unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwikliniki kamayo

Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo iyaziwa ngendlela yayo ebanzi, ukudibanisa uxilongo oluphambili, unyango lomntu siqu, kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo. Esi sikhokelo delves kwiinketho zonyango ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwiKliniki yaseMayo kunye namanye amaziko aphambili, kubandakanywa utyando, unyango lwemitha, ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye ne-immunotherapy, enika inkcazo eneenkcukacha kwizigulane kunye neentsapho zabo ezihamba kulo mhlaba onzima.Ukuqonda Umhlaza WemiphungaYintoni Umhlaza Wemiphunga? Ihlelwe ngokubanzi ibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: umhlaza wemiphunga yeseli encinci (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongeyonxalenye encinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC ixhaphake kakhulu kwaye ibandakanya iintlobo ezincinci ezifana ne-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kunye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukuze usebenze Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo.Iizinto zoMngcipheko kunye noThinteloUkutshaya yeyona nto iphambili kumngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga. Eminye imingcipheko ibandakanya ukuchanabeka kwiradon, iasbestos, nezinye iicarcinogens, kunye nembali yesi sifo kwintsapho. Amaqhinga okuthintela aquka ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukuphepha umsi wecuba, kunye nokunciphisa ukuchanabeka kwityhefu yendalo esingqongileyo.Uxilongo kwiKliniki yaseMayoUvavanyo lokuxilongaUxilongo olubanzi lubalulekile ekumiseleni okufanelekileyo. Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo. Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokuxilonga ziquka: Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: I-X-rays, i-CT scans, i-MRI, kunye ne-PET scans zinceda ukujonga amathumba emiphunga kunye nokuvavanya ubukhulu kunye nendawo. I-Sputum Cytology: Ukuhlola isikhohlela (phlegm) phantsi kwemakroskopu kunokubona iiseli ezinomhlaza. I-Biopsy: Isampuli yethishu ithathwa emiphungeni ukuze ihlolwe ngemicroscope. Oku kunokwenziwa ngebronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, okanye inaliti biopsy. Uvavanyo lweMolekyuli: Ukuhlalutya iiseli zethumba ukwenzela utshintsho oluthile lwemfuzo kunokukhokela izigqibo zonyango ekujoliswe kuzo.I-Staging of Lung CancerStaging ichaza ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. I-NSCLC ihlelwe ukusuka kwi-I ukuya kwi-IV, kunye nenqanaba lokuqala kunye nenqanaba le-IV lelona liphambili. I-SCLC idla ngokubekwa kwinqanaba elilinganiselweyo okanye elibanzi. Iqonga libalulekile ekumiseleni i-prognosis kunye nokukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo.IiKhetho zonyango kwiKliniki yaseMayo kunye ne-BeyondSurgerySurgery kaninzi lolona nyango luphambili kwi-NSCLC yasekuqaleni. Ukhetho lotyando lubandakanya: Ukususwa kweWedge: Ukususwa kweqhekeza elincinane lemiphunga lemiphunga. Segmentectomy: Ukususwa kwenxalenye enkulu yomphunga kune-wedge resection. Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwelobe yonke yomphunga. Inyumoniya: Ukususwa komphunga wonke.Ukhetho lotyando luxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba, kunye nempilo yesigulane iyonke.Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation therapy isebenzisa imiqadi yamandla amakhulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa njengonyango oluphambili kwizigulana ezingabaviwa botyando, okanye njengonyango lwe-adjuvant emva kotyando lokubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Iindidi zonyango lwemitha ziquka: Unyango lweBeam Radiation yangaphandle (EBRT): Imitha ihanjiswa kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Unyango lweRadiation Body Stereotactic (SBRT): Ihambisa iidosi eziphezulu zokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo encinci, ekujoliswe kuyo ngokuchanekileyo. Brachytherapy: Imbewu okanye iingcingo ezisebenza ngeradioactive zifakwa ngqo okanye kufuphi nethumba elo.Unyango lweKhemotherapy Ikhemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu okanye njengonyango lwe-adjuvant emva kokuhlinzwa. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-chemotherapy kumhlaza wemiphunga aquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-docetaxel.I-Targeted TherapyTargeted zonyango amayeza ajolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Ezi zonyango zihlala zisetyenziselwa izigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezifana nokuguqulwa kwe-EGFR okanye ukulungiswa kwakhona kwe-ALK. Imizekelo ibandakanya: I-EGFR inhibitors: Erlotinib, gefitinib, osimertinib I-ALK inhibitors: Crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib I-BRAF inhibitors: I-Dabrafenib, i-trametinib (yezigulana ezinotshintsho lwe-BRAF V600E)I-ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy inceda amajoni omzimba alwe nomhlaza. Ii-immune checkpoint inhibitors, ezifana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu. La machiza avala iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza.Izilingo zeClinical Ulingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya unyango olutsha lomhlaza wemiphunga. Izigulane zinokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi ukufikelela kunyango lwe-cutting-edge olungekafumaneki ngokubanzi. Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo amaziko adla ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiilingo zeklinikhi ezikhokelayo.INkxaso yokuKhathalela ukuLawula iiMpembelelo eziPhakamileyo Unyango lomhlaza wamalung lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, njengokudinwa, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokulahleka kweenwele. Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso lujolise ekulawuleni ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulane. Oku kunokubandakanya amayeza, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nonyango lomzimba.I-Palliative CarePalliative Care igxile ekudambiseni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezinezifo ezinzulu, ezifana nomhlaza wemiphunga. Inokubonelelwa nakweliphi na inqanaba lesi sifo kwaye ayifani nokhathalelo lwehospice. Ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa umzimba luhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenyama, ezeemvakalelo, nezomoya.Uqikelelo kunye namazinga okusindaUvavanyo lomhlaza wemiphunga luyohluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, uhlobo lomhlaza, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuphucula amazinga okusinda. Ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emi-5 kuzo zonke izigaba zomhlaza wemiphunga ngama-25%. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokusinda liphezulu kakhulu kwi-cancer yesigaba sokuqala. Kwi-NSCLC yendawo (umhlaza ongazange usasazeke ngaphandle kwemiphunga), izinga lokusinda leminyaka emi-5 yi-63%. Kwi-NSCLC yengingqi (umhlaza oye wasasazeka kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane), izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 yi-35%. Kwi-NSCLC ekude (umhlaza oye wasasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba), i-5-year-survival rate yi-7%. Amazinga okusinda kwe-SCLC asezantsi xa ewonke.Indima ye-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research InstituteAt IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, sizinikele ekuqhubeleni phambili uphando lomhlaza kunye nonyango. Ngelixa unganxulumananga ngqo ne Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwiKliniki yaseMayo, sabelana ngokuzibophezela ekuboneleleni umntu, ukhathalelo olubanzi kwizigulane. Iinzame zethu zophando zijolise ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezintsha zonyango nokuphucula iziphumo zabantu abachatshazelwa sesi sifo.Ukwenza Izigqibo EzinolwaziUkujonga uxilongo lomhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba nzima. Kubalulekile ukuqokelela ulwazi, ubuze imibuzo, kwaye usebenze ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lezempilo ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nesicwangciso sakho sonyango. Cinga ngokufuna uluvo lwesibini kwingcali kwiziko lomhlaza eliphambili njengeMayo Clinic okanye iShandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute.Khumbula ukuba awuwedwa. Amaqela enkxaso, iiforam ze-intanethi, kunye neenkonzo zoluleko zinokukunika inkxaso yeemvakalelo kunye nesikhokelo kulo lonke uhambo lwakho.Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQs)Zithini iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga?Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukukhohlela okuzingisileyo, intlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumla nzima, ukuphefumla, ukukhohlela igazi, kunye nokwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga.Ufunyaniswa njani umhlaza wemiphunga? Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wemiphunga, uvavanyo lwe-CT scan ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya i-CT scan cytology, kunye biopsy.Ziziphi iinketho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga?Iinketho zonyango ziquka utyando, unyango ngemitha, unyango ngechemotherapy, unyango ekujoliswe, kunye immunotherapy.Yintoni prognosis for umhlaza wemiphunga?I-prognosis iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, uhlobo lomhlaza, kunye nempilo yomguli ngokubanzi. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye nonyango kunokuphucula amazinga okusinda. Ndingayifumana phi inkxaso yomhlaza wemiphunga? Inkxaso ifumaneka ngokwamaqela enkxaso, iiforam ze-intanethi, kunye neenkonzo zokucetyiswa.I-Disclaimer: Eli nqaku linika ulwazi oluqhelekileyo kwaye akufanele lithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga neengcebiso ezenzelwe wena.IiReferensi:Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika. (n.d.). www.cancer.orgIklinikhi yaseMayo. (n.d.). www.mayoclinic.org