unyango oluphuculweyo lomhlaza wemiphunga

IiNdlela eziPhambili zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga inkqubela phambili yamva nje kwi unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga phambili, ukubonelela ngengqiqo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye nemiphumo enokubakho. Siphengulula kunyango olusele lusekiwe kwaye luvelayo ukukunceda ukuba uqonde iindlela onokukhetha kuzo kwaye wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi ngokubonisana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ukukhangela iingxaki ze unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga phambili kufuna ukuqondwa kakuhle kwesi sifo kunye nonyango olukhoyo. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikezeni loo ngcaciso.

Ukuqonda Advanced Lung Cancer

Inqanaba kunye nokuxilongwa

Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo umhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu kubalulekile ekumiseleni eyona ndlela yonyango ilungileyo. Oku kubandakanya uthotho lweemvavanyo, kuquka iimaging scans (CT, PET), ibiopsy, novavanyo lwegazi. Inqanaba lomhlaza-nokuba uhambele phambili ekuhlaleni okanye une-metastatic-luchaphazela kakhulu ukhetho lonyango. Ukuqonda iinkcukacha zoxilongo lwakho linyathelo lokuqala ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso sonyango lomntu.

Iindidi zoMhlaza woMphunga oPhezulu

Umhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu ibandakanya zombini umhlaza wemiphunga omncinci weseli (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongewona mncinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC ichaza uninzi lweemeko zomhlaza wemiphunga kwaye iphinda ihlelwe ngokweenxalenye (i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, i-cell carcinoma enkulu), nganye inokuthi iphendule ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunyango olwahlukeneyo. Lo mahluko ubalulekile ekuthungeni unyango izicwangciso.

IiNdlela zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu oseNtu

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy ihlala isisiseko se unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga phambili. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, ezidla ngokufakwa emithanjeni. Kukho iirejimeni ezininzi zechemotherapy, nganye ilungiselelwe uhlobo oluthile kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Ukhetho lwerejimeni luqwalasela imiba efana nempilo yesigulana iyonke kunye nobukho botshintsho oluthile lwemfuza. Iiarhente ze-chemotherapeutic ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, kunye ne-paclitaxel. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyahluka kodwa zinokubandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, nokulahleka kweenwele.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lujolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile eziqhuba ukukhula komhlaza. Ezi zonyango zisebenza ngokukodwa kwizigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezifana ne-EGFR, ALK, ROS1, okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-BRAF. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) njenge-gefitinib kunye ne-erlotinib, kunye ne-ALK inhibitors njenge-crizotinib. Ukusebenza konyango olujoliswe kuyo kuxhomekeke kubukho beempawu ezithile zofuzo ezichongwe ngovavanyo lwe-biopsy. IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa inikezela ngovavanyo oluphambili lwemfuzo ukukhokela izigqibo zonyango olulolwakho.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. I-immune checkpoint inhibitors, ezifana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab, iiprotheni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. La machiza ayitshintshile i unyango kwabanye umhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu, ekhokelela ekuphuculeni okubonakalayo kumazinga okusinda. Nangona kunjalo, i-immunotherapy ayisebenzi kuzo zonke izigulane, kwaye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zingabandakanya ukukhathala kunye neziganeko ezimbi ezinxulumene nomzimba.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amathumba, ukunciphisa iimpawu, okanye ukuphucula ukusebenza kolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha ye-Stereotactic body radiation (SBRT) luhlobo oluchane kakhulu lwemitha yokusasazeka ehambisa iidosi eziphezulu zokusasazeka kwemitha kwindawo encinci, inciphisa umonakalo kwizihlunu ezisempilweni ezingqongileyo. Unyango ngemitha lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokucaphuka kwesikhumba kunye nokudinwa.

Utyando

Utyando lunokuba lukhetho lwezigulana ezihambele phambili ekuhlaleni umhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi ukuba ithumba liyakwazi ukuphinda lisebenze (linokususwa ngotyando). Indlela yotyando ixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. Ubuchwephesha botyando obuncinci buhlala bukhethwa ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye neengxaki.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Ukukhetha eyona ilungileyo unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga phambili kufuna kuqwalaselwe ngenyameko iinkalo eziliqela, kuquka inqanaba nohlobo lomhlaza, impilo yomguli ngokubanzi, nemiphumo enokubakho. Iqela leengcali zezempilo, kubandakanywa ii-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, kunye neengcali ze-radiation oncologists, kufuneka basebenzisane ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe iimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo neqela lakho lezempilo lubalulekile kulo lonke ixesha unyango inkqubo.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.

Imithombo: [Dwelisa imithombo yolwazi ethembekileyo yeenkcukacha-manani nolwazi olucatshulwe kwinqaku. Bandakanya amakhonkco kwiiwebhusayithi ezifanelekileyo ezivela kwimibutho ehloniphekileyo efana neNational Cancer Institute (NCI) okanye i-American Lung Association (ALA).]