unyango olutsha lwenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic, lizisa imingeni ebalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwiinketho zonyango kunika ithemba kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Eli nqaku liphonononga yamva nje unyango olutsha lwenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga, equka amayeza ajoliswe kuwo, amajoni omzimba, ulingo lwezonyango, kunye nezicwangciso zokhathalelo oluxhasayo.Ukuqonda iNqanaba lesi-4 Umhlaza WemiphungaLiyintoni inqanaba lesi-4 umhlaza wemiphunga?Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga lithetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke (imetastasized) ukusuka kwimiphunga ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba, njengobuchopho, amathambo, isibindi, okanye amadlala eadrenal. Eli nqanaba lifuna indlela yonyango ebanzi yokulawula isifo kunye neempawu zaso. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nokuqhubela phambili kophando, ndwendwela IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.Iimpawu eziqhelekileyoIimpawu zenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yemetastases, kodwa zinokuquka: Ukukhohlela okuzingisileyo Intlungu yesifuba Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo Ukuncipha Ubunzima Iingqaqambo zamathambo Intloko ebuhlungu okanye ukubanjwa UNyango olutsha loMhlaza weMiphunga inqanaba lesi-4Unyango ekujoliswe kulo ngamachiza ajolise kuhlobo oluthile lwemfuza, iiproteni, okanye imeko yethishu enegalelo ekukhuleni komhlaza kunye nokuphila. Olu nyango lwenzelwe ukuhlasela ngokuthe ngqo iiseli zomhlaza, ukunciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo.Imizekelo ibandakanya: I-EGFR Inhibitors: Isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga kunye neenguqu ze-EGFR. Amachiza aqhelekileyo aquka i-erlotinib, i-gefitinib, i-afatinib, kunye ne-osimertinib. I-ALK Inhibitors: Isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga kunye ne-ALK gene rearrangements. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-crizotinib, i-alectinib, i-ceritinib, kunye ne-brigatinib. I-BRAF Inhibitors: I-Dabrafenib kunye ne-trametinib zisetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga ngotshintsho lwe-BRAF V600E. I-RET Inhibitors: I-Selpercatinib kunye ne-pralsetinib zisetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga kunye ne-RET fusions.Ukhetho lonyango olujoliswe kuyo luxhomekeke kwiinguqu ezithile zofuzo ezichongiweyo kwi-tumor yesigulane ngovavanyo lwe-molecular. Unyango olutsha lomhlaza wemiphunga kwinqanaba lesi-4 zisoloko zivela ngophando oluqhubekayo oluvela kumaziko afana neShandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy yomeleza ukhuseleko lwendalo lomzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Isebenza ngokuvuselela amajoni omzimba ukuba aqaphele kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza.Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-immunotherapy ezisetyenziselwa isigaba se-4 somhlaza wemiphunga ziquka: I-Checkpoint Inhibitors: La machiza avala iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-pembrolizumab, i-nivolumab, i-atezolizumab, kunye ne-durvalumab.I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idibene ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango olujoliswe kuyo. Ukusebenza kwayo kuyahluka phakathi kwezigulane, kwaye i-biomarkers efana ne-PD-L1 ibonakaliso inokunceda ukuqikelela impendulo. I-Baofa Cancer Research Institute ibandakanyeka ngokunzulu kuphando olu nyango.I-ChemotherapyChemotherapy ihlala iyindlela yonyango esemgangathweni yenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi xa amayeza ekujoliswe kuwo okanye amachiza alwa nomzimba angafanelekanga okanye ayekile ukusebenza. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iziyobisi zokubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba.Ii-regimens eziqhelekileyo ze-chemotherapy ziquka: i-Platinum-based doublet (umzekelo, i-cisplatin okanye i-carboplatin idibene ne-pemetrexed, i-gemcitabine, okanye i-taxane) I-Chemotherapy ingabangela imiphumo emibi, ngoko ke ukunakekelwa kwenkxaso kubalulekile ukulawula le miphumo kunye nokugcina umgangatho wobomi. Iimvavanyo zeklinikhi Ulingo lwezonyango zizifundo zophando ezivavanyayo unyango olutsha lwenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunokubonelela ngofikelelo kunyango oluphambili olungekafumaneki ngokubanzi. Izibonelelo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi: Ukufikelela kwiinoveli zonyango Igalelo kuphando lomhlaza Ukubeka iliso ngokusondeleyo kunye nenkathalo Izigulane zinokukhangela izilingo zeklinikhi ngezixhobo ezifana neNational Cancer Institute (NCI) okanye i-American Cancer Society. Cinga ngokujonga amathuba olingo lwezonyango IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.Ukunyamekelwa kweNkxaso kunye nePalliative CareManaging Symptoms kunye noPhucuko loMgangatho woLondolozo lweLifeSupportive, owaziwa nangokuthi ukhathalelo lwe-palliative, lugxile ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezinesigaba sesi-4 somhlaza wamaphaphu. Iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sonyango kwaye inokubonelelwa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango.Iinkalo zokhathalelo oluxhasayo ziquka: Ukulawulwa kweentlungu Inkxaso yesondlo Ukuxhaswa ngokweemvakalelo nangokwengqondo Unyango lokuphefumulaIndima yeQela leqela leeNgxoxo ezininzi zeqela leengcali zonyango linokubonelela ngononophelo olubanzi kwizigulane ezinesigaba sesi-4 somhlaza wamaphaphu. Eli qela lingabandakanya: Iingcali ze-Oncologists I-Pulmonologists Iradiation oncologists Iingcali zoTyando Iingcali zokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa Abongikazi Oonontlalontle Oonontlalontle I-Dietitians DietitiansLiving with Stage 4 Lung Cancer: Ithemba kunye neZibonelelo Ukuhlala unolwazi kwaye ufuna iNkxasoUkuphila nenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba lucelomngeni, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nokhetho lonyango kwaye ufune inkxaso kwiingcali zonyango kunye neengcali zezempilo, i-Pattergiant kunye nemibutho yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, i-Pattergiant kunye nemibutho yokunyamekela. ukubonelela ngezibonelelo ezixabisekileyo kwizigulane kunye nabakhathaleli, kubandakanywa: Umbutho we-American Lung Cancer Research Foundation yoPhando lweCancer UKIsipheloNgelixa isigaba se-4 somhlaza wemiphunga sihlala sixilongwa esibi, ukuqhubela phambili kunyango kunye nokunakekelwa kwenkxaso kuye kwaphucula kakhulu iziphumo kunye nomgangatho wobomi kwizigulane. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo, i-immunotherapies, kunye nezilingo zeklinikhi zibonelela unyango olutsha lwenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nethemba lekamva elingcono. Kubalulekile ukusebenza ngokusondeleyo neqela lezinto ezininzi ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esijongene neemfuno kunye neenjongo zomntu ngamnye. IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa lihlala lizibophelele ekuqhubeleni phambili icandelo ngophando olutsha kunye nenkathalo yovelwano.