kalafo kalafo e tsoetseng pele ea mofetše oa matšoafo

Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea Kalafo ea Kankere ea Matšoafo

Tataiso ena e felletseng e hlahloba tsoelopele ea morao-rao ho phekolo e tsoetseng pele ea kankere ea matšoafo, e fanang ka leseli mabapi le mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo, katleho ea eona, le litla-morao tse ka bang teng. Re shebana le liphekolo tse seng li ntse li le teng le tse ntseng li hlaha ho u thusa ho utloisisa likhetho tse teng le ho etsa liqeto tse nepahetseng ka ho buisana le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Ho tsamaisa mathata a phekolo e tsoetseng pele ea kankere ea matšoafo e hloka kutloisiso e felletseng ea lefu lena le liphekolo tse teng. Sengoliloeng sena se ikemiselitse ho fana ka tlhaloso eo.

Ho utloisisa Kankere e Tsoetseng Pele ea Matšoafo

Boemo le Tlhahlobo

Ka mokhoa o nepahetseng kankere ea matšoafo e tsoetseng pele ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha mokhoa o nepahetseng oa phekolo. Sena se kopanyelletsa letoto la litlhahlobo, ho kopanyelletsa le imaging scans (CT, PET), biopsy le liteko tsa mali. Mokhahlelo oa mofetše-ebang o tsoetse pele sebakeng sa heno kapa oa metastatic-o ama khetho ea kalafo haholo. Ho utloisisa lintlha tse tobileng tsa tlhahlobo ea hau ke mohato oa pele oa ho theha moralo oa kalafo oa motho ka mong.

Mefuta ea Kankere ea Matšoafo e tsoetseng pele

Kankere e tsoetseng pele ea matšoafo e kenyelletsa mofets'e o monyane oa lisele tsa matšoafo (SCLC) le mofets'e o seng o monyane oa lisele tsa matšoafo (NSCLC). NSCLC e ikarabella bakeng sa boholo ba linyeoe tsa mofetše oa matšoafo 'me e boetse e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse nyane (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, cell carcinoma e kholo), e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e ka arabela ka tsela e fapaneng ho liphekolo tse fapaneng. Phapang ena ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho roka phekolo maano.

Mekhoa ea Kalafo Bakeng sa Kankere e Hatetseng Pele ea Matšoafo

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy e ntse e le motheo oa phekolo e tsoetseng pele ea kankere ea matšoafo. E akarelletsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše, tseo hangata li tsamaisoang ka methapo. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea chemotherapy, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etselitsoeng mofuta le sethala sa mofetše. Khetho ea mokhoa oa phekolo e shebana le lintlha tse kang bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso le boteng ba liphetoho tse itseng tsa lefutso. Lisebelisoa tsa chemotherapeutic tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa cisplatin, carboplatin, le paclitaxel. Litla-morao lia fapana empa li ka kenyelletsa ho nyekeloa ke pelo, mokhathala le ho lahleheloa ke moriri.

Targeted Therapy

Litlhare tse reriloeng li shebana le limolek'hule tse itseng tse tsamaisang kholo ea mofetše. Liphekolo tsena li sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho bakuli ba nang le liphetoho tse itseng tsa lefutso, tse kang EGFR, ALK, ROS1, kapa BRAF liphetoho. Mehlala e kenyelletsa EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) joaloka gefitinib le erlotinib, le ALK inhibitors joaloka crizotinib. Katleho ea phekolo e lebisitsoeng ho itšetlehile ka boteng ba matšoao a itseng a lefutso a khetholloang ka tlhahlobo ea biopsy. Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Kankere sa Shandong Baofa e fana ka tlhahlobo e tsoetseng pele ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho tataisa liqeto tsa motho ka mong tsa kalafo.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy e sebelisa sesole sa 'mele ho loantša mofetše. Li-immune checkpoint inhibitors, tse kang pembrolizumab le nivolumab, li thibela liprotheine tse thibelang sesole sa 'mele ho hlasela lisele tsa mofetše. Lithethefatsi tsena li fetohile phetoho ea phekolo ea ba bang kankere ea matšoafo e tsoetseng pele, e lebisang ntlafatsong e kholo ea litekanyetso tsa ho pholoha. Leha ho le joalo, immunotherapy ha e sebetse ho bakuli bohle, 'me litla-morao li ka kenyelletsa mokhathala le liketsahalo tse mpe tse amanang le' mele oa ho itšireletsa mafung.

Phekolo ea Mahlaseli

Kalafo ea radiation e sebelisa mahlaseli a matla ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše. E ka sebelisoa ho fokotsa lihlahala, ho kokobetsa matšoao, kapa ho ntlafatsa katleho ea liphekolo tse ling. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) ke mofuta o nepahetseng haholo oa mahlaseli o fetisang litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa mahlaseli sebakeng se senyenyane, ho fokotsa tšenyo ho lisele tse phetseng hantle tse potolohileng. Kalafo ea mahlaseli e ka baka litla-morao tse kang ho teneha ha letlalo le mokhathala.

Ho buoa

Ho buuoa e ka 'na ea e-ba khetho bakeng sa bakuli ba bang ba nang le tsoelo-pele ea lehae kankere ea matšoafo, haholo-holo haeba hlahala e ka khutlisoa (e ka tlosoa ka opereishene). Mokhoa oa ho buuoa o itšetlehile ka sebaka le boholo ba hlahala le bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso. Mekhoa e fokolang ea ho buoa hangata e khethoa ho fokotsa nako ea ho hlaphoheloa le mathata.

Ho Khetha Leano le Nepahetseng la Kalafo

Ho khetha e nepahetseng phekolo e tsoetseng pele ea kankere ea matšoafo ho hloka hore ho hlahlojoe ka hloko lintlha tse ’maloa, ho akarelletsa boemo le mofuta oa kankere, bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso le litla-morao tse ka ’nang tsa hlaha. Sehlopha se fapaneng sa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, ho kenyeletsoa li-oncologists, lingaka tse buoang, le li-radiation oncologists, li lokela ho sebelisana 'moho ho theha leano la motho ka mong la kalafo le lumellanang le litlhoko tsa mokuli ka mong. Puisano e bulehileng le sehlopha sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ke ea bohlokoa nakong eohle phekolo tshebetso.

Boitlhotlhollo: Boitsebiso bona bo reretsoe merero ea thuto feela 'me ha boa lokela ho nkoa e le keletso ea bongaka. Kamehla buisana le setsebi se tšoanelehang sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea boemo bofe kapa bofe ba bongaka.

Mehloli: [Ngola mehloli e tšepahalang bakeng sa lipalo-palo le tlhahisoleseding e boletsoeng sehloohong. Kenyelletsa likhokahano tsa liwebsaete tse amehang tse tsoang mekhatlong e tsebahalang joalo ka National Cancer Institute (NCI) kapa American Lung Association (ALA).]