unyango olungelulo oluncinci lomhlaza wemiphunga

Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga weseli olungelulo oluncinci (NSCLC) iinketho zihlukeneyo kwaye zixhomekeke kwinqanaba, i-subtype, kunye nesigulane ngasinye. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya utyando, unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye ne-immunotherapy, edla ngokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo. Esi sikhokelo siphonononga ukhetho ngalunye ngokweenkcukacha, sikunceda uqonde okunokwenzeka kwaye wenze izigqibo ezizizo ngokubonisana neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo.Ukuqonda Umhlaza Wemiphunga OngengowaseNncinane (NSCLC)Yintoni i-NSCLC?Umhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci (NSCLC) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wemiphunga, lubalelwa malunga ne-80-85% yazo zonke iimeko zomhlaza wemiphunga. Ligama lesambrela elibandakanya iindidi ezininzi, elona lixhaphakileyo yi-adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, kunye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu.NSCLC StagingInqanaba le-NSCLC libalulekile ekumiseleni eyona ndlela yonyango ilungileyo. Inqanaba lichongwa ngobukhulu kunye nendawo ye-tumor, ingaba isasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, kwaye ingaba i-metastasized kwizitho ezikude.IiKhetho zonyango lwe-NSCLCSurgeryUtyando luhlala lunyango oluphambili lwe-NSCLC yokuqala. Injongo kukususa i-tumor kunye naziphi na ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane ezinokuqulatha iiseli zomhlaza. Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwelobe yonke yomphunga. Inyumoniya: Ukususwa komphunga wonke. Ukususwa kweWedge: Ukususwa kweqhekeza elincinane lemiphunga emiphunga. Segmentectomy: Ukususwa kwecandelo lomphunga, elikhulu kune-wedge resection kodwa lincinci kunelobectomy.Qaphela: Utyando alunakukhetha izigulane ezine-NSCLC ephucukileyo okanye ezinezinye iimeko zempilo ezenza utyando lube yingozi kakhulu.Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation therapy isebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-NSCLC ngeendlela ezininzi: Unyango lweBeam Radiation yangaphandle (EBRT): Imitha ihanjiswa kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Unyango lweRadiation Body Stereotactic (SBRT): Uhlobo oluchane kakhulu lwe-EBRT olusa ithamo elikhulu lokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo encinci. Ihlala isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga wenqanaba lokuqala xa utyando lungenzeki. Brachytherapy: Imathiriyeli ye-radioactive ibekwe ngqo okanye kufuphi nethumba.Unyango lwemitha lunokusetyenziswa lodwa okanye ludityaniswe nolunye unyango, olufana nechemotherapy. Thina e IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa baqonde ukubaluleka kokudibanisa unyango ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono. I-Baofa inkqenkqeza phambili kukhathalelo oluhlangeneyo lomhlaza.I-ChemotherapyI-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-NSCLC ephezulu okanye ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungaphindi emva kotyando. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-chemotherapy ye-NSCLC abandakanya: I-Cisplatin Carboplatin Pemetrexed Docetaxel PaclitaxelChemotherapy idla ngokunikezelwa ngemijikelo, kunye namaxesha onyango alandelwa ngamaxesha okuphumla. Imiphumo emibi ingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumachiza asetyenzisiweyo kunye nesigulane ngasinye.I-TherapyTargeted TherapyTargeted therapy isebenzisa iziyobisi ezijolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. La machiza asebenza ngakumbi kwaye aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunechemotherapy. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luqhelekile kwizigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo. Iithagethi eziqhelekileyo ziquka: EGFR: I-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor I-ALK: Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase I-ROS1: I-ROS1 Proto-Oncogene Isamkeli iTyrosine Kinase I-BRAF: B-Raf Proto-Oncogene, Serine/Threonine Kinase I-NTRK: I-Neurotrophic Tyrosine Receptor KinaseImizekelo yamachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo asetyenziswa kwi-NSCLC ibandakanya: Gefitinib (Iressa) Erlotinib (Tarceva) Afatinib (Gilotrif) Osimertinib (Tagrisso) Crizotinib (Xalkori) Ceritinib (Zykadia) I-Alectinib ekujoliswe kuyo eqhelekileyo (i-Alectinib yezigulane eziqalayo) uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze kubonwe ukuba banotshintsho ekujoliswe kulo.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukunceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. La machiza anokuthintela iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ze-immunotherapy ze-NSCLC ziquka: i-Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) i-Nivolumab (i-Opdivo) i-Atezolizumab (i-Tecentriq) i-Durvalumab (I-Imfinzi) I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idibene ne-chemotherapy okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango. Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukukhathala, i-skin rashes, kunye nokuvuvukala kwamalungu ahlukeneyo.I-NSCLC Unyango nge-StageStage I-NSCLCSurgery idla ngokuba yonyango oluphambili lwe-Stage I-NSCLC. I-SBRT inokuqwalaselwa ukuba isigulane asingomviwa wotyando.Inqanaba lesibini le-NSCLCTUnyango lweSigaba sesi-II i-NSCLC ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya utyando olulandelwa yi-chemotherapy. Unyango lwemitha lunokusetyenziswa kwakhona.Inqanaba lesithathu le-NSCLCTUnyango lweSigaba sesi-III se-NSCLC sinzima kakhulu kwaye sinokubandakanya indibaniselwano yotyando, ichemotherapy, kunye nonyango lweradiation. I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziselwa emva kwe-chemoradiation kwezinye iimeko.Inqanaba le-IV le-NSCLCTUnyango lweSigaba IV I-NSCLC igxile ekulawuleni ukukhula komhlaza kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu. Okukhethwa kukho kunokubandakanya ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, kunye nonyango lweradiation. Ukhetho lonyango olukhethiweyo luxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithile zomhlaza kunye nempilo yesigulana iyonke.Iilingo zeKlinikhi Ulingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya unyango olutsha lomhlaza. Izigulane ezine-NSCLC zinokufaneleka ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nolingo lwezonyango nokuba lukulungele na. IZiko loPhando loMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ukuzibophelela kuphando kuthetha ukuba sihlala sikwincam yokhetho olutsha lonyango, ngamanye amaxesha ngolingo lwezonyango.Ukwenza Izigqibo ngoNyangoUkukhetha unyango olululo lwe-NSCLC sisigqibo esinzima ekufuneka senziwe ngokubonisana neqela lakho lezempilo. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka inqanaba kunye nenxalenye yomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nezinto abazikhethayo. Ungalibazisi ukubuza imibuzo kwaye ufune uluvo lwesibini ukuba luyafuneka.I-Prognosis kunye ne-Survival RatesAmazinga okusinda kwi-NSCLC ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, unyango olufunyenweyo, kunye nezinye izinto. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuphucula amathuba okuphila. Inqanaba le-5-yeminyaka yokusinda kwiNqanaba I-68-92% iNqanaba II 53-60% iNqanaba III 13-36% iNqanaba IV Ngaphantsi kwe-10% * Umthombo: I-American Cancer Society (www.cancer.org)Ukuphila ne-NSCLCUkuphila ne-NSCLC kunokuba ngumngeni, kodwa zininzi izixhobo ezifumanekayo zokunceda izigulane kunye neentsapho zazo zihlangabezane nazo. Ezi zibonelelo zibandakanya amaqela enkxaso, iinkonzo zokucebisa, kunye neenkqubo zoncedo lwemali.