unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga

Ukuqonda indima ye unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga ibalulekile kulawulo lomhlaza wemiphunga olulolwakho nolusebenzayo. Eli nqaku liphonononga indlela uvavanyo lwemfuzo oluzisa ngayo izigqibo zonyango, iintlobo zokuguqulwa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ezifumaneka kumhlaza wemiphunga, kunye nonyango olujoliswe kwezi nguqu ezithile. unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga. Olu tshintsho lunokwenzeka kwimizila yemfuza elawula ukukhula kweeseli, ukwahlukana nokulungisa. Ukuchonga oku kuguqulwa kubalulekile kuba kunokukhokela izicwangciso zonyango kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zesigulane. KwiZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, sibeka phambili ukuqonda imo yemfuza yomhlaza wemiphunga wesigulane ngasinye.Zintoni iiNguqu zeMfuzo?Utshintsho lwemfuzo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga lutshintsho kulandelelwano lwe-DNA olunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni kweeseli okungaqhelekanga. Olu tshintsho lunokuzuzwa okanye lufunyanwe ngexesha lokuphila komntu. Kumhlaza wemiphunga, iinguqu ezifunyenweyo zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zihlala zibangelwa yimiba yokusingqongileyo efana nokutshaya okanye ukuchanabeka kwizinto ezingcolisayo. Olu tshintsho lunokuphazamisa iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zeselula, ezikhokelela ekukhuleni okungalawulwayo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezicubu. Ukuqonda olu tshintsho kubalulekile ekukhetheni indlela yonyango eyiyo. Nazi ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo:I-EGFR (I-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor): Iinguqu kwi-EGFR zixhaphakile kumhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongeyomncinci (NSCLC), ngakumbi kwi-adenocarcinomas. Olu tshintsho lunokwenza iiseli zomhlaza zibe novelwano ngakumbi kunyango oluthile ekujoliswe kulo.I-ALK (I-Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase): Uhlengahlengiso lwe-ALK lolunye uguquko olujoliswe kuyo olufunyenwe kwi-NSCLC. I-ALK inhibitors ibonise impumelelo ebalulekileyo ekuphatheni amathumba ngolu tshintsho.I-ROS1: Ngokufana ne-ALK, i-ROS1 fusions inokuqhuba ukukhula komhlaza wemiphunga. I-ROS1 inhibitors ziyafumaneka kwizigulane ezine-ROS1-positive NSCLC.I-BRAF: Ukuguqulwa kwe-BRAF, ngakumbi ukuguqulwa kwe-V600E, kunokufumaneka kwi-NSCLC. I-BRAF inhibitors ingasetyenziselwa ukujolisa ezi zinguqu.I-KRAS: Iinguqu ze-KRAS zixhaphakile kwi- lung adenocarcinoma. Ngelixa ngokwembali kunzima ukujolisa, amayeza amatsha asavela ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga oguqulweyo we-KRAS.I-PD-L1 (I-Death-Ligand 1 eCwangcisiweyo): Ngelixa ingelulo uguqulo lwemfuza ngokwengqiqo yemveli, intetho yePD-L1 sisiphawu sebhayoloji esinokuqikelela impendulo kunyango lwe-immunotherapy. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-PD-L1 ephezulu kunokubonisa ukuba isigulane sinokuzuza kakhulu kwi-immunotherapy.Uvavanyo lweGenetic kuMhlaza weLungUtshintsho lwemfuzo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ichongwa ngovavanyo olubanzi lwemfuzo, okwakwaziwa njengovavanyo lwebhayoloji okanye iprofayili yemolekyuli. Olu vavanyo luhlalutya izicubu zethumba okanye, kwezinye iimeko, iisampuli zegazi ukuchonga utshintsho oluthile lwemfuza oluqhuba ukukhula komhlaza. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zinceda ii-oncologists ukuba zenze izicwangciso zonyango zijolise kwiimpawu ezizodwa zomhlaza wesigulana ngasinye. IZiko loPhando loMhlaza lase-Baofa lisebenzisa ubugcisa bangoku bovavanyo lwemfuzo.Iintlobo zovavanyo lwemfuzoIintlobo ezininzi zovavanyo lwemfuzo zisetyenziswa ekuxilongeni umhlaza wemiphunga kunye nokucwangciswa konyango:Ulandelelwano lwesiZukulwana esilandelayo (NGS): I-NGS yindlela yovavanyo ebanzi enokuhlalutya imfuza emininzi ngaxeshanye. Oku kuvumela ukufunyanwa koluhlu olubanzi lweenguqu kunye nolunye utshintsho lwe-genomic.I-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): I-PCR yindlela yokuvavanya ejolise ngakumbi esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa utshintsho oluthile okanye uhlengahlengiso lwemfuza.I-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (INHLANZI): I-FISH isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukulungiswa kwakhona kwemfuza, njenge-ALK kunye ne-ROS1 fusions.I-Immunohistochemistry (IHC): I-IHC isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-protein expression, efana ne-PD-L1, enokunceda ukuqikelela impendulo kwi-immunotherapy.Ngaba kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo lwe-Genetic? Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic kufuneka lwenziwe kuzo zonke izigulane ezifunyanwe zine-NSCLC ephezulu. Uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa unyango ukwenzela ukuba unyango olujoliswe kuyo lunokuqwalaselwa kwasekuqaleni. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uphinde uvavanye ukuba umhlaza uyaqhubeka okanye ukuba kukho iindlela ezintsha zonyango ezifumanekayo. unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga. Ezi zonyango ziyilelwe ukuphazamisa ukukhula, ukwahlukana, kunye nokusasazeka kweeseli zomhlaza ngelixa unciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Indlela yokwenza amayeza eSibhedlele i-Baofa isebenzisa olona nyango luphezulu ekujoliswe kulo.I-EGFR InhibitorsEGFR inhibitors isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ngotshintsho lwe-EGFR. La machiza avala umsebenzi weprotein ye-EGFR, ehlala isebenza kakhulu kwiiseli zomhlaza kunye nolu tshintsho. Ii-EGFR inhibitors eziqhelekileyo ziquka:IGefitinib (Iressa)Erlotinib (Tarceva)Afatinib (Gilotrif)I-Osimertinib (Tagrisso): Amaxesha amaninzi unyango lodidi lokuqala lwe-EGFR-mutated NSCLC.ALK InhibitorsALK inhibitors lusetyenziswa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ngokuhlelelwa ngokutsha kwe-ALK. La machiza avala umsebenzi weprotheyini ye-ALK, ehlala isebenza ngokungaqhelekanga kwiiseli zomhlaza kunye nolu hlengahlengiso. Ii-ALK inhibitors eziqhelekileyo ziquka:I-Crizotinib (Xalkori)IAlectinib (Alecensa)Ceritinib (Zykadia)Brigatinib (Alunbrig)I-Lorlatinib (i-Lorbrena)I-ROS1 InhibitorsI-ROS1 inhibitors isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga nge-ROS1 fusions. La machiza avala umsebenzi weprotein ye-ROS1, ehlala isebenza ngokungaqhelekanga kwiiseli zomhlaza ngolu xuba. I-ROS1 inhibitors eziqhelekileyo ziquka:I-Crizotinib (Xalkori)I-Entrectinib (i-Rozlytrek)I-BRAF Inhibitors I-BRAF inhibitors isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ngotshintsho lwe-BRAF, ngakumbi utshintsho lwe-V600E. La machiza athintela ukusebenza kweprotein ye-BRAF, edla ngokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwiiseli zomhlaza ngolu tshintsho. Ii-BRAF inhibitors eziqhelekileyo ziquka:I-Dabrafenib (Tafinlar)Trametinib (Mekinist): Idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye ne-dabrafenib.KRAS G12C InhibitorsSotorasib (Lumakras) kunye ne-Adagrasib (Krazati) yimizekelo ye-KRAS G12C inhibitors esetyenziswa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ngolu tshintsho lwe-KRAS lukhethekileyo. Basebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kweprotein ye-KRAS eguqulweyo.Immunotherapy kunye neGenetic MutationsImmunotherapy luhlobo lonyango lomhlaza olunceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Nangona i-immunotherapy ayijoli ngokuthe ngqo unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga, iinguqu ezithile zofuzo kunye ne-biomarkers, ezifana ne-PD-L1 inkcazo kunye ne-tumor mutational burden (TMB), inokuqikelela impendulo kwi-immunotherapy. Izigulane ezinenkcazo ephezulu ye-PD-L1 okanye i-TMB ephakamileyo inokuthi ixhamle kwi-immunotherapy. KwiZiko loPhando loMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, sidibanisa unyango lokugonywa komzimba kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zendlela ebanzi.Ikamva loNyango lomhlaza wemiphungaUmmandla wonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga uvela ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olutsha olujoliswe kuyo kunye ne-immunotherapies luyaphuhliswa kwaye luvavanywe kwizilingo zeklinikhi. Abaphandi basebenzela ukuchonga ezintsha unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga enokujoliswa kunyango lwenoveli. Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu imfuzo yomhlaza wemiphunga iphucuka, sinokulindela ukubona ukhetho lonyango olulolwakho nolusebenzayo kwizigulana. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute izibophelele ekubeni ihlale iphambili kwezi nkqubela-phambili.Itheyibhile ebonisayo: Unyango olujolisiweyo oluSekwe kwiNguqukoUnyango ekuJoliswe kulo iNgcacisoEGFROsimertinib, Gefitinib, Erlotinib, AfatinibBlock EGFR protein activityALKAlectinib, Crizotinib, Brilagabtinib, Ceritinib protein umsebenziROS1Crizotinib, EntrectinibBlock ROS1 protein activityBRAF V600EDabrafenib (ehlala ineTrametinib)Vimba BRAF protein activityKRAS G12CSotorasib, AdagrasibBlock eguqulweyo KRAS protein activityIsipheloUkuqonda indima yeprotein ye-BRAF unyango lwemfuzo umhlaza wemiphunga ibalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo kwizigulana ezinomhlaza wemiphunga. Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic lunokunceda ukuchonga utshintsho oluthile olunokuthi lujoliswe kunyango lomntu. Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu imfuzo yomhlaza wemiphunga kuqhubeka ukukhula, sinokulindela ukubona unyango olusebenzayo nolujolise kwesi sifo sitshabalalisayo. Ndwendwela IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yethu ebanzi yokhathalelo lomhlaza wemiphunga.I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko ubonisana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo oluqeqeshelwe ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kweemeko zonyango.References National Cancer Institute. www.cancer.govUmbutho womhlaza waseMelika. www.cancer.org