phekolo ea hlahala ea matsoele

Kalafo ea Tumor ea Matsoele: Tataiso e FeletsengHo Utloisisa Likhetho tsa Hao le ho Fumana Tsela e NepahetsengSengoliloeng sena se fana ka kakaretso e felletseng ea phekolo ea hlahala ea matsoele likhetho, tse u tataisang ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo. Re tla hlahloba mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo, re buisane ka litla-morao tse ka bang teng, 'me re hatise bohlokoa ba merero ea tlhokomelo ea motho ka mong e lumellanang le litlhoko le maemo a motho ka mong. Ithute ka lintlafatso tsa moraorao ho phekolo ea hlahala ea matsoele le mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa mathata a leeto lena.

Ho Utloisisa Lihlahala Tsa Matsoele

Mefuta ea Lihlahala tsa Matsoele

Lihlahala tsa matsoele li arotsoe ka bongata e le tse kotsi (tse seng mofetše) kapa tse kotsi (monkere). Lihlahala tse kotsi, tse tsejoang hape e le kankere ea matsoele, li boetse li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse nyenyane tse fapaneng ho latela lintlha tse kang ponahalo ea lisele tsa mofetše tlas'a microscope (histology), boteng ba li-receptor tsa hormone, le boemo ba lefutso la HER2. Ho utloisisa mofuta o khethehileng oa hlahala ea matsoele ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana leano le sebetsang ka ho fetisisa la phekolo. The Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) e fana ka lits'ebeletso tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahlobo ho tseba hantle mofuta oa hlahala.

Mehato ea Kankere ea Matsoele

Sethala sa kankere ea matsoele e hlalosa tekanyo ea ho ata ha kankere. Staging ke ea bohlokoa ho tataisa liqeto tsa kalafo. E shebana le boholo ba hlahala, ho ameha ha lymph nodes, le boteng ba metastase e hole. Mehato e qala ho 0 (in situ) ho isa ho IV (metastatic). Seteishene se nepahetseng se thusa lingaka ho theha moralo o hlophisitsoeng oa kalafo.

Khetho ea Phekolo ea Lihlahala tsa Matsoele

Ho buoa

Hangata opereishene ke phekolo e ka sehloohong bakeng sa kankere ea matsoele. Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho buoa, ho akarelletsa lumpectomy (ho tlosoa ha hlahala le karolo e nyenyane ea lisele tse potolohileng), mastectomy (ho ntšoa ha letsoele lohle), le axillary lymph node dissection kapa sentinel lymph node biopsy (ho tlosoa ha lymph nodes ho hlahloba hore na mofets'e o na le ho ata). Khetho ea ho buuoa e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse 'maloa, tse akarelletsang boholo ba hlahala, sebaka le sethala, hammoho le bophelo bo botle ba mokuli le lintho tseo a li ratang.

Phekolo ea Mahlaseli

Kalafo ea radiation e sebelisa mahlaseli a matla a phahameng ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše. E ka sebelisoa pele ho opereishene (neoadjuvant therapy) ho fokotsa hlahala, kamora ho buuoa (kalafo ea adjuvant) ho felisa lisele tse setseng tsa mofets'e, kapa joalo ka kalafo ea mantlha bakeng sa mefuta e itseng ea kalafo. kankere ea matsoele. Litla-morao li ka kenyelletsa ho hlohlona ha letlalo, mokhathala le ho ruruha ha matsoele.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy e kenyelletsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše. Hangata e sebelisoa ka mokhoa oa tsamaiso (ho ama 'mele oohle) ho phekola metastatic kankere ea matsoele kapa ho thibela ho hlaha hape kamora ho buuoa. Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, le mokhathala.

Phekolo ea Hormone

Kalafo ea li-hormone e sebelisoa ho thibela liphello tsa li-hormone tse fehlang khōlo ea mefuta e meng ea kankere ea matsoele. E sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho li-hormone-receptor-positive kankere ea matsoele. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea phekolo ea li-hormone, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le litla-morao tse ka bang teng.

Targeted Therapy

Phekolo e reriloeng e sebelisa lithethefatsi tse lebisang liseleng tsa mofetše ka ho khetheha ntle le ho senya lisele tse phetseng hantle. Mokhoa ona o molemo haholo ho bakuli ba nang le HER2-positive kankere ea matsoele. Mehlala e kenyelletsa Herceptin le Perjeta.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy e sebelisa sesole sa 'mele ho loantša mofetše. Mokhoa ona o batlang o le mocha o bontša tšepiso ea ho phekola mefuta e itseng ea kankere ea matsoele, haholo-holo hararo-negative kankere ea matsoele.

Ho Khetha Leano le Nepahetseng la Kalafo

Kalafo e molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa hlahala ea matsoele ho itšetlehile ka mabaka a sa tšoaneng, ho akarelletsa mofuta le boemo ba hlahala, bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso le lintho tseo motho a li ratang. Sehlopha sa litsebi tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa lingaka tse buoang, oncologists, radiologists, le litsebi tse ling tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, hangata li sebetsa 'moho ho theha moralo oa kalafo oa motho ka mong. Puisano e bulehileng pakeng tsa mokuli le sehlopha sa bongaka ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore ho na le liphello tse molemo ka ho fetisisa tse ka khonehang.

Ho phela le Kankere ea Matsoele

A kankere ea matsoele ho hlahlojoa ho ka ba thata maikutlong. Lihlopha tsa tšehetso, tlhabollo le lisebelisoa tse ling li teng ho thusa bakuli le malapa a bona ho sebetsana ka katleho le liphello tsa ’mele le tsa maikutlo tsa lefu lena le phekolo ea lona. The Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) e fana ka lits'ebeletso tse felletseng tsa ts'ehetso ho thusa bakuli leetong lohle la bona.

Liphello le Tsamaiso

Tse ngata hlahala ea matsoele liphekolo li na le litla-morao tse ka bang teng. Litla-morao tsena lia fapana ho itšetlehile ka mofuta oa phekolo le motho ka mong. Ho bohlokoa ho buisana le ngaka ea hau ka litla-morao tse ka bang teng le ho theha maano a ho li laola.

Lisebelisoa tse ling

Setsi sa Naha sa Kankere: https://www.cancer.gov/ Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere: https://www.cancer.org/

Mofuta oa Kalafo	Liphello tse ka 'nang tsa etsahala
Ho buoa	Bohloko, leqeba, tšoaetso, lymphedema
Phekolo ea Mahlaseli	Ho halefa ha letlalo, mokhathala, ho ruruha ha matsoele
Chemotherapy	Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, mokhathala

Boitlhotlhollo: Litaba tsena ke tsa sepheo sa thuto feela 'me ha lia lokela ho nkoa e le keletso ea bongaka. Kamehla buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bakeng sa mathata leha e le afe a bophelo bo botle kapa pele u etsa liqeto tse amanang le bophelo bo botle kapa phekolo ea hau.