unyango lwebele ithumba

Unyango lwethumba lamabele: IsiKhokelo esiBanziUkuqonda iiNdlela zakho eziKhethekileyo kunye nokuFumana iNdlela eLungileyo Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi unyango lwebele ithumba iinketho, ezikukhokelayo kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokuxilongwa kunye nokunyamekela. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, sixoxe ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye sigxininise ukubaluleka kwezicwangciso zokhathalelo lomntu ezilungiselelwe iimfuno kunye neemeko zomntu ngamnye. Funda malunga nenkqubela phambili yamva nje unyango lwebele ithumba kunye nendlela yokukhangela ubunzima bolu hambo.

Ukuqonda amathumba ebele

Iindidi zamathumba ebele

Amathumba amabele ahlelwa ngokubanzi njenge-benign (engenawo umhlaza) okanye enobungozi (umhlaza). Amathumba anobungozi, aziwa ngokuba umhlaza wamabele, ziphinde zihlelwe kwii-subtypes ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nokubonakala kweeseli zomhlaza phantsi kwe-microscope (histology), ubukho be-hormone receptors, kunye nesimo se-HER2 gene. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile lwe ithumba lebele ibalulekile ekumiseleni esona sicwangciso sisebenzayo sonyango. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa (https://www.baofahospital.com/) inikezela ngeenkonzo zokuxilonga eziphambili ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo uhlobo lwethumba.

Amanqanaba oMhlaza wamabele

Inqanaba le umhlaza wamabele ichaza ubungakanani bokunwenwa komhlaza. Iqonga libalulekile ekukhokheleni izigqibo zonyango. Iqwalasela ubukhulu bethumba, ukubandakanyeka kwee-lymph nodes, kunye nobukho beemetastases ezikude. Amanqanaba aqala kwi-0 (in situ) ukuya kwi-IV (metastatic). Ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo kunceda oogqirha baphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo.

Iinketho zoNyango lwamathumba ebele

Utyando

Utyando luhlala lolona nyango luphambili umhlaza wamabele. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zotyando, kuquka i-lumpectomy (ukususwa kwethumba kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu ezijikelezileyo), i-mastectomy (ukususwa kwebele lonke), kunye ne-axillary lymph node dissection okanye i-sentinel lymph node biopsy (ukususwa kwee-lymph nodes ukujonga ukusasazeka komhlaza). Ukhetho lotyando luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubungakanani bethumba, indawo, kunye nenqanaba, kunye nempilo yesigulana kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (unyango lwe-neoadjuvant) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (unyango lwe-adjuvant) ukuphelisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo, okanye njengonyango oluphambili lweentlobo ezithile zomhlaza. umhlaza wamabele. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, ukudinwa, nokudumba kwebele.

Unyango ngamachiza

Unyango ngamachiza lubandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ihlala isetyenziselwa inkqubo (echaphazela umzimba wonke) ukunyanga i-metastatic umhlaza wamabele okanye ukuthintela ukuvela kwakhona emva kotyando. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka isicaphucaphu, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nokudinwa.

Unyango lweHormone

Unyango lweHormone lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela iziphumo zeehomoni ezibangela ukukhula kolunye uhlobo umhlaza wamabele. Isebenza ngakumbi kwi-hormone-receptor-positive umhlaza wamabele. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-hormone ziyafumaneka, nganye ineseti yayo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni. Le ndlela iluncedo kakhulu kwizigulane ezine-HER2-positive umhlaza wamabele. Imizekelo ibandakanya uHerceptin kunye nePerjeta.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Le ndlela intsha ngokwentelekiso ibonisa isithembiso ekunyangeni iintlobo ezithile umhlaza wamabele, ingakumbi i-triple-negative umhlaza wamabele.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Olona nyango lungcono ithumba lebele kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka uhlobo nenqanaba lethumba, impilo yesigulana xa iyonke, nezinto azikhethayo. Iqela leengcaphephe ezininzi, kubandakanywa oogqirha botyando, ii-oncologists, i-radiologists, kunye nezinye iingcali zempilo, zihlala zisebenza kunye ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango lomntu. Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo phakathi kwesigulana kunye neqela lezonyango lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa esona siphumo sifanelekileyo.

Ukuphila Nomhlaza Webele

A umhlaza wamabele Ukuxilongwa kunokuba ngumngeni ngokweemvakalelo. Amaqela enkxaso, iingcebiso, kunye nezinye izibonelelo ziyafumaneka ukunceda izigulane kunye neentsapho zabo ukuhlangabezana nemiphumo yomzimba kunye neemvakalelo zesi sifo kunye nonyango lwaso. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa (https://www.baofahospital.com/) ibonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ezibanzi ekuncedeni izigulane kulo lonke uhambo lwazo.

Iziphumo eziPhakamileyo kunye noLawulo

Abaninzi ithumba lebele unyango lunokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango kunye nomntu. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nogqirha wakho kwaye uphuhlise iindlela zokuzilawula.

Izibonelelo ezingaphaya

Iziko leSizwe loMhlaza: https://www.cancer.gov/ Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika: https://www.cancer.org/

Uhlobo loNyango	Iimpembelelo ezinokuba khona
Utyando	Iintlungu, ukukrala, usulelo, i-lymphedema
Unyango ngemitha	Ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, ukudinwa, ukudumba kwebele
Unyango ngamachiza	Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.