unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini

Unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga weSekondari: IsiKhokelo esiBanziUkuqonda ubunzima bonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga wesibini kufuna indlela entsonkothileyo. Eli nqaku libonelela ngenkcazo eneenkcukacha zoxilongo, ukhetho lonyango, kunye nokhathalelo lwenkxaso, ejolise ekuxhobiseni abantu kunye neentsapho zabo ngolwazi olufunekayo ukuhamba kolu hambo lucelomngeni. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokhathalelo lomntu kunye nokufikelela kubuchwephesha bezonyango obuphambili.

Unyango lweSekondari yoMhlaza weMiphunga: Isikhokelo esiBanzi

Umhlaza wesibini wemiphunga, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic, uyenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza ezisuka kwelinye icandelo lomzimba zisasazeka emiphungeni. Olu xilongo luzisa imiceli mngeni eyodwa, efuna isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo esithathela ingqalelo indawo yokuqala yomhlaza, ubungakanani bokubandakanyeka kwemiphunga, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana. Isebenza unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini ixhomekeke kwindlela yokufundisa ngeendlela ezininzi, ukudibanisa i-oncology yezonyango, i-radiation oncology, utyando, kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo.

Ukuqonda Ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukuze kusebenze unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya imbali yezonyango ngokucokisekileyo, uviwo lomzimba, izifundo zokucinga (ezifana ne-CT scans, i-PET scans, kunye ne-X-rays), kunye ne-biopsies ukuqinisekisa ubukho beeseli zomhlaza kunye nokumisela imvelaphi yazo. Ukuqonda indawo yomhlaza wokuqala kunye neempawu kubalulekile ekukhokeleni izigqibo zonyango. Ukubekwa komhlaza wesibini wemiphunga, ochaza ubungakanani besi sifo, nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni esona sicwangciso sifanelekileyo sonyango. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni i-prognosis kunye neziphumo zonyango. Uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha kunye noxilongo, cinga ngokubonisana neengcali kumaziko ophando omhlaza adumileyo afana IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu weSibini

Unyango Lwenkqubo

Unyango olucwangcisiweyo, olujolise ekujoliseni iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba, zihlala zisetyenziswa unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini. Ezi ziquka:

• Unyango ngamachiza: Usebenzisa amachiza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Iirejimeni ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy zikhona, ezilungiselelwe uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza kunye neempawu zesigulana. Iiarhente ze-chemotherapeutic ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, kunye ne-pemetrexed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuhluka kakhulu.
• Unyango olujolisiweyo: Usebenzisa amachiza ajolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Olu nyango luhlala lukhetha ngakumbi kune-chemotherapy, olunokuthi lukhokelele kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-EGFR inhibitors (umzekelo, i-gefitinib, i-erlotinib) kunye ne-ALK inhibitors (umzekelo, i-crizotinib).
• I-Immunotherapy: Bopha amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza. Ii-Checkpoint inhibitors, ezifana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini, evuselela amajoni omzimba ukuba abone kwaye atshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokusuka kumbi ukuya kobukhali kwaye zifuna ukubekwa esweni ngononophelo.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yemitha ephezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga iindawo ezithile zokubandakanyeka kwemiphunga, ukunciphisa iimpawu ezifana neentlungu kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ngokudibanisa nolunye unyango. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwemitha ziyafumaneka, kubandakanywa unyango lwemitha yangaphandle kunye nebrachytherapy.

Utyando

Utyando lunokuqwalaselwa kwiimeko ezikhethiweyo ze unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini, ngakumbi ukuba kukho i-metastasis eyedwa kwaye inokususwa ngotyando. Nangona kunjalo, utyando aluxhaphakanga kangako kumhlaza wesibini wemiphunga xa kuthelekiswa nomhlaza wemiphunga wokuqala. Ukuphononongwa ngononophelo ngugqirha we-thoracic kubalulekile ukumisela ukuba kunokwenzeka utyando kunye neenzuzo ezinokubakho.

Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso

Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kubantu abaphantsi kwabo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini. Oku kubandakanya ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kunyango, ukunika isiqabu kwiintlungu, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nenkxaso yeemvakalelo nezengqondo. Ukhathalelo lwePalliative lujolise ekuphuculeni intuthuzelo kunye nomgangatho wobomi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba nqanaba lomhlaza. Ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokhathalelo olubanzi lwenkxaso kubalulekile kwiziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo zesigulana.

Iimvavanyo zeklinikhi

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunokubonelela ngofikelelo kunyango oluqalayo kunye negalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili ulwazi malunga unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini. Ulingo lwezonyango luvavanya amachiza amatsha kunye nonyango, abonelela ngeenzuzo ezinokubakho kwabo bathatha inxaxheba. Izigulane kufuneka zixoxe ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizilingo zeklinikhi kunye ne-oncologist yazo.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Ukhetho lwe unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yesibini ixhomekeke kakhulu kumntu ngamnye kwaye ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa uhlobo kunye nendawo yomhlaza wokuqala, ubungakanani bokubandakanyeka kwemiphunga, impilo yonke yesigulana, kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumntu. Ukusebenzisana neqela leengcaphephe ezininzi, kubandakanywa ioncologists zonyango, i-radiation oncologists, oogqirha botyando, kunye neengcali zokhathalelo lwe-palliative, kubalulekile ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso sonyango lomntu. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa inika indlela ebanzi yokhathalelo lomhlaza.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.