iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba

Iinketho zonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga nge-StageLung ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza luyohluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Eli nqaku libonelela ngombono obanzi weendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango kwinqanaba ngalinye, ligxininisa ukubaluleka kokhathalelo lomntu kunye nenkqubela phambili yamva nje iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba. Siza kuphonononga ukhetho lotyando, ichemotherapy, unyango lweradiation, unyango ekujoliswe kulo, kunye ne-immunotherapy, iqaqambisa iindima zabo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo esi sifo. Ukuqonda ukuxilongwa kwakho kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi kunye neqela lakho lezempilo.

Ukuqonda amanqanaba oMhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlelwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo eqwalasela ubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba, ubukho bokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kunye nokuba umhlaza uye wasasazeka (unwenwe) kumalungu akude. Eyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo yeqonga yinkqubo ye-TNM, esebenzisa oonobumba ukumela ubukhulu bethumba (T), ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node (N), kunye ne-metastasis (M). Ezi zinto zidityanisiwe ukumisela inqanaba lilonke (inqanaba I-IV), elichaphazela kakhulu iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba. Amanqanaba angaphambili aneengqikelelo ezingcono kunye neendlela zonyango ezininzi ezikhoyo.

Inqanaba I Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba I iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya utyando lokususa ithumba kunye nezicubu zemiphunga ezingqongileyo. Inkqubo yotyando ethile ixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba. Okukhethwa kukho kubandakanya i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe ye-lung), ukususwa kwe-wedge (ukususwa kwecandelo elincinci lemiphunga), okanye i-segmentectomy (ukususwa kwecandelo lemiphunga). Kwezinye iimeko, ubuchule obuncinci obuncinci njengotyando lwethoracoscopic oluncediswa yividiyo (VATS) lunokusetyenziswa. Emva kotyando, i-adjuvant chemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation lunokuthi luthathwe njengokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda.

Inqanaba II Umhlaza wemiphunga

Unyango lweSigaba II iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba ihlala idibanisa utyando kunye nechemotherapy adjuvant okanye unyango lweradiation. Ubungakanani botyando bufana neSigaba I, kodwa ukongezwa kwonyango lwe-adjuvant kujolise ekuphuculeni iziphumo ngokujolisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Ukhetho phakathi kwechemotherapy kunye nonyango lweradiation luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa impilo yonke yesigulana kunye neempawu ezithile zethumba. IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa inikeza ukhetho olubanzi lotyando kunye nonyango lwe-adjuvant.

Inqanaba III Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba III iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba intsonkothe ngakumbi kwaye ihlala ibandakanya indibaniselwano yonyango. Oku kunokubandakanya utyando (ukuba kuyenzeka), unyango lwechemotherapy, kunye nonyango lwemitha (olusoloko lunikwa ngaxeshanye). Unyango ekujoliswe kulo okanye i-immunotherapy nayo inokuqwalaselwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithile zofuzo zethumba. Injongo kukunciphisa i-tumor kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kuphuculwe amazinga okuphila. Ubuchule obuphezulu, obufana ne-stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) kunye ne-immunotherapy, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiSigaba III.

Inqanaba IV Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba IV iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba ithathwa njenge-metastatic, oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kumalungu akude. Ugxininiso luyatshintsha ukusuka kunyango lonyango ukuya kukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa, olujolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Iinketho zonyango ziquka i-chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo (ukuba kukho ukuguqulwa kofuzo olufanelekileyo), kunye ne-immunotherapy. Ulingo lwezonyango lunokuba lukhetho lokuphonononga iindlela ezintsha zonyango. Ukunyamekelwa kwenkxaso, kubandakanywa nokulawulwa kweentlungu kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu, kubalulekile kweli nqanaba.

Ukukhetha Unyango Olululo

Ukhetho lonyango lwe iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba sisigqibo esenziwe ngumntu kakhulu, esenziwe ngothethwano olusondeleyo ne-oncologist. Ziliqela izinto eziqwalaselwayo, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye neempawu ezithile zethumba. Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic lunokwenziwa ukuchonga iithagethi ezinokubakho kwiindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo. Inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo ikwabandakanya ukuxoxa ngeenzuzo ezinokubakho kunye nobungozi bokhetho ngalunye lonyango kwaye ilinganise ngokukhetha kunye neenjongo zesigulana.

Unyango olusakhulayo

Intsimi yonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ihlala iguquka. Kukho ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kunyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapies, kunye nezinye iindlela ezintsha. Ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nophando lwamva nje kunye nokuxoxa ngeendlela zonyango ezivelayo kunye neqela lakho lezempilo kubalulekile.

Iqonga	Iinketho zonyango oluqhelekileyo
Inqanaba I	Utyando (i-lobectomy, i-wedge resection), i-chemotherapy enokuba yi-adjuvant okanye i-radiation
Inqanaba II	Utyando + i-chemotherapy ye-adjuvant okanye i-radiation
Inqanaba III	Utyando (ukuba lunokwenzeka), i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy
Inqanaba IV	I-Chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, unyango lwe-immunotherapy, ukhathalelo lwe-palliative

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.

Imithombo: (Yongeza imithombo efanelekileyo yolwazi lweqonga, izikhokelo zonyango, njl. njl. Umzekelo, iZiko loMhlaza leSizwe, uMbutho woMhlaza waseMelika njl. njl. Chaza amaphepha athile apho kunokwenzeka.)