amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga

Amayeza oNyango loMhlaza wemiphunga: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi Umhlaza wamaphaphu sisifo esimandundu, kunye nokuqonda okukhoyo amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ibalulekile kwizigulana neentsapho zazo. Esi sikhokelo sinika umboniso weendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kugxininise kumayeza asetyenziswayo kunye neendlela zabo zokwenza. Siza kuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwaye sigxininise ukubaluleka kwezicwangciso zonyango zomntu ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathe indawo yeengcebiso zonyango zobungcali. Soloko udibana ne-oncologist yakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa kunye nokucwangciswa konyango.

Iindidi zamayeza oNyango lomhlaza wemiphunga

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lujolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ngaphakathi kweeseli zomhlaza eziqhuba ukukhula kunye nokuphila kwazo. La mayeza asebenza ngokwahlukileyo kune-chemotherapy yendabuko, ejolise ekunciphiseni ingozi kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Imizekelo yonyango ekujoliswe kuyo ibandakanya: I-EGFR inhibitors: Ezi ziyeza zijolise kwi-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), iprotheni edlala indima ekukhuleni kweeseli. Zisebenza ngokukodwa kwizigulane ezinokuguqulwa kwe-EGFR. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-gefitinib, i-erlotinib, kunye ne-afatinib. Ukusebenza kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyahluka ukusuka kwisigulana ukuya kwisigulana. I-ALK inhibitors: I-Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) yenye iprotheni enokuthi ibe negalelo ekukhuleni komhlaza wemiphunga. I-ALK inhibitors, njenge-crizotinib, i-alectinib, kunye ne-ceritinib, ijolise kule proteni. Olunye unyango olujoliswe kuyo: Uninzi lwezinye iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo ziyafumaneka, zijolise kwiimolekyuli ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezibandakanyekayo ekuphuhliseni umhlaza wemiphunga. I-oncologist yakho iya kugqiba olona nyango lufanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho zethumba.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza adla ngokusetyenziswa zidityaniswe nolunye unyango kwaye anokufakwa emithanjeni okanye ngomlomo. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-chemotherapy asetyenziswa kwi amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ziquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-docetaxel. Amachiza athile kunye neendibaniselwano zawo zixhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye nohlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubonakala, kwaye ulawulo olusebenzayo lubalulekile.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. La mayeza asebenza ngokwandisa amandla amajoni omzimba okuqaphela kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. I-Checkpoint inhibitors, efana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab, yimizekelo yamachiza e-immunotherapy asetyenziswa amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga. La machiza ajolise kwiiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Banokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kodwa beza neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Olunye Unyango

Ngaphandle kwamayeza, olunye unyango luhlala ludityaniswa lubanzi amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga isicwangciso. Ezi zinokuquka: Unyango ngemitha: Isebenzisa imitha yemitha ephezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Utyando: Ukususwa kwethumba elinomhlaza. Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo: Ijolise ekulawuleni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulane.

Ukukhetha Unyango Olululo

Ukhetho lwe amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yenzelwe umntu kakhulu kwaye ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezibandakanya: Uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wemiphunga ziphendula ngokwahlukileyo kunyango olwahlukeneyo. Inqanaba lomhlaza likwachaphazela izigqibo zonyango. Impilo yesigulana iyonke: Impilo jikelele yesigulana kunye nazo naziphi na iimeko esele zikhona zinokuchaphazela ukunyamezela kwazo unyango oluthile. Uvavanyo lwemfuzo: Uvavanyo lotshintsho oluthile kwiiseli zomhlaza lunokunceda ukukhokela ukhetho lonyango.

Iziphumo eziPhakamileyo kunye noLawulo

Abaninzi amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi zinokusuka kumbi ukuya kobukhali kwaye ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiyeza elithile kunye nesigulana ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kwaye uphuhlise izicwangciso zolawulo lwabo. Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo neqela lakho lezonyango lubalulekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango.

Apho unokufumana khona ulwazi oluninzi

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nonyango lwawo, unokujongana nemithombo ethembekileyo efana neZiko leSizwe loMhlaza (NCI) https://www.cancer.gov/ kunye ne-American Lung Association (ALA) https://www.lung.org/. Khumbula, ukufuna iingcebiso zobugqirha kubaluleke kakhulu ekujongeni ubunzima bonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga. Kukhathalelo oluphambili kunye nolomntu, qwalasela iingcali zokubonisana kumaziko adumileyo afana neShandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute. https://www.baofahospital.com/.

Uhlobo lwamayeza	Imizekelo	Indlela yokwenza	Iimpembelelo ezinokuba khona
I-EGFR Inhibitors	Gefitinib, Erlotinib	Iibhloko EGFR umqondiso	Irhashalala, urhudo, ukudinwa
I-ALK Inhibitors	Crizotinib, Alectinib	Iibhloko zokubonisa i-ALK	Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukuqunjelwa
Unyango ngamachiza	Cisplatin, Carboplatin	Ukonakaliswa kweDNA	Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukulahleka kweenwele
Immunotherapy	Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab	Ukwandisa ukuphendula komzimba	Ukudinwa, irhashalala, urhudo

Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko ubonisana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo oluqeqeshelwe ukuxilongwa nokucwangciswa konyango.