unyango lwebele ithumba unyango

Unyango kunye noLawulo lweeTumors zeBreast: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi Umhlaza wamabele sisifo esintsonkothileyo esineendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba, uhlobo, kunye nezinto zesigulana ngasinye. Esi sikhokelo sinika amagqabantshintshi abanzi unyango lwebele ithumba iinketho, ugxininisa ukubaluleka kokhathalelo lomntu kunye nentsebenziswano kunye neqela lezempilo lezempilo. Ijolise ekuxhobiseni abantu ngolwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze baqhubele phambili unyango uhambo ngempumelelo.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza wamabele kunye nezigaba zawo

Ngaphambi kokukhangela unyango lwebele ithumba ukhetho, kubalulekile ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezigaba zomhlaza wamabele. Umhlaza wamabele uhlelwa ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lweeseli ezibandakanyekayo (umzekelo, i-ductal, lobular), ubukho be-hormone receptors (i-estrogen receptor, i-progesterone receptor, i-HER2), kunye nebakala lethumba (indlela ezingaqhelekanga ngayo iiseli). I-Staging, edla ngokugqitywa kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-TNM (iTumor, Node, Metastasis), ivavanya ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. Iqonga elichanekileyo libaluleke kakhulu kwisikhokelo unyango izigqibo.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza wamabele

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaza wamabele, nganye kuzo ineempawu zayo namandla ayo unyango izicwangciso. Ezi ziquka invasive ductal carcinoma (olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo), invasive lobular carcinoma, kunye nezinye. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile kubalulekile kumntu ngamnye unyango ukucwangcisa. I-oncologist yakho iya kuqhuba uviwo olucokisekileyo kunye novavanyo lokuxilonga ukujonga uhlobo oluthile kunye neempawu zomhlaza wakho webele.

Umhlaza wamabele weqonga

Inkqubo yeqonga isebenzisa iindlela ezininzi, ezifana nobukhulu bethumba, ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kunye nobukho be-metastasis ekude. Ukwazi iqonga kukhokela ukhetho olufanelekileyo unyango iinketho.

Iinketho Zonyango Lwethumba Lebele

Unyango lwethumba lebele ihlala ibandakanya indibaniselwano yeendlela ezilungiselelwe imeko yomntu ngamnye. Iinketho eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

Utyando

Utyando lujolise ekususeni ithumba lomhlaza kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kubungakanani bethumba, indawo elikuyo kunye nenqanaba. Iinketho ziquka i-lumpectomy (ukususwa kwethumba kuphela), i-mastectomy (ukususwa kwebele), kunye ne-axillary lymph node dissection okanye i-sentinel lymph node biopsy ukujonga ukusasazeka komhlaza kwiilymph nodes.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (unyango lwe-neoadjuvant) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (unyango lwe-adjuvant) ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo, okanye njengeyona nto iphambili. unyango kwezinye iimeko.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza webele oye wasasazeka ngaphaya kwebele okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda.

Unyango lweHormone

Unyango lweHormone lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela iziphumo zeehomoni ezibangela ukukhula kwamanye amabele omhlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa umhlaza webele we-hormone receptor-positive.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo ngamachiza ahlasela iimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokukodwa kwi-HER2-positive breast cancers.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa neeseli zomhlaza. Le ndlela iya iphononongwa ngakumbi kumhlaza webele unyango.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Ukukhetha okulungileyo unyango lwebele ithumba isicwangciso yinkqubo yentsebenziswano ebandakanya isigulana, i-oncologist yabo, kunye nezinye iingcali zempilo. Izinto eziqwalaselwayo ziquka: Inqanaba lomhlaza Uhlobo lweeseli zomhlaza Impilo yesigulana iyonke Ukukhethwa kwesigulanaKubalulekile ukuba neencoko ezivulelekileyo nezinyanisekileyo neqela lakho lezempilo ukuze uqonde zonke iindlela ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo kwaye wenze izigqibo ezizizo. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa (https://www.baofahospital.com/) uzinikele ekunikeni ukhathalelo olubanzi nolunovelwano lomhlaza, kwaye unikezela ngeendlela ezininzi unyango lwebele ithumba.

Ukhathalelo lwasemva koNyango kunye neNkxaso

Ukulandela unyango lwebele ithumba, ukhathalelo oluqhubekayo kunye nenkxaso ibalulekile kwintlalontle yexesha elide. Oku kubandakanya ukujongwa rhoqo, ukubeka esweni ukuphinda, kunye nokujongana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga unyango. Amaqela enkxaso kunye neenkonzo zoluleko zinokubonelela ngoncedo lweemvakalelo nangoncedo olusebenzayo.

Ukulawula iZiphumo eziPhakamileyo

Unyango lwethumba lebele kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu, ukulahleka kweenwele, kunye nabanye. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo kwaye uphuhlise amacebo okulawula ngokusebenzayo.

Iimvavanyo zeklinikhi

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunokunika ufikelelo kwizinto ezintsha unyango iindlela. Ugqirha wakho we-oncologist unokuxoxa ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lweklinikhi kufanelekile na kwimeko yakho.

Izibonelelo kunye nolunye ulwazi

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga unyango lwebele ithumba, izixhobo ezithembekileyo ziquka iNational Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/kunye noMbutho weCancer waseMelika (https://www.cancer.org/). Le mibutho inikezela ngolwazi olubanzi, inkxaso kunye nezikhokelo.