isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda Izibhedlele

Inqanaba lesi-2 loNyango lweProstate Cancer: Izibhedlele kunye noKhetho

Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga iindlela zonyango zomhlaza wesibeleko senqanaba lesi-2, sijolise kukhetho olukhoyo kunye nendima ebalulekileyo yezibhedlele ezikhethekileyo ekuboneleleni ngononophelo olusebenzayo. Siza kugocagoca kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, sichaza izinto eziluncedo, ezimbi, kunye nokufaneleka kweeprofayili zesigulana ezahlukeneyo. Ukufumana isibhedlele esifanelekileyo kubalulekile kwiziphumo eziyimpumelelo, ngoko siza kuxoxa ngezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha indawo yoncedo lwakho. isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda.

Ukuqonda iNqanaba lesi-2 loMhlaza weProstate

Ukuchaza iNqanaba

Inqanaba lesi-2 lomhlaza wedlala lobudoda libonisa ukuba umhlaza ukwidlala lengqula, kodwa uhambele phambili kakhulu kunenqanaba loku-1. Awunwenwanga kwizicubu ezikufutshane okanye kwii-lymph nodes. Isiteji esichanekileyo sibalulekile ekunqumeni isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sonyango isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Oku kubandakanya ukuphononongwa ngokucokisekileyo yi-urologist okanye i-oncologist, kubandakanywa uvavanyo lwe-digital rectal, i-biopsy, kunye nezifundo zokucinga ezifana ne-MRI okanye i-CT scans.

Iinjongo zonyango

Iinjongo eziphambili ze isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda kukuphelisa umhlaza, ukulawula ukukhula kwawo, kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo kumgangatho wobomi. Izigqibo zonyango zenzelwe umntu ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neminyaka yesigulana, impilo yonke, kunye neempawu ezithile zomhlaza.

Iinketho zonyango kwiSigaba 2 soMhlaza weProstate

Uvavanyo olusebenzayo

Kwamanye amadoda anomhlaza we-prostate okhula kancinci kancinci, ukucupha okusebenzayo kunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo komhlaza ngokuhlolwa rhoqo kunye novavanyo, kunokuba unyango olukhawulezileyo. Uhlolo olusebenzayo lujongwa ngokuqhelekileyo kumadoda anobudala obuphantsi bokuphila okanye abo banezinye iimeko zempilo ezimandundu. Isigqibo sokulandela ucupho olusebenzayo kufuneka senziwe ngokubonisana ngononophelo kunye neengcali zonyango ezinamava isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda.

Utyando (Radical Prostatectomy)

I-Radical prostatectomy ibandakanya ukususwa ngotyando lwedlala lobudoda. Lunyango oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wedlala lesinyi kwaye lunokusebenza kakhulu ekufumaneni unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ithwala imingcipheko enokubakho, njengokungaphumeleli komchamo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile. I-robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy yindlela encinci yokunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela xa kuthelekiswa notyando oluvulekileyo.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle (EBRT) ihambisa imitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba, ngelixa ibrachytherapy ibandakanya ukufakela imbewu ye-radioactive ngqo kwidlala lesinyi. Unyango ngemitha luhlala lusetyenziswa njengenye indlela yotyando okanye ludityaniswe notyando lwe isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukudinwa, iingxaki zokuchama, kunye nemiba yamathumbu.

Unyango lweHormone

Unyango lweHormone, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), lujolise ekunciphiseni amanqanaba eehomoni zamadoda (androgens) ezikhulisa umhlaza wesinyi. Olu nyango luhlala lusetyenziswa kunye nolunye unyango lwenqanaba eliphezulu okanye elinomngcipheko ophezulu wesi-2 somhlaza wesibeleko okanye kwiimeko apho utyando okanye ukusasazeka kwemitha akunakwenzeka. Imiphumo emibi yonyango lwe-hormone ingabandakanya ukukhanya okutshisayo, ukunciphisa i-libido, kunye ne-osteoporosis.

Olunye Unyango

Kwiimeko ezithile, ezinye iindlela zonyango zinokuqwalaselwa, ezifana ne-high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) okanye i-cryotherapy. Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kancinci kunotyando kunye nemitha yelanga isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda, nokufaneleka kwazo kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye. Hlala uxoxa ngazo zonke iindlela zonyango kunye ne-oncologist yakho ukumisela eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza.

Ukukhetha iSibhedlele esiLungileyo kwiNqanaba lesi-2 loNyango lweProstate Cancer

Ukukhetha isibhedlele esinobuchule kunyango lomhlaza wedlala lobudoda kubaluleke kakhulu. Qwalasela ezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• Iingcali ze-urologists kunye nee-oncologists ezijongene nomhlaza we-prostate.
• Ubuchwephesha bonyango oluphezulu kunye nobuchule (umzekelo, utyando lwerobhothi, unyango oluphezulu lweradiation).
• Iinkonzo zenkxaso ezibanzi, kubandakanywa abongikazi be-oncology, oonontlalontle, kunye namaqela enkxaso.
• Imilinganiselo ephezulu yokwaneliseka kwesigulane kunye nobungqina obuhle besigulane.
• Ukuvunywa kwemibutho echaphazelekayo.

Ukufumana iNkxaso kunye neZibonelelo

Ukujongana nokuxilongwa komhlaza wesibeleko kunokuba nzima. Kukho imibutho emininzi yenkxaso ezinikele ekuboneleleni abaguli kunye neentsapho zabo ngolwazi, izixhobo kunye nenkxaso yeemvakalelo. Le mibutho inokuba luncedo ekujongeni imingeni ehambelana nayo isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Cinga ngokuqhagamshelana ne-American Cancer Society okanye eminye imibutho efanelekileyo kwingingqi yakho.

Ukuzihlangula

Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nonyango oluphezulu lomhlaza kunye nokhathalelo olubanzi, ndwendwela IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa. Banikezela ngamaziko akumgangatho ophezulu kunye neengcali ezinamava ezizinikele ekuncedeni izigulana zihambe kuhambo lwabo lomhlaza. Cinga ngokuphonononga ubuchule babo kwi isigaba 2 unyango umhlaza wedlala lobudoda.

¹Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika. (n.d.). Umhlaza weProstate. Ifunyenwe [Faka ikhonkco le-ACS apha]

²Iziko lomhlaza leSizwe. (n.d.). Unyango lweProstate Cancer. Ifunyenwe [Faka ikhonkco leNCI apha]