unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga metastatic

Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga we-Metastatic igxile ekwandiseni ubomi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi xa umhlaza unwenwele ngaphaya kwemiphunga. Iinketho zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza, inqanaba, utshintsho, kunye nempilo iyonke. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, unyango lweradiation, kunye notyando. Esi sikhokelo siphonononga olu khetho ngokweenkcukacha, lubonelela ngengqiqo kwiindlela zazo, izibonelelo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho.Ukuqonda uMhlaza weMetastatic wemiphungaYintoni iMetastatic Lung Cancer?Umhlaza wemiphunga weMetastatic, ekwaziwa njengenqanaba le-IV lomhlaza wemiphunga, yenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza ezisuka kwithumba lemiphunga lokuqala zisasazeka kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zemetastasis ziquka ingqondo, amathambo, isibindi, kunye namadlala eadrenal. Umhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli engeNcinane (NSCLC): Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, kuquka i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kunye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu. Umhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli encinci (SCLC): Uhlobo olukhula ngokukhawuleza lomhlaza wemiphunga olunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokutshaya.I-Diagnosis kunye ne-StagingDiagnosis ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya iimvavanyo ze-imaging (CT scans, PET scans, MRI), i-biopsies, kunye novavanyo lwe-molecular. Ukuhlela kunceda ekumiseleni ubungakanani bomhlaza kunye nezigqibo zonyango olukhokelayo.Ukhetho loNyango lweMetastatic Lung CancerInjongo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga metastatic kukulawula ukukhula komhlaza, ukulawula iimpawu, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Izicwangciso zonyango zisoloko zilungiselelwe umntu ngokusekwe kwimeko ethile yomntu.Unyango ngamachizaUnyango ngamachiza usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengonyango lodidi lokuqala umhlaza wemiphunga wemetastatic. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ze-chemotherapy ziquka: Izidakamizwa ezisekelwe kwiPlatinum (i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin) I-Taxanes (i-paclitaxel, i-docetaxel) i-Pemetrexed GemcitabineChemotherapy ingaba nemiphumo emibi efana ne-nausea, ukukhathala, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nomngcipheko wokosuleleka. Uvavanyo lwe-molecular luyimfuneko ukuchonga ukuba isigulane sifanelekile ukuba sifumane unyango olujoliswe kuyo. Ezinye iithagethi eziqhelekileyo kunye neziyobisi ezihambelanayo ziquka: I-EGFR (I-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor): I-Gefitinib, i-erlotinib, i-afatinib, i-osimertinib. La machiza asebenza ngokukodwa kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezinokuguqulwa kwe-EGFR. I-ALK (I-Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase): Crizotinib, alectinib, ceritinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib. Isetyenziswe kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezine-ALK rearrangements. I-BRAF: Dabrafenib, trametinib. Isetyenziswa kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezineenguqu ze-BRAF V600E. I-ROS1: Crizotinib, entrectinib. Isetyenziswe kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezine-ROS1 fusions. I-NTRK: Larotrectinib, entrectinib. Isetyenziswe kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezine-NTRK fusions. MET: Capmatinib, tepotinib. Isetyenziswe kwizigulana ze-NSCLC ezine-MET exon 14 yokutsiba utshintsho. I-RET: Selpercatinib, pralsetinib. Isetyenziswe kwizigulane ze-NSCLC ezine-RET fusions.Unyango olujoliswe kuyo kaninzi luba nemiphumo emibi embalwa kune-chemotherapy, kodwa lusebenza kuphela ukuba umhlaza unenjongo ethile.I-ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy iziyobisi zinceda amajoni omzimba aqaphele kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza. I-immune checkpoint inhibitors luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-immunotherapy olusetyenziswa kuyo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga metastatic. Imizekelo ibandakanya: Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Nivolumab (Opdivo) Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) Durvalumab (Imfinzi) Ipilimumab (Yervoy)La machiza avala iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza, evumela amajoni omzimba ukuba enze impendulo enamandla. Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukukhathala, ukugqithisa, isifo sohudo, kunye nokuvuvukala kwamalungu ahlukeneyo.Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation therapy isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amathumba, ukukhulula iintlungu, okanye ukunyanga i-metastases kwiindawo ezithile ezifana nengqondo okanye amathambo. Iindidi zonyango lokusasazeka ngemitha zibandakanya: Unyango lwemitha yangaphandle yonyango lwemitha ye-Stereotactic body radiation (SBRT) I-Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nethamo lemitha. umhlaza wemiphunga wemetastatic, kodwa inokuqwalaselwa kwiimeko ezithile, njengokususa imetastasis yodwa okanye ukuthomalalisa iimpawu. Umzekelo, i IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ngamanye amaxesha isebenzisa ubuchule obuncinci botyando ukujongana neendawo ezithile ze-metastatic. Ulingo lwezonyangoUlingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya unyango olutsha okanye indibaniselwano yonyango. Izigulane ezine umhlaza wemiphunga wemetastatic unokucinga ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi ukufikelela kunyango lwe-cutting-edge.Ukulawula iimpawu kunye neziphumo ezibiUkulawula iimpawu kunye nemiphumo emibi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga metastatic. Oku kunokubandakanya: Ulawulo lweentlungu Inkxaso yesondlo Ulawulo lwesicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha Inkxaso yokuphefumlaIprognosis kunye namazinga okusinda. umhlaza wemiphunga wemetastatic iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga, ubungakanani bokusasazeka, impilo yomguli ngokubanzi, kunye nendlela asabela ngayo kunyango. Inkqubela phambili yakutsha nje kunyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye ne-immunotherapy iye yaphucula amazinga okusinda kwezinye izigulana. Ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society, izinga leminyaka emi-5 lokusinda kumhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic malunga ne-7% (kuzo zonke izigaba zomhlaza wemiphunga zidibene, izinga ngama-25%). [1] Oku kubalaselisa ukubaluleka kophando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lonyango olutsha.Nantsi uthelekiso olulula lweendlela zonyango, injongo yazo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Unyango Injongo Enokubakho Iimpembelelo ezisecaleni I-Chemotherapy Bulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba Isicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, ukulahleka kweenwele, usuleleko Unyango ekujoliswe kulo Vimba iimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza Kuxhomekeke kwiyeza; kunokubandakanya irhashalala eluswini, urhudo, iingxaki zesibindi I-Immunotherapy Ukunceda amajoni omzimba ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza Ukudinwa, irhashalala, urhudo, ukudumba kwamalungu Unyango lweRadiation Ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kwindawo ethile Ukudinwa, utshintsho lwesikhumba, ukonakala kwelungu kufutshane nendawo yonyango Utyando Susa i-metastases okanye unciphise iimpawu Ubuhlungu, usulelo, ukopha IsipheloUnyango lomhlaza wemiphunga we-Metastatic yinkalo entsonkothileyo kwaye iyaphuhla. Ukuqhubela phambili kunyango olujoliswe kuyo kunye nonyango lwe-immunotherapy luye lwaphucula kakhulu iziphumo kwezinye izigulana. Kubalulekile ukuba izigulana zisebenze ngokusondeleyo neqela labo lokhathalelo lwempilo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esijongene neemfuno zabo kunye neenjongo zabo. Soloko udibana nengcali yezonyango eqeqeshiweyo ukuze uxilongwe kwaye unyange nayiphi na imeko. (n.d.). Amazinga okusinda komhlaza wemiphunga. Ifunyenwe kwi https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html