China unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga eziphambili

Unyango loMhlaza weMiphunga yaseChina: Isikhokelo esiBanzi

Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi China unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga eziphambili iinketho, ukuphonononga inkqubela phambili yamva nje, izixhobo ezikhoyo, kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Siphengulula kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, siqaqambisa ukusebenza kwazo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka. Ulwazi olunikezelweyo lwenzelwe iinjongo zolwazi kuphela kwaye aluquki iingcebiso zonyango. Soloko ubonisana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo oluqeqeshelwe ukuxilongwa nonyango.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza oPhambili weLung eTshayina

Ukuxhaphaka kunye neeNkcukacha-manani

Umhlaza wamaphaphu uhlala uyinkxalabo yezempilo e-China, ebangela uninzi lokusweleka okunxulumene nomhlaza. Ukuqonda ukuxhaphaka kunye neempawu ezithile zesi sifo ngaphakathi kwimeko yaseTshayina kubalulekile kwiindlela zonyango ezisebenzayo. Izehlo kunye namazinga okusweleka ayahluka kwingingqi ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuvezwa kungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kunye nemikhwa yokutshaya. Idatha ethembekileyo malunga nokuxhaphaka okuchanekileyo kunokufumaneka kwimithombo ehloniphekileyo efana neZiko leSizwe leCancer laseChina (NCCC) kunye neWorld Health Organization (WHO). (Qaphela: Iinkcukacha-manani ezithile ziya kufuna uphando oluthe kratya kule mibutho kwaye ziya kucatshulwa ngokungcono ngokuthe ngqo kwiingxelo ezipapashiweyo).

Iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga wokuqala uhlelwa ngokubanzi ngokweendidi ezibini eziphambili: umhlaza wemiphunga weseli encinci (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongengomncinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC ixhaphake kakhulu. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile lwe Umhlaza wemiphunga waseTshayina ibalulekile njengoko ichaphazela izigqibo zonyango. Ubuchule bokucinga obukwinqanaba eliphezulu, njenge-CT scan kunye ne-PET scans, zibalulekile ukuze kufunyanwe ngokuchanekileyo uxilongo kunye nenqanaba.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu esisiseko eTshayina

Uqhaqho loKutyandwa

Kwinqanaba lokuqala Umhlaza wemiphunga waseTshayina, ukuchithwa kokuhlinzwa, kuquka i-lobectomy okanye i-pneumonectomy, ingaba yinto efanelekileyo. Ukhetho lwenkqubo luxhomekeke kubungakanani bethumba, indawo, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana. Ubuchwephesha obuncinci bokwenza utyando, njengotyando lwethoracoscopic oluncediswa yividiyo (i-VATS), lusetyenziswa ngakumbi ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki. Izinga lokuphumelela liyahluka ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lomhlaza kunye nobuchule beqela lotyando.

Unyango ngamachiza

Unyango ngamachiza lubandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda, okanye njengonyango lokuqala lwenqanaba eliphezulu. Umhlaza wemiphunga waseTshayina. Irejimeni ethile ye-chemotherapy ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha yangaphandle lwemitha lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, kodwa ibrachytherapy (imitha yangaphakathi) isenokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile. Ubuchwephesha bemitha yangoku, njengonyango lweradiation-modulated intensity-modulated radiation (IMRT), ivumela ukujoliswa okuchanekileyo kwethumba, ukunciphisa umonakalo kwizihlunu ezisempilweni ezingqongileyo.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Amachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo asebenza ngokujolisa kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Le ndlela isebenza ngokukodwa kwizigulane ezinokuguqulwa kwemfuza kwiiseli zabo zethumba. Ubukho kunye nokusebenza kweendlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo zihlala zivela.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza. I-immune checkpoint inhibitors, uhlobo lwe-immunotherapy, lubonise impumelelo enkulu ekunyangeni iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga. Olu nyango lusoloko lusetyenziswa xa ludibene nolunye unyango.

Ukukhetha iZiko loNyango oluLungileyo eTshayina

Ukukhetha iziko lezonyango elithembekileyo nelinamava China unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga eziphambili ibaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka ubuchule besibhedlele kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, amava kunye neziqinisekiso zeqela lezonyango, ubugcisa obuphezulu obukhoyo, kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso yezigulane. Uphando olucokisekileyo kunye nokufuna izimvo zesibini kucetyiswa kakhulu.

Kukhathalelo olubanzi lomhlaza, cinga ngokujonga izixhobo ezifumanekayo e IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa. Banikezela ngeendlela zonyango eziphambili kunye nemeko yenkxaso yezigulane.

Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo

Eyona ndlela yonyango ye Umhlaza wemiphunga waseTshayina kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yomguli, nezinto azikhethayo. Ukunxibelelana ngokuphandle neqela lezonyango kubalulekile ukuze wenze izigqibo ezisekelwe kulwazi. Kubalulekile ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwinkqubo yocwangciso lonyango kwaye ufune inkxaso kusapho, kubahlobo, nakumaqela enkxaso.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Nceda udibane negcisa lezempilo ukuze ufumane isikhokelo somntu kunye nonyango.