unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga

IiNdlela zoNyango lweNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga

Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga luxilongo olunzima, kodwa inkqubela phambili kunyango inika ithemba kunye nomgangatho wobomi obuphuculweyo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga ezahlukeneyo unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga iinketho, ukusebenza kwazo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka, kunye nokuqwalaselwa ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo. Siza kuphonononga kuphando lwamva nje kunye neendlela zokukunceda uqonde iinketho zakho kwaye uhambe kolu hambo lucelomngeni.

Ukuqonda iNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga

Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic, lithetha ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwemiphunga uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila. Eyona nto ingqalileyo unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga Isicwangciso siya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya uhlobo kunye nendawo yomhlaza, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo.

IiNdlela zoNyango lweNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy yinto eqhelekileyo unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga esebenzisa iziyobisi ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Inokulawulwa ngomthambo okanye ngomlomo. Iirejimeni ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy zikhona, kwaye ukhetho luxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Iziphumo ezinokuthi zibekho ziquka ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nezilonda emlonyeni. I-oncologist yakho iya kuxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neendlela zokulawula.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza ngelixa enciphisa ingozi kwiiseli eziphilileyo. La machiza asebenza ngokuthintela iimolekyuli ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zikhule kwaye zisasazeke. Ukusebenza kwonyango olujoliswe kuyo kuxhomekeke kubukho bezofuzo ezithile kwiiseli zomhlaza. I-biopsy idla ngokufuneka ukugqiba ukuba ngaba unyango olujoliswe kuyo lufanelekile. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwahluka kodwa azibi kakhulu kunechemotherapy.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Olu nyango lunceda amajoni omzimba abone kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza ngokufanelekileyo. I-Immunotherapy ibonise iziphumo ezithembisayo ekunyangeni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wemiphunga, kubandakanywa nesigaba 4. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ziquka ukukhathala, ukuqhuma kwesikhumba kunye nokuvuvukala.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amathumba, ukukhulula intlungu, kunye nokuphucula iimpawu. Unyango lwe-radiation lunokulawulwa ngaphandle (i-radiation yangaphandle ye-radiation) okanye ngaphakathi (i-brachytherapy). Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo enyangwayo kunye nethamo lemitha.

Utyando

Utyando aluqhelekanga ukuba lukhetho lwenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga kuba umhlaza usasazeke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokuthi luthathelwe ingqalelo ukususa i-tumor ebangela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo okanye ukunciphisa ingxaki ethile, njengokuvaleka kwindlela yomoya.

Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso

Ukunyamekela kwenkxaso kugxile ekulawuleni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulawulwa kweentlungu, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nenkxaso yeemvakalelo. Ukhathalelo lwePalliative yindlela ekhethekileyo yokhathalelo lwenkxaso eyenzelwe ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kubantu abanezigulo ezimandundu.

Ukukhetha Unyango Olululo

Eyona ilungileyo unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga isicwangciso sesomntu ngamnye. I-oncologist yakho iya kusebenza nawe ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso esiqwalasela imeko yakho ethile, izinto ozikhethayo kunye neenjongo. Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo luyimfuneko kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango. Ungalibazisi ukubuza imibuzo kwaye uchaze inkxalabo yakho.

Ulwazi oluthe vetshe kunye neNkxaso

Ngolwazi olongezelelweyo kunye nenkxaso, cinga ukufikelela kwimibutho ehloniphekileyo efana ne-American Cancer Society okanye iNational Cancer Institute. Le mibutho ibonelela ngezibonelelo, amaqela enkxaso, kunye nezixhobo zokufunda kubantu abachatshazelwe ngumhlaza wemiphunga.

Ngelixa olu lwazi lunika amagqabantshintshi jikelele unyango lwesigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga iinketho, asiyonto endaweni yeengcebiso zonyango lobungcali. Hlala uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye i-oncologist ukuze uxilongwe kunye neengcebiso zonyango ezilungiselelwe imeko yakho ethile. Kukhathalelo lomntu kunye nonyango oluphezulu, cinga ngokuphonononga iinkonzo ezibanzi ezinikezelwa e IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Dibana nengcali yezempilo ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye phambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.