renal cell carcinoma

I-Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza wezintso kubantu abadala. Isuka kumgca we-proximal convoluted tubule, inxalenye yeetyhubhu ezincinci ezintsoni ezihluza igazi kwaye zicoceke. Esi sikhokelo singena kwiintsonkotha ze renal cell carcinoma, ukugubungela yonke into ukusuka kwimingcipheko kunye neempawu ukuya kuxilongo, ukhetho lonyango, kunye ne-prognosis.Understanding IiRenal Cell CarcinomaYintoni IiRenal Cell Carcinoma?I-Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ngumhlaza oqala kwizintso. Izintso ngamalungu amabini amile okwembotyi, ngalinye lilingana nenqindi, elibekwe emva kwamalungu esisu sakho, elinye kwicala ngalinye lomnqonqo wakho. Owona msebenzi wabo kukucoca inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olugqithisileyo egazini lakho, oluthi ke lukhutshelwe kumchamo wakho. renal cell carcinoma zikhona, kunye neseli ecacileyo renal cell carcinoma ukuba yeyona ixhaphakileyo. Ezinye iintlobo ziquka i-papillary renal cell carcinoma, ichromophobe renal cell carcinoma, kunye nokuqokelela duct renal cell carcinoma.Iintlobo ze IiRenal Cell CarcinomaUkuqonda uhlobo oluthile lwe renal cell carcinoma ibalulekile ekumiseleni esona sicwangciso sonyango sisebenzayo. Ezinye zeentlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka: Sula iSeli IiRenal Cell Carcinoma: Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo, lubalelwa malunga ne-70-80% yamatyala. Ezi seli zibonakala ngokucacileyo phantsi kwe-microscope. Papillary IiRenal Cell Carcinoma: Uhlobo lwesibini oluqhelekileyo (i-10-15% yamatyala), olubonakaliswe ngokubonakala kweminwe. Chromophobe IiRenal Cell Carcinoma: Ibalelwa malunga ne-5% yamatyala kwaye idla ngokuba ne-prognosis engcono kuneseli ecacileyo renal cell carcinoma. Umbhobho wokuqokelela IiRenal Cell Carcinoma: Uhlobo olunqabileyo nolundlongondlongo lwe renal cell carcinoma.Izinto zoMngcipheko we IiRenal Cell CarcinomaZiliqela izinto ezinokonyusa umngcipheko wokukhula renal cell carcinoma: Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko. Ukutyeba: Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokwandisa amathuba okukhula renal cell carcinoma. Imbali yoSapho: Imbali yosapho yomhlaza wezintso ingawuphakamisa umngcipheko wakho. Iimeko ezithile zemfuzo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo se-von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), i-Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, kunye ne-tuberous sclerosis complex inokunyusa umngcipheko. I-Dialysis yexesha elide: Abantu abanokusilela kwezintso ezingapheliyo abafuna i-dialysis yexesha elide banomngcipheko omkhulu. Ukuvezwa kwizinto ezithile: I-Cadmium kunye nemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula iye yanxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko owongezelelekileyo.Iimpawu kunye noxilongo IiRenal Cell CarcinomaKwinqanaba layo lokuqala, renal cell carcinoma ayinakubanga naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Njengoko ithumba likhula, iimpawu zinokubandakanya: Igazi kumchamo (hematuria) Iqhuma okanye ubunzima ecaleni okanye emazantsi umqolo Intlungu ecaleni okanye ngasemva engasukiyo Ukwehla kobunzima Ukuphulukana nomdla wokutya Fever AnemiaKubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi zimpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko, kodwa ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kuzo, kubalulekile ukudibana nogqirha ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo. IiRenal Cell CarcinomaUkuxilonga renal cell carcinoma ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya indibaniselwano yoku kulandelayo: Uvavanyo loMzimba: Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukujonga nakuphi na ukungaqhelekanga. Uvavanyo lomchamo: Ukujonga igazi okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga kumchamo. Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nokukhangela ezinye iimpawu zomhlaza. Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: CT Scan: Ngokuqhelekileyo uvavanyo oluphambili lokujonga uxilongo renal cell carcinoma. I-MRI: Inokubonelela ngemifanekiso ethe kratya yezintso kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo. I-Ultrasound: Inokunceda ukwahlula phakathi kwamathumba aqinileyo kunye namaqhakuva. Ukuskena Amathambo: Ukuba kukho ukukrokra kwe-bone metastasis. I-Biopsy: Isampulu encinci yethishu iyasuswa kwizintso kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokumisela uhlobo lwe renal cell carcinoma.Unyango loKhetho lwe IiRenal Cell CarcinomaUnyango loNyangoUtyandoUtyando luhlala lolona nyango luphambili ekuhlaleni renal cell carcinoma. Ukhetho lotyando lubandakanya: I-Radical Nephrectomy: Ukususwa kwezintso zonke, izicubu ezijikelezileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-lymph nodes ekufutshane. I-Nephrectomy engaphelelanga: Ukususwa kwethumba kuphela kunye nomda omncinci wezicubu eziphilileyo. Oku kudla ngokukhethwa kumathumba amancinane okanye xa isigulana sinezintso enye kuphela.Non-UtyandoUnyangoUkuba utyando asiyondlela yokukhetha okanye ukuba umhlaza unwenwele, olunye unyango lunokusetyenziswa: Unyango olujolisiweyo: Iziyobisi ezijolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Imizekelo iquka i-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) ezifana ne-sunitinib (Sutent) kunye pazopanib (Votrient), kunye ne-mTOR inhibitors ezifana ne-everolimus (Afinitor) kunye ne-temsirolimus (Torisel). I-Immunotherapy: Amachiza anceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-PD-1 inhibitors ezifana ne-nivolumab (Opdivo) kunye ne-pembrolizumab (Keytruda), kunye ne-CTLA-4 inhibitors ezifana ne-ipilimumab (Yervoy). Unyango ngemitha: Ukusebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Oku akuqhelekanga ukusetyenziselwa renal cell carcinoma kodwa ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-metastasis yamathambo. Unyango lokukhupha amanzi: Ukusebenzisa ubushushu okanye ukubanda ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) kunye ne-cryoablation.Iinketho zoNyango lokuthelekiswa koNyango Inkcazo yeempembelelo zeSide eziqhelekileyo Radical Nephrectomy Ukususwa kwezintso zonke Iintlungu, usulelo, ukopha, ukuncipha komsebenzi wezintso. irhashalala eluswini, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu I-Immunotherapy Amachiza omeleza amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza Ukudinwa, irhashalala, urhudo, ukudumba kwamalungu. renal cell carcinoma kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka: Inqanaba lomhlaza Uhlobo lwe renal cell carcinoma Impilo yesigulana iyonke Ukusebenza konyango Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye nonyango lubalulekile ekuphuculeni isifo. renal cell carcinoma, ukuqeshwa ngokulandelelana rhoqo kubalulekile ukubeka iliso ukuphindaphinda kunye nokulawula nayiphi na imiphumo emibi yonyango. Ukulandelela kunokubandakanya iimviwo zomzimba, iimvavanyo zegazi, kunye novavanyo lwemifanekiso IiRenal Cell CarcinomaUkujongana namaqhingaUkuphila ne renal cell carcinoma kunokuba lucelomngeni, ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo. Ezinye iindlela zokumelana nemeko ziquka: Ukufuna inkxaso kusapho nezihlobo Ukujoyina iqela lenkxaso Ukuthetha nengcali okanye umcebisi Ukugcina impilo esempilweni, kuquka ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo iShandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute kunye IiRenal Cell Carcinoma UphandoAt IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, sizinikele ekuqhubeleni phambili uphando lomhlaza kunye nonyango, kuquka renal cell carcinoma. Iziko lethu ligxile kwiindlela ezintsha zokuxilongwa kunye nonyango, ngenjongo yokuphucula iziphumo kwizigulana kwihlabathi liphela.I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.Imithombo: Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika Iziko lomhlaza leSizwe