umhlaza kwizintso

Ukuqonda uMhlaza Wezintso: Iintlobo, Iimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, kunye noNyango

Umhlaza wezintso, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-renal cell carcinoma (RCC), sisifo apho iiseli ezinomhlaza zenza kwizicubu zezintso enye okanye zombini. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze umhlaza kwizintso, iimpawu zabo, iindlela zokuxilonga, iindlela zonyango, kunye nokubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangoko. Siza kuxoxa kwakhona ngenkqubela phambili yamva nje kuphando kwaye sibonelele ngezibonelelo zolwazi olungaphezulu kunye nenkxaso.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza wezintso

IiRenal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

I-RCC lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wezintso, olubalelwa malunga ne-90% yamatyala. Iintlobo ezininzi ze-RCC zikhona, nganye ineempawu zayo kunye ne-prognosis. Ezi subtypes zihlala zimiselwa ngovavanyo lwemicroscope yesampulu ye-biopsy. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile olusezantsi lubalulekile ekumiseleni eyona ndlela yonyango. Olunye ulwazi malunga nee-subtypes ezithile ze-RCC zinokufumaneka ngokusebenzisa izibonelelo zonyango ezihloniphekileyo kunye ne-oncologists.

I-Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC)

I-TCC ikhula kumlenja we-renal pelvis, isakhiwo esimile njengefuneli esiqokelela umchamo kwizintso. Ayiqhelekanga kune-RCC kodwa inokuba ndlongondlongo ukuba ayibonwa kwangethuba. Iimpawu zihlala zilinganisa ezinye zeminye imiba yendlela yomchamo, ziqaqambisa imfuno yonyango olukhawulezileyo xa ufumana iingxaki eziqhubekayo zokuchama.

Ezinye Rare Kidney Cancers

Ngelixa i-RCC kunye ne-TCC zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo, ezinye iindlela ezinqabileyo zomhlaza wezintso zikhona. Ezi ngokuqhelekileyo azixhaphakanga kwaye zinokufuna iindlela zonyango ezikhethekileyo. Ukubonisana nengcali kubalulekile ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa konyango kwezi ndlela zingaxhaphakanga kakhulu umhlaza kwizintso.

Iimpawu zoMhlaza Wezintso

Inqanaba lokuqala umhlaza kwizintso ihlala ibonakalisa ngaphandle kweempawu ezibonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umhlaza uqhubeka, iimpawu ezininzi zinokuvela. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Igazi kumchamo (hematuria)
• Igaqa okanye ubunzima esiswini
• Intlungu engapheliyo yomqolo okanye intlungu yecala
• Ukunciphisa umzimba
• Ukudinwa
• Umkhuhlane
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi mpawu zinokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zonyango. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi zinto, kubalulekile ukuba udibane nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze baxilongwe ngokufanelekileyo kunye novavanyo.

Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wezintso

Ukuxilonga umhlaza kwizintso ihlala ibandakanya indibaniselwano yovavanyo kunye neenkqubo:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uya kuxilonga isisu sakho ukuba akukho namaqhuma angaqhelekanga okanye ubunzima.
• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: I-Ultrasound, i-CT scan, i-MRI, kunye ne-intravenous pyelogram (IVP) zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukujonga izintso kwaye zibone naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
• I-Biopsy: Isampulu encinci yethishu iyasuswa kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ubukho beeseli zomhlaza kunye nokumisela uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza. umhlaza kwizintso.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso kwaye kujongwe naziphi na ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza wezintso

Iinketho zonyango ze umhlaza kwizintso ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nokhetho lobuqu. Iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Utyando: Olu lolona nyango luphambili kumatyala amaninzi, kwaye lunokubandakanya i-nephrectomy engaphelelanga (ukususwa kwenxalenye yezintso) okanye i-radical nephrectomy (ukususwa kwezintso zonke).
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo: La mayeza ajolise kwiiprotheni ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza.
• Immunotherapy: Olu hlobo lonyango lunceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lusebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza.
• I-Chemotherapy: Nangona ingaphantsi kwesiqhelo kunyango lomhlaza wezintso, i-chemotherapy ingasetyenziselwa kwiimeko ezithile.

Isicwangciso sonyango esilungileyo siya kugqitywa ngokubonisana ne-oncologist kunye nezinye iingcali zempilo.

Amanqanaba oMhlaza wezintso

Umhlaza wezintso umiselwe ukumisela ubungakanani bawo kunye nezigqibo zonyango olukhokelayo. I-Staging isebenzisa inkqubo eqwalasela ubungakanani be-tumor, nokuba isasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane okanye kumalungu akude. Ukuqonda inqanaba lakho umhlaza kwizintso ibalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizizo malunga nonyango lwakho.

Uphando kunye neNkxaso

Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nenkxaso malunga umhlaza kwizintso, unganqwenela ukuphonononga izixhobo ezivela kwimibutho ethembekileyo efana neNational Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/kunye noMbutho weCancer waseMelika (https://www.cancer.org/). I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ikwazinikele ekuqhubeleni phambili ukuqonda kunye nonyango lwemihlaza eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nomhlaza wezintso.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.