unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yeseli enkulu

Umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli (LCLC) luhlobo olunobundlavini lomhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci (NSCLC). Iinketho zonyango ziyahluka kwaye zixhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yonke, kunye nokukhethwa kwesigulana. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya utyando, unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye ne-immunotherapy. Ukudibanisa unyango kusoloko kuvelisa ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo.Ukuqonda iSeli Enkulu yoMhlaza weMiphungaYintoni iSeli enkulu yoMhlaza weMiphunga?Umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli (LCLC) ibonakala ngeeseli ezinkulu, ezingaqhelekanga xa zijongwa phantsi kwe-microscope. Ibalelwa malunga ne-5-10% yawo wonke umhlaza wemiphunga. Ngenxa yobundlongondlongo bayo, ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubalulekile. Ludidi olusezantsi lwe-NSCLC, oku kuthetha ukuba iziphethe ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwaye iphathwa ngokwahlukileyo kunomhlaza wemiphunga yeseli encinci (SCLC). I-LCLC, i-subtyping eyongezelelweyo inokwenziwa ukukhokela izicwangciso ezingcono zonyango. Ezi ziquka: Iseli enkulu ye-neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC): Le subtype yabelana ngeempawu nazo zombini umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga omncinci weseli. I-basaloid carcinoma: Udidi olunqabileyo nolundlongondlongo. I-Lymphoepithelioma efana ne-carcinoma: Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu bomnombo wase-Asiya kwaye ihlala inxulumene nosulelo lwe-Epstein-Barr. Sula i-cell carcinoma: Iphawulwa ngeeseli ezinenkangeleko ecacileyo okanye engenanto phantsi kwe-microscope. Ukuxilongwa kweCell Enkulu yemiphunga yoMhlaza wokuHlola umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli Ibandakanya indibaniselwano yovavanyo lokucinga kunye ne-biopsies. Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: X-reyi yesifuba: Rhoqo kwenziwa uvavanyo lokuqala lokuthatha umfanekiso ukuze kubonwe izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwimiphunga. I-CT Scan (iComputed Tomography): Ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezininzi zemiphunga kunye nezakhiwo ezijikelezileyo, inceda ukufumanisa ubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba. I-PET Scan (iPositron Emission Tomography): Ichonga iiseli ezisebenzayo kwimetabolism, inceda ekuchongeni izihlunu ezinomhlaza kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza usasazekile. I-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance): Isenokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukusasazeka komhlaza ebuchotsheni okanye kwintambo yomqolo. I-Biopsy: Isampula yethishu ithathwa ukuze ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Iindlela ze-Biopsy ziquka: Ibronchoscopy: Ityhubhu ebhityileyo, ebhetyebhetye enekhamera ifakwa ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo emiphungeni ukuze ibone kwaye iqokelele iisampulu zethishu. Inaliti ye-Biopsy: Inaliti ifakwa eludongeni lwesifuba ukuqokelela isampulu yethishu kwithumba. Oku kunokukhokelwa yi-CT ukuchaneka ngakumbi. Uqhaqho lweBiopsy: Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko ukufumana isampulu yethishu eyaneleyo. IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga kwiSeli enkuluOlona lungcono unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yeseli enkulu kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana ngokubanzi, nezinto azikhethayo. Iinketho zonyango zinokusetyenziswa zodwa okanye zidibene umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli xa i-tumor isendaweni kwaye inokususwa ngokupheleleyo. Ukhetho lotyando lubandakanya: Ukususwa kweWedge: Ukususwa kwenxalenye emincinci emiphunga emiphungeni enethumba. Segmentectomy: Ukususwa kwenxalenye enkulu yomphunga kune-wedge resection. Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwelobe yonke yomphunga. Inyumoniya: Ukususwa komphunga wonke.Iqabane lethu, IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, kwi baofahospital.com, igxile kwiindlela ezintsha zotyando lomhlaza wemiphunga.Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation isebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa njengonyango oluphambili lwe umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli xa utyando alukho ukhetho, okanye lunokusetyenziswa emva kotyando ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Iindidi zonyango lwemitha ziquka: Unyango lweBeam Radiation yangaphandle (EBRT): Imitha ihanjiswa kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Unyango lweRadiation Body Stereotactic (SBRT): Ihambisa iidosi eziphezulu zokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo encinci, ekujoliswe kuyo ngokuchanekileyo. Unyango lweBrachytherapy (Unyango lwangaphakathi lokusasazeka): Imbewu okanye iingcingo ezisebenza ngeradioactive zifakwa ngqo okanye kufutshane nethumba elo.Unyango lweKhemotheraphi isebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ihlala isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli ethe yasasazeka ngaphaya kwemiphunga okanye xa utyando lungenakwenzeka. Amachiza onyango lwe-Chemotherapy ngokuqhelekileyo alawulwa nge-intravenously (ngokusebenzisa i-vein) okanye ngomlomo.I-Targeted TherapyTargeted therapy iziyobisi ezijoliswe kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. La machiza asebenza kakhulu xa iiseli zomhlaza zineenguqu ezithile zofuzo. Iithagethi eziqhelekileyo ziquka: I-EGFR (I-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor): Utshintsho kwi-EGFR luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abathile. I-ALK (I-Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase): I-ALK inhibitors inokusebenza kakhulu kwizigulana ezine-ALK-positive umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli. I-ROS1: I-ROS1 inhibitors isetyenziselwa i-ROS1-positive tumors. Uvavanyo olu tshintsho lubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba unyango olujoliswe kuyo lufanelekile na. unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yeseli enkulu.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. La machiza asebenza ngokuthintela iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Amachiza e-Immunotherapy ahlala esetyenziselwa phambili umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli.Unyango ngeQongaInqanaba le umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli ichaphazela kakhulu indlela yonyango. Inqanaba loNyango oluQhelekileyo oluya kwiSigaba I & II (Inqanaba lokuqala) Utyando (i-lobectomy okanye i-wedge resection) elandelwa yi-chemotherapy ukuba kuyimfuneko. Unyango ngemitha lunokuqwalaselwa ukuba utyando aluyiyo inketho. Inqanaba le-III (ePhezulu kwiNdawo) Udibaniso lwe-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation. Utyando lunokuqwalaselwa kwiimeko ezikhethiweyo. I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziswa emva kwe-chemoradiation. Inqanaba le-IV (i-Metastatic) I-Chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo (ukuba ukuguqulwa okufanelekileyo kukho), kunye ne-immunotherapy. Unyango ngemitha lunokusetyenziswa ukuthomalalisa iimpawu. Iimvavanyo zeklinikhiUlingo lwezonyango zizifundo zophando ezivavanya amatsha unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yeseli enkulu iinketho. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lweklinikhi kunokubonelela ngokufikelela kunyango oluphambili kwaye kube negalelo kwinkqubela phambili kunyango lomhlaza.I-prognosis umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza ekuxilongeni kunye nonyango olufunyenweyo. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango olunobundlobongela kunokuphucula iziphumo. Ukuqeshwa okuthe rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze kubekwe iliso ukuze kuphinde kuvele kwakhona. umhlaza wemiphunga omkhulu weseli ukuxilongwa kunokuba nzima. Amaqela enkxaso, iingcebiso, kunye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila (njengokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokugcina ukutya okunempilo) kunokunceda izigulane zijamelane nemingeni engokwenyama kunye neemvakalelo zesi sifo.I-Disclaimer: Olu lwazi lulwazi ngokubanzi kunye neenjongo zolwazi kuphela, kwaye aluquki iingcebiso zonyango. Kubalulekile ukudibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo yakho okanye unyango. Iinketho zonyango kufuneka zimiselwe yingcali yezempilo esekelwe kwimiba yesigulana ngasinye.IiReferensi: Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika: https://www.cancer.org/ Iziko leSizwe loMhlaza: https://www.cancer.gov/