Umhlaza wePancreatic

Umhlaza wePancreatic sisifo apho iiseli ezinobungozi zenza kwizicubu ze-pancreas. Ukuqonda izinto ezinobungozi, ukuqaphela iimpawu zokuqala, kunye nokuhlola iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo zibalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo. Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi umhlaza wepancreatic, ukugubungela oonobangela bayo, iimpawu, iindlela zokuxilonga, izicwangciso zonyango, kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo.Yintoni iPancreatic Cancer?I-pancreas yindlala ebekwe emva kwesisu evelisa i-enzymes ezinceda ukugaya ukutya kunye namahomoni afana ne-insulin enceda ukulawula iswekile yegazi. Umhlaza wePancreatic kwenzeka xa iiseli ezikwi-pancreas zikhula ngaphandle kolawulo kwaye zenze ithumba. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze umhlaza wepancreatic:Amathumba e-Exocrine: Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo, zibalelwa malunga ne-95% yamatyala. Elona thumba lixhaphakileyo kwi-exocrine yi-adenocarcinoma, eqala kwiiseli ezihamba kwi-pancreatic ducts.Amathumba e-Endocrine (Neuroendocrine tumors-NETs): Ezi zinto aziqhelekanga kwaye ziphuhliswa kwiiseli ze-pancreas ezivelisa ihomoni. Zihlala zikhula ngokucothayo kuneexocrine tumors.IRisk Factors for Pancreatic CancerNgelixa unobangela woko umhlaza wepancreatic ayiqondwa ngokupheleleyo, imiba emininzi yomngcipheko ichongiwe:Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya ngumngcipheko omkhulu, ukonyusa umngcipheko kabini ukuya kathathu xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangatshayiyo.Ukutyeba: Ukuba nomzimba otyebileyo okanye otyebileyo, ngakumbi ngamafutha angaphezulu kwesisu, kwandisa umngcipheko.Isifo seswekile: Isifo sikashukela esihlala ixesha elide, ngakumbi uhlobo lwe-2, ludibaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo.I-Pancreatitis engapheliyo: Ukuvuvukala kwexesha elide le-pancreas kunokunyusa umngcipheko.Imbali yoSapho: Ukuba nembali yosapho lwe umhlaza wepancreatic okanye i-syndromes ethile yemfuza (umzekelo, i-BRCA1, i-BRCA2, i-Lynch syndrome) yandisa ingozi.Ubudala: Umngcipheko unyuka ngokukhula, kwaye iimeko ezininzi zifunyaniswa emva kweminyaka engama-60.Umdyarho: Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika banomngcipheko ophezulu kancinane kuneCaucasus.Iimpawu zoMhlaza wePancreaticKumanqanaba awo okuqala, umhlaza wepancreatic kaninzi ayibangeli zimpawu zibonakalayo. Njengoko i-tumor ikhula, iimpawu zinokuvela, kuquka:Iintlungu zesisu: Iintlungu kwisisu esiphezulu esinokuphuma ngasemva.Ijaundice: Ulusu kunye namehlo atyheli, ahlala ekhatshwa ngumchamo omnyama kunye nelindle. Oku kubangelwa lithumba elivala umbhobho wenyongo.Ukwehla kobunzima: Ukulahleka kwesisindo esingachazwanga luphawu oluqhelekileyo.Ukuphulukana noMdla: Ukuziva ugcwele ngokukhawuleza okanye ukunciphisa umdla wokutya.Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha: Inokwenzeka ngenxa ye-tumor ecinezela isisu okanye amathumbu.Utshintsho kwimikhwa yamathumbu: Urhudo okanye ukuqhina.Isifo Seswekile Esitsha: Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza wepancreatic kunokubangela isifo seswekile.Amahlwili egazi: Umhlaza wePancreatic unokunyusa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi, ngakumbi emilenzeni.Ukuxilongwa kwePancreatic CancerUkuxilongwa umhlaza wepancreatic ibandakanya indibaniselwano yolu vavanyo lulandelayo:Uvavanyo loMzimba kunye neMbali yezoNyango: Ugqirha uya kukubuza malunga neempawu zakho, izinto ezinobungozi kunye nembali yonyango.Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: I-CT Scan (iComputed Tomography): Ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha ye-pancreas kunye nezitho ezijikelezileyo ukufumanisa amathumba. I-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance): Olunye ubugcisa bomfanekiso obunokunceda ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wepancreas. I-Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Ityhubhu ebhityileyo, ebhetyebhetye ene-ultrasound probe ifakwa ngomlomo ukuya esiswini kunye ne-duodenum ukufumana imifanekiso ecacileyo ye-pancreas. I-EUS ingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha i-biopsies. I-ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Isetyenziselwa ukujonga i-bile kunye ne-pancreatic ducts. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubeka izitenti ukukhulula imivalo. I-Biopsy: Isampulu encinci yethishu iyasuswa kwi-pancreas kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa komhlaza. I-Biopsies inokufumaneka ngexesha le-EUS okanye utyando.Uvavanyo lwegazi: Iimvavanyo zokuSebenza kwesibindi: Vavanya ukusebenza kwesibindi, esinokuchaphazeleka umhlaza wepancreatic. Iimpawu zeTumor: I-CA 19-9 yi-tumor marker ukuba ngamanye amaxesha iphakanyisiwe kwizigulane ezine umhlaza wepancreatic. Nangona kunjalo, ayisoloko ichanekile kwaye inokuphakanyiswa kwezinye iimeko. Kwinqanaba lomhlaza wePancreaticKwakanye umhlaza wepancreatic ifunyaniswe, imiselwe ukufumanisa ubungakanani bomhlaza. Inqanaba linceda oogqirha ukuba banqume iindlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango kwaye baqikelele i-prognosis. Eyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo yeqonga yinkqubo ye-TNM:T (Ithumba): Ichaza ubungakanani kunye nobungakanani bethumba lokuqala.N (iiNodi): Ibonisa ukuba umhlaza unwenwele na kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane.M (iMetastasis): Ibonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude (umzekelo, isibindi, imiphunga). Ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lwe-TNM, umhlaza wepancreatic wabelwe inqanaba ukusuka kwi-I ukuya kwi-IV, kunye nenqanaba le-IV lelona liphambili.Iinketho zonyango lwePancreatic CancerUnyango lwe umhlaza wepancreatic kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yomguli ngokubanzi, kunye nezinye izinto. Iinketho zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziquka:Utyando: Inkqubo yeWhipple (Pancreaticoduodenectomy): Olu lolona tyando luxhaphakileyo lwe umhlaza wepancreatic ibekwe kwintloko ye-pancreas. Kubandakanya ukususa intloko ye-pancreas, i-duodenum, inxalenye yesisu, i-gallbladder, kunye ne-bile duct. Distal Pancreatectomy: Ukususwa komsila kunye nomzimba we-pancreas. Udakada nalo lunokususwa. Iyonke iPancreatectomy: Ukususwa kwe-pancreas yonke. Oku akuqhelekanga kwaye kufuna i-enzyme yobomi kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-insulin. Unyango ngamachiza: Usebenzisa iziyobisi ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwemichiza lunokunikwa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant), emva kotyando (adjuvant), okanye njengolona nyango luphambili kunyango oluphambili. umhlaza wepancreatic. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ze-chemotherapy ziquka i-gemcitabine, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-fluorouracil (5-FU).Unyango ngemitha: Isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwemitha lunokusetyenziswa kunye nechemotherapy okanye emva kotyando.Unyango olujolisiweyo: Iziyobisi ezijolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Ngokomzekelo, i-olaparib yi-PARP inhibitor engasetyenziselwa izigulane ezineenguqu ze-BRCA.I-Immunotherapy: Inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. Immunotherapy ayisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo umhlaza wepancreatic, kodwa inokuba yinto ekhethiweyo kwezinye izigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo okanye ezinye iimpawu.INkxaso yeNkxasoUkhathalelo lwenkxaso luyingxenye ebalulekileyo umhlaza wepancreatic unyango. Ijolise ekulawuleni iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yeemvakalelo. Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso lunokubandakanya:Ulawulo lweentlungu: Amayeza kunye nolunye unyango lokuthomalalisa iintlungu.Inkxaso yezondlo: Uncedo ngokutya kunye nokugcina ubunzima obunempilo. Unyango lokubuyisela i-pancreatic enzyme (PERT) luhlala luyimfuneko ukunceda ekucoleni.Inkxaso yoMvakalelo: Iingcebiso, amaqela enkxaso, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokunceda izigulane kunye neentsapho zabo ukumelana nemingeni yeemvakalelo umhlaza wepancreatic.Uvavanyo lweClinical Ulingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya unyango olutsha lwalo umhlaza wepancreatic. Izigulana zinokuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango ukufikelela kunyango oluphambili. Xoxa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunye nogqirha wakho. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ithatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwaye ikhuthaza ulingo lwezonyango, inegalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili unyango lomhlaza kunye nokhathalelo lwesigulane. Funda ngakumbi kwi https://baofahospital.com.Prognosis for Pancreatic CancerThe prognosis for umhlaza wepancreatic iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yomguli ngokubanzi, kunye nezinye izinto. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango lubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo. Izinga lokusinda leminyaka emi-5 ye umhlaza wepancreatic isezantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neminye imihlaza, kodwa iye yaphucuka kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yenkqubela-phambili yonyango. umhlaza wepancreatic, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:Yeka Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya ngoyena mngcipheko mkhulu, ngoko ke ukuyeka yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo onokuthi uzenze.Gcina Ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kwandisa umngcipheko.Lawula isifo seswekile: Lawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ukuba unesifo seswekile.Yitya Ukutya Okusempilweni: Ukutya okutyebileyo ngeziqhamo, imifuno, nokutya okuziinkozo kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.Nciphisa Ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kakhulu kunokunyusa umngcipheko.Fumana uHlolo lwarhoqo: Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemingcipheko yakho kunye nokuba ufuna naluphi na uvavanyo lokuhlola.IsipheloUmhlaza wePancreatic sisifo esiyingozi, kodwa ngokufunyaniswa kwangaphambili, ukuqhubela phambili kwonyango, kunye nokhathalelo olubanzi lwenkxaso, iziphumo eziphuculweyo zinokwenzeka. Ukuqonda izinto ezinobungozi bakho, ukuqaphela iimpawu, kunye nokusebenza ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lezempilo kubalulekile ekulawuleni umhlaza wepancreatic ngempumelelo. Kukwabalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba uphando kunyango lomhlaza olutsha olunjengonyango lwe-metabolic luqhubeka nokuvela, lunika ithemba elitsha kwizigulana. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ihlala iphambili kuphando lomhlaza, izama ukuphucula ubomi bezigulana ezichatshazelwe sesi sifo singumngeni.