unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba

Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ngokweSigaba: Isikhokelo esiBanzi Ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza wamalung luyohluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Esi sikhokelo sinika amagqabantshintshi onyango kwinqanaba ngalinye, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nokhathalelo lomntu. Siza kuphonononga ukhetho lotyando, unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy, unyango ekujoliswe kulo, kunye ne-immunotherapy, kunye nenkxaso yokhathalelo. Khumbula, olu lwazi lulwazi ngokubanzi kwaye akufanele luthathe indawo yokubonisana nogqirha.

Ukuqonda amanqanaba oMhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wamaphaphu wenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo echaza ubungakanani kunye nendawo elikuyo elo thumba, nokuba lithe lanwenwela kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, nokuba liye lanwenwela kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Inkqubo yeqonga inceda oogqirha babone eyona khosi ilungileyo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba. Amanqanaba adla ngokubalwa ukusuka ku-I ukuya ku-IV, ndingoyena ungowokuqala kunye no-IV ongoyena uphambili.

Inqanaba I Umhlaza wemiphunga

Kwinqanaba I unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba kudla ngokubandakanya utyando lokususa ithumba kunye nezicubu zemiphunga ezingqongileyo. Inkqubo ethile ixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu be-tumor. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-adjuvant chemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation inokucetyiswa emva kotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kweli nqanaba kuphucula kakhulu i-prognosis.

Inqanaba II Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba II unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya utyando, oluhlala lulandelwa yi-adjuvant chemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation. Ubungakanani botyando bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bethumba kunye nendawo. Injongo kukususa i-tumor ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuthintela ukuphindaphinda.

Inqanaba III Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba III unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba intsonkothe ngakumbi kwaye inokubandakanya indibaniselwano yonyango. Ukhetho lubandakanya utyando (ukuba lunokwenzeka), ichemotherapy, kunye nonyango lwemitha. Eli nqanaba lihlala lihlulwe ngakumbi (IIIA, IIIB) ukukhokela izigqibo zonyango. Ukuqhubela phambili kubuchule bokusasazeka kwemitha, obufana ne-stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), iye yaphucula iziphumo kwezinye izigulana ezinomhlaza wemiphunga weSigaba sesi-III.

Inqanaba IV Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba IV unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba ithathwa njenge-metastatic, oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kumalungu akude. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Ukhetho lunokubandakanya ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo (iziyobisi ezijolise kwiiseli ezithile zomhlaza), kunye nonyango lwamajoni omzimba (olusebenzisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza). Ulingo lwezonyango lunokuba luqwalaselo.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Zininzi iindlela zonyango ezifumanekayo, nganye kuzo ineseti yayo yeenzuzo kunye neengozi. Ukhetho lonyango luxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana ngokubanzi, kunye nokhetho lobuqu. Hlala uxoxa ngeendlela zonyango kunye nogqirha wakho.

Utyando

Utyando luhlala lolona nyango luphambili kumhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lakwangoko. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando zisetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba. Oku kunokubandakanya i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe yomphunga), i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga wonke), okanye ukususwa kwe-wedge (ukususwa kwecandelo elincinane lomphunga). Ubuchwephesha obuncinci botyando, njengotyando lwethoracoscopic oluncediswa yividiyo (VATS), luya luxhaphaka.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-brachytherapy (unyango lwangaphakathi lwe-radiation) lunokusetyenziswa.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingasetyenziswa phambi kotyando (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy), emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy), okanye njengonyango lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lusebenzisa iziyobisi ezijolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango lusebenza ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga kwaye luhlala lusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nolunye unyango.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza. Iindidi ezininzi ze-immunotherapy ziyafumaneka kumhlaza wemiphunga. Olu nyango lubaluleke kakhulu kumlo ochasene nomhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu.

Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso

Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso lubalulekile kulo lonke ixesha unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba inkqubo. Oku kuquka ukulawula iimpawu ezifana neentlungu, ukudinwa, nokuphefumla kancinci; ukubonelela ngenkxaso yesondlo; kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso ngokwasemoyeni nasengqondweni. Ukhathalelo lwePalliative lujolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kwizigulana ezinomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ukufumana Unonophelo Olululo

Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nokuxilongwa kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba. Ukuba unenkxalabo ngomhlaza wemiphunga, dibana nengcali yezempilo ngokukhawuleza. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokhathalelo oluphezulu lomhlaza kunye nophando, unokukhangela izixhobo ezivela kwimibutho ethembekileyo efana neNational Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/). Kwabo bafuna ukhathalelo olulodwa, i IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa inikeza iinkonzo ezibanzi.

Ukuzihlangula: Olu lwazi lololwazi jikelele kwaye aluyiyo ingcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo ukuze uxilongwe kwaye unyangwe.