unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous

Unyango lwe-squamous lung cancer iinketho ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana ngokubanzi, kunye nokukhethwa komntu ngamnye. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya utyando, unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye ne-immunotherapy. Rhoqo, indibaniselwano yolu nyango isetyenziselwa ukufikelela esona siphumo singcono.Umhlaza wemiphunga wesquamous luhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci (NSCLC). Isuka kwiiseli ze-squamous, ezisicaba, iiseli ezibhityileyo ezijikeleze i-airways emiphungeni. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lusoloko lunxulunyaniswa nokutshaya, nangona lunokwenzeka nakwabangatshayiyo. Ukuqonda iimpawu ze umhlaza wemiphunga kubalulekile ukumisela eyona isebenzayo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous isicwangciso. Imiba yoMngcipheko kunye noThinteloEyona nto iphambili yomngcipheko we umhlaza wemiphunga uyatshaya. Abanye oothunywashe abasengozini kukuchanabeka kumsi wecuba, iradon, iasbestos, neminye imichiza ethile. Nangona uthintelo olupheleleyo alusoloko lunokwenzeka, ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwezi zinto zomngcipheko kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa olu hlobo lomhlaza. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, ngakumbi kubantu abanembali yokutshaya, nako kubalulekile ekubhaqweni kwangoko. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute igxininisa amanyathelo okuthintela ngokufundisa impilo yoluntu, tyelela baofahospital.com ngolwazi oluthe kratya.Uxilongo kunye ne-StagingDiagnostic ProceduresDiagnosing umhlaza wemiphunga ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya indibaniselwano yovavanyo lomfanekiso (olufana ne-X-reyi yesifuba kunye ne-CT scans), i-bronchoscopy, kunye ne-biopsy. I-biopsy kukukhutshwa kwesampulu yethishu encinci ukuze ihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Oku kuvumela ii-pathologists ukuba ziqinisekise ubukho beeseli zomhlaza kunye nokumisela uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wemiphunga. Umhlaza Wemiphunga yeSquamous Kanye umhlaza wemiphunga xa kufunyaniswe, kuye kumiselwe ukufumanisa ubungakanani bokunwenwa komhlaza. Iqonga libalulekile ekukhetheni eyona ifanelekileyo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous. Inqanaba lidla ngokumiselwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-TNM (i-Tumor, Node, Metastasis), eqwalasela ubungakanani besisu, nokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, kwaye ingaba i-metastasized (isasazeka kwizitho ezikude) . unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous ukhetho lwenqanaba lokuqala umhlaza wemiphunga engasasazeki kwiindawo ezikude. Ukhetho lotyando lubandakanya: Ukususwa kweWedge: Ukususwa kweqhekeza elincinane lemiphunga emiphunga.Segmentectomy: Ukususwa kwenxalenye enkulu yomphunga kune-wedge resection.Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwelobe yonke yomphunga.Inyumoniya: Ukususwa komphunga uphela.Uhlobo lotyando olwenziweyo luxhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba, kwakunye nempilo yesigulane iyonke.Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation therapy isebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa njengeprayimari unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous okanye kudityaniswe notyando kunye nechemotherapy. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwemitha ziquka:Unyango lweBeam Radiation yangaphandle (EBRT): Imitha ihanjiswa kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba.Unyango lweRadiation Body Stereotactic (SBRT): Uhlobo oluchane ngakumbi lwe-EBRT olusa iidosi eziphezulu zokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo encinci.Brachytherapy: Imbewu okanye iingcingo ezisebenza ngeradioactive zifakwa ngqo okanye kufuphi nethumba elo.Unyango lweKhemotherapy Ikhemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga ethe yanwenwela ngaphaya kwemiphunga okanye iphinde yavela emva konyango lokuqala. Amachiza onyango lwe-Chemotherapy adla ngokulawulwa nge-intravenously (ngokusebenzisa umthambo). Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-chemotherapy asetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga zibandakanya i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-docetaxel.I-Targeted TherapyTargeted therapy iziyobisi ezijoliswe kwiimolekyuli ezithile (ezifana neeprotheni okanye iijini) ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. La machiza asebenza ngakumbi kwaye aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunechemotherapy yemveli. Nangona kunjalo, unyango olujoliswe kuyo lusebenza kuphela ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zinemolekyuli ethile ekujoliswe kuyo. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye umhlaza wemiphunga iiseli zineenguqu kwi-EGFR gene okanye i-ALK gene. Amachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo ajolise kolu tshintsho lunokusetyenziswa ukunyanga le mihlaza. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous ngokwesiqhelo ayiphenduli kakuhle kunyango ekujoliswe kulo njengezinye iindidi ze-NSCLC. Dibana noogqirha baseShandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ukuze ufumane iindlela zonyango oluchanekileyo.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy amayeza anceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. La machiza asebenza ngokuthintela iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. I-Immunotherapy ibonise iziphumo ezithembisayo ekunyangeni umhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi kwizigulane ezinomhlaza oye waqhubela phambili emva kwechemotherapy. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ze-immunotherapy ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga Ibandakanya i-pembrolizumab, i-nivolumab, kunye ne-atezolizumab. Unyango oluSekwe kwiNqanaba lokuqala (Inqanaba I & II) Kwinqanaba lokuqala umhlaza wemiphunga, utyando ludla ngokuba ngundoqo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous. Unyango lwemitha okanye ichemotherapy ingasetyenziswa emva kotyando ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Ukwinqanaba eliPhambili ekuhlaleni (iNqanaba le-III)Iphambili ekuhlaleni umhlaza wemiphunga isasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane kodwa hayi kwiindawo ezikude. Unyango lubandakanya indibaniselwano yechemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha. Utyando lunokuba lukhetho kwezinye iimeko. I-Metastatic (Inqanaba IV)I-Metastatic umhlaza wemiphunga isasazeke kumalungu akude. Iinketho zonyango ziquka i-chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, kunye nonyango lwe-radiation. Injongo yonyango kukulawula ukukhula komhlaza kunye nokukhulula iimpawu.Iimpembelelo ezisecaleni kunye noLawuloUnyango lwe-squamous lung cancer kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Iziphumo ezithile ebezingalindelekanga ezifunyenweyo ziya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lonyango olufunyenweyo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nezilonda emlonyeni. Ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga yinxalenye ebalulekileyo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous inkqubo. Izigulana kufuneka zithethe noogqirha bazo malunga naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga abazifumanayo ukuze babe nokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.Iilingo zeKlinikhi Ulingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya amatsha. unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous iinketho. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunokunika izigulane ukufikelela kunyango olukwinqanaba eliphezulu olungekafumaneki ngokubanzi. Izigulana ezinomdla wokuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lweklinikhi kufuneka zithethe noogqirha babo.I-Prognosis kunye neCakekelo lokuLandelelaI-prognosis for umhlaza wemiphunga kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nenqanaba lempilo yomguli unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous yamkelwe. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kwaye kwangoko unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous inokuphucula i-prognosis. Ukunyamekela kokulandelela kubalulekile emva koko unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous ukubeka esweni ukuphindaphinda nokulawula naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide.Isishwankathelo soKhetho loNyangoNantsi itheyibhile eshwankathela iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo umhlaza wemiphunga esekelwe eqongeni: Inqanaba Iinketho zoNyango oluQhelekileyo Inqanaba I & II (Early-Inqanaba) Utyando (resection), unyango lweradiation, ichemotherapy (adjuvant) Inqanaba III (Locally Advanced) Chemotherapy kunye neradiation therapy (ngaxeshanye), utyando (amatyala akhethiweyo) Inqanaba le-IV (Metastatic) Chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo (ukuba lukhona), ukuxilonga i-Squamtherapy radiation nge umhlaza wemiphunga inokuba ngamava anzima. Kubalulekile ukuba ube nenkqubo yenkxaso eyomeleleyo kunye nokufikelela kwimithombo enokukunceda ukuba umelane nemingeni yomzimba kunye neemvakalelo zomhlaza. Amaqela enkxaso, iingcebiso, kunye nokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa bonke banokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezine umhlaza wemiphunga. Khumbula ukuba unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga yesquamous kwaye ukhathalelo luyakhula ngokuqhubekayo, kunye neendlela ezintsha ezifumaneka rhoqo. Ukuhlala unolwazi kunye nokukhuthala kukhathalelo lwakho kubalulekile kwisiphumo esihle kakhulu esinokubakho. Ndwendwela i ngathi Icandelo le-website ye-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela yabo yokunyamekela izigulana kunye nophando.I-DisclaimerLe ngcaciso yenzelwe ulwazi ngokubanzi kunye neenjongo zolwazi kuphela, kwaye ayiqulunqi iingcebiso zonyango. Kubalulekile ukudibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo yakho okanye unyango.