Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kwizibhedlele zoMhlaza

UNikezelo lweChiza ekuJoliswe kulo kwizibhedlele zoMhlaza: Ukuphucula uNyango oluFanelekileyo Iinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo zokuhanjiswa kwamayeza ziguqula unyango lomhlaza, zibonelela ngokuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincitshisiweyo kwizigulana. Eli nqaku liphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kwi ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezijoliswe kwizibhedlele zomhlaza, ukuphonononga iindlela zabo, izinto eziluncedo kunye nemingeni. Siza kungena kwimizekelo ethile kwaye siqwalasele ikamva lale ntsimi ibalulekileyo kwi-oncology.

Ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ekuJoliswe kuzo

Yintoni uHanjiso lweziyobisi oluJolisiweyo?

Ngokungafaniyo nechemotherapy yesiko, ehambisa iziyobisi kuwo wonke umzimba, ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezijoliswe kwizibhedlele zomhlaza igxile ekuhambiseni ii-arhente zonyango ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza. Le ndlela inciphisa umonakalo kwizicubu eziphilileyo, ezikhokelela kwimiphumo emibi embalwa kunye neziphumo zonyango eziphuculweyo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenzisiweyo ukufezekisa oku kunikezelwa okujoliswe kuyo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye nezicelo.

IiNdlela zokuNika iziyobisi ekuJoliswe kuzo

Zininzi iindlela eziququzelelayo ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezijoliswe kwizibhedlele zomhlaza. Ezi ziquka:

• I-antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs): Amajoni omzimba abopha ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza, ethwele iyeza elincanyathiselweyo ngqo kwithumba.
• Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi kwiLiposomal: Iziyobisi zifakwe ngaphakathi kwi-liposomes, ezithi ke zijoliswe kwiiseli zomhlaza zisebenzisa ii-ligands ezithile okanye izilwa-buhlungu.
• Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi zeNanoparticle: I-Nanoparticles inokuthi iyilwe ukuthwala amachiza kwindawo ye-tumor, enokuthi isebenzise i-permeability ephuculweyo kunye nokugcinwa (EPR) umphumo.
• Iinanoparticles ekujoliswe kuzo: Ezi zisebenzisa ukuguqulwa komphezulu njengeligands okanye izilwa-buhlungu ekujoliswe kuzo kwiiseli zethumba.

Iindidi zeeNkqubo eziJolisiweyo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi

I-Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs)

Ii-ADCs zingumzekelo obalaseleyo we ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezijoliswe kwizibhedlele zomhlaza. Badibanisa ukuchaneka kwee-antibodies ze-monoclonal kunye namandla eziyobisi ze-cytotoxic. Le ndlela yokuphucula ukusebenza ngokuhambisa iyeza ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza, ngelixa igcina izicubu ezisempilweni. Umzekelo, i-trastuzumab emtansine (i-Kadcyla) yi-ADC esetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-HER2-positive.¹

Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi kwiLiposomal

I-Liposomes idibanisa iyeza, likhusela ekuthotyweni kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokujikeleza kwegazi. Le pharmacokinetics ephuculweyo ivumela ukuhanjiswa okujoliswe kuyo kwiiseli ze-tumor ngokusebenzisa i-ligands ekujoliswe kuyo okanye ukuqokelelwa kwe-passive ngesiphumo se-EPR. I-Doxorubicin liposomes (umzekelo, i-Doxil) ngumzekelo ovunyiweyo weklinikhi.²

Izinto eziluncedo kunye neMingeni yoHanjiso lweziyobisi oluJolisiweyo

Ikamva loNikezelo lweziyobisi oluJolisiweyo kwizibhedlele zoMhlaza

Uphando luyaqhubeka nokucokisa nokwandisa okunokwenzeka ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ezijoliswe kwizibhedlele zomhlaza. Inkqubela phambili kwi-nanotechnology, i-genomics, kunye ne-imaging ikhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweenkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nezisebenzayo. Ukudityaniswa kweyeza lomntu kunye nokusetyenziswa konyango oludibeneyo lukwavula indlela yeziphumo eziphuculweyo kunyango lomhlaza. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nonyango oluphezulu lomhlaza kunye nophando, tyelela i IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.

¹ I-FDA. (n.d.). Kadcyla (trastuzumab emtansine). Ifunyenwe [https://www.fda.gov/drugs/informationondrugs/approveddrugs/ucm361642.htm](https://www.fda.gov/drugs/informationondrugs/approveddrugs/ucm361642.htm)

² I-FDA. (n.d.). I-DOXIL (isitofu se-doxorubicin HCl liposomal). Ifunyenwe [https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=020515](https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo5=0)