pilocytic Astrocytoma) 80-90% Grade II Astrocytoma (Diffuse Astrocytoma) 50-70% Grade III Astrocytoma% IV Astrocytoma4% Astrocytoma4 Astrocytoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme - GBM) 5-10% Mohloli: Lintlha tse nkiloeng mehloling e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsa National Cancer Institute (NCI) le American Cancer Society (ACS). Litefiso tsena ke likhakanyo 'me li ka fapana ho ipapisitsoe le lintlha tsa mokuli ka mong.Ho Phela le Hlahala BokoHo Phela le hlahala bokong e ka ba phephetso, ’meleng le maikutlong. Lihlopha tsa ts'ehetso, tlhabollo le lits'ebeletso tsa tokiso li ka thusa bakuli le malapa a bona ho sebetsana le mathata a lihlahala bokong. Ho boloka bophelo bo botle, ho kopanyelletsa le ho ja lijo tse leka-lekaneng, ho ikoetlisa kamehla, le mekhoa ea ho laola khatello ea kelello, ho ka boela ha ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo.Lihlahala tsa boko ke maemo a rarahaneng a hlokang tlhokomelo e khethehileng. Ho lemoha kapele, tlhahlobo e nepahetseng, le kalafo e nepahetseng ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa sephetho. Haeba uena kapa motho eo u mo ratang a tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere hlahala bokong, ke habohlokoa ho batla tlhokomelo ho sehlopha sa litsebi tse fapaneng tse ka fanang ka litlhahiso tsa phekolo ea motho ka mong. Ithute haholoanyane ka lipatlisiso tsa rona tsa mofetše le likhetho tsa kalafo ho Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Kankere sa Shandong Baofa.