unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko

Unyango loMhlaza weMiphunga kwangethuba: Ukufunyanwa, Uxilongo, kunye noKhetho loNyango Ukubonwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango lubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo zomhlaza wemiphunga. Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko iinketho, egxininisa ukubaluleka kokuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuchaza inkqubela phambili yamva nje kwintsimi.

Ukuqonda Umhlaza Wemiphunga Yangoko

Yintoni uMhlaza weMiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala?

Umhlaza wemiphunga wesigaba sokuqala ubhekisa kumhlaza ongakhange unwenwe ngaphaya kwemiphunga okanye i-lymph nodes ezikufutshane. Oku kudla ngokuhlelwa njengezigaba I no-II ngokwenkqubo ye-TNM. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kweli nqanaba kwandisa kakhulu amathuba onyango oluyimpumelelo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Inyathelo elikhawulezileyo xa uqaphela naziphi na iimpawu, ezinjengokhohlokhohlo oluzingisileyo, ukuphefumla nzima, okanye iintlungu esifubeni, kubalulekile. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, ngakumbi kubantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubanjwe umhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko ngaphambi kokuba iqhubele phambili.

Iinkqubo zokuxilonga kuMhlaza wokuQala weMiphunga

Ukuxilonga umhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko kubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi, eziquka: I-X-reyi yesifuba: Eli lidla ngokuba linyathelo lokuqala, elibonisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinokwenzeka. I-CT Scan: Ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemiphunga kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo, inceda ukukhomba indawo yethumba kunye nobukhulu. Ibronchoscopy: Ityhubhu ebhityileyo, ebhetyebhetye enekhamera ifakwa kwimizila yomoya ukuze ibone kwaye iqokelele iisampulu zethishu. I-Biopsy: Isampuli yethishu encinci iyakhutshwa kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokumisela uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Oku kubalulekile ukumisela eyona isebenzayo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko isicwangciso. IPET Scan: IPET scan inokubona iiseli ezinomhlaza ekusenokwenzeka ukuba zanwenwela ngaphaya kwemiphunga. Oku kunceda ekuboniseni umhlaza kunye nezigqibo ezikhokelayo zonyango.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu okwinqanaba lokuqala

Ukhetho lwe unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nohlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Iinketho eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

Utyando

Utyando luhlala lolona nyango luphambili kumhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lakwangoko. Oku kunokubandakanya ukususa ithumba kunye nenxalenye yezicubu zemiphunga ezijikelezileyo (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection). Ubuchwephesha obuncinci botyando, njengotyando lwethoracic oluncediswa yividiyo (i-VATS), bahlala bekhethwa kumaxesha akhawulezayo okuchacha kunye nokuncipha kwenxeba. Ukukhethwa kweyona ndlela ilungileyo yotyando iya kuxutyushwa kunye nogqirha oqeqeshiweyo we-thoracic. Kwiimeko eziphambili, ukhetho olubanzi ngakumbi lotyando lunokuba yimfuneko.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe noqhaqho okanye ichemotherapy. Unyango lwemitha yemitha ye-stereotactic (SBRT) luhlobo oluchanekileyo lonyango lwemitha olunikezela ngeedosi eziphezulu zokusasazeka kwemitha kwithumba kwiiseshini ezimbalwa.

Unyango ngamachiza

Unyango ngamachiza lubandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa ithumba okanye emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza ngelixa unciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Le ndlela yonyango ilungiselelwe ukuguqulwa kofuzo oluthile olukhoyo kwithumba.

Iinketho zonyango oluPhezulu kunye noPhando

Uphando oluqhubekayo luqhubela phambili unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko iinketho. I-Immunotherapy, umzekelo, idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Eli licandelo elivela ngokukhawuleza elineziphumo ezithembisayo kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa izinikele ekuphononongeni nasekuphuhliseni izinto ezintsha unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko izicwangciso.

Ukuhlala kunye naNgaphaya koMhlaza weMiphuphu kwangethuba

Emva konyango, ukuqeshwa kokulandelela rhoqo kubalulekile ukubeka iliso nakuphi na ukuphindaphinda. Ukutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila, njengokuyeka ukutshaya, ukugcina ukutya okunempilo, kunye nokuzivocavoca rhoqo, kunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi kunye ne-prognosis yexesha elide. Amaqela enkxaso kunye neenkonzo zoluleko zinokubonelela ngenkxaso exabisekileyo ngokweemvakalelo nezikhokelo.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kwaye kufanelekile unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko zibalulekile kwiziphumo eziyimpumelelo. Ukuqonda iinkqubo zokuxilonga kunye neendlela zonyango ezikhoyo, kunye nokufuna ukuxilongwa rhoqo kwezonyango kunye nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo ekulweni nesi sifo. Ukubonisana ne-oncologist eqeqeshiweyo kuyacetyiswa kwisikhokelo somntu kunye nocwangciso lonyango.

UKhetho Lonyango	Iingenelo	Iingxaki
Utyando	Amazinga aphezulu onyango kumanqanaba okuqala; amandla okususwa ngokupheleleyo komhlaza.	Ifuna utyando; iingxaki ezinokubakho; ayifanelekanga kuzo zonke izigulane.
Unyango ngemitha	Ujoliso oluchanekileyo; inokusetyenziswa yodwa okanye kunye nolunye unyango; ukuhlasela kancinci.	Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga; ayinakusebenza njengotyando kuzo zonke iimeko.
Unyango ngamachiza	Ngaba iyancipha amathumba; inokusetyenziswa ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando.	Iziphumo zecala ezibalulekileyo; isenokungasebenzi kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza.