unyango umhlaza yezintso

Unyango loMhlaza Wezintso: Isikhokelo esiBanziUkuqonda uMhlaza wezintso kunye noKhetho loNyango Esi sikhokelo sibonelela ngophononongo olubanzi lomhlaza wezintso, iintlobo zawo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokhetho olukhoyo lonyango. Siza kuphonononga iindlela zokuxilonga, iindlela zonyango, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho, sikuxhobise ngolwazi lokwenza izigqibo ezizizo malunga nempilo yakho. Siza kuphinda sixoxe ngokubaluleka kwenkxaso eqhubekayo kunye nezibonelelo ezikhoyo kwizigulane kunye neentsapho zabo. Khumbula, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kuphucula kakhulu iziphumo ze unyango umhlaza yezintso.

Iintlobo zoMhlaza wezintso

Umhlaza wezintso ubandakanya iindidi ezininzi, oyena uxhaphakileyo yirenal cell carcinoma (RCC). I-RCC ngokwayo ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye neempendulo zonyango. Eminye imihlaza yezintso engaqhelekanga iquka i-transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) kunye nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor). Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wezintso kubalulekile ekumiseleni olona lusebenzayo unyango umhlaza yezintso isicwangciso.

IiRenal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

I-RCC yenza i-akhawunti yoninzi lwee-cancer zezintso. I-subtypes yayo, njenge-cell ecacileyo, i-papillary, i-chromophobe, kunye nokuqokelela i-RCC ye-duct, iyahluka kwi-genetic makeup, iipatheni zokukhula, kunye neempendulo kunyango. I-subtype ethile ichaphazela ukhetho lonyango.

I-Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC)

I-TCC iqala kwinwebu ye-pelvis yezintso kunye ne-ureter. Unyango lwayo ludla ngokubandakanya utyando, unyango lwechemotherapy, kunye/okanye unyango lwemitha, kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba nobungakanani besifo.

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

I-Wilms tumor ngumhlaza wezintso onqabileyo ochaphazela kakhulu abantwana. Unyango lubandakanya utyando, ichemotherapy, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha unyango lweradiation.

Ukufumanisa umhlaza wezintso

Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko ngundoqo kwimpumelelo unyango umhlaza yezintso. Uxilongo ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya indibaniselwano: Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya iimpawu zakho kwaye enze uviwo lomzimba. Iimvavanyo zokucinga: Ezi ziquka i-ultrasound, i-CT scan, i-MRI, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunceda ukufumanisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nomhlaza wezintso.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza wezintso

Iinketho zonyango ze unyango umhlaza yezintso ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kubandakanywa uhlobo, inqanaba, kunye nebakala lomhlaza, kunye nempilo yomguli ngokubanzi. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya: Utyando: I-Nephrectomy (ukususwa ngotyando kwizintso) lukhetho oluphambili lonyango lomhlaza wezintso wendawo. I-nephrectomy engaphelelanga (ukususwa kwenxalenye yomhlaza yezintso kuphela) kunokuba lukhetho kwezinye iimeko. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa (https://www.baofahospital.com/) ibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu botyando kunyango lomhlaza wezintso. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo: La mayeza ajolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza, enika enye indlela enetyhefu encinci kwichemotherapy yesiko kwezinye iimeko. Immunotherapy: Olu nyango luxhobisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza. Iyasebenza kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wezintso, ngakumbi amanqanaba aphezulu. Unyango Ngamachiza: Unyango ngamachiza lunokusetyenziswa kumanqanaba aphezulu omhlaza wezintso, ngokufuthi zidityaniswe nolunye unyango. I-radiation Therapy: Unyango lwe-radiation lunokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile, ezifana nokunciphisa intlungu ebangelwa sisifo se-metastatic.

Umhlaza Wezintso

Inqanaba lomhlaza wezintso linceda ukumisela ubungakanani besifo kunye nokucwangcisa unyango. Inkqubo yesiteji isebenzisa amanani aseRoma (I-IV), kunye ne-I ibe yendawo kunye ne-IV emele i-metastasis ebanzi. Iqonga lichaphazela kakhulu i unyango umhlaza yezintso iqhinga.

Itheyibhile yeStaging Cancer

Iqonga	Inkcazo	Iinketho zonyango
I	Umhlaza uvalelwe kwizintso	Utyando (i-nephrectomy engaphelelanga okanye enzulu)
II	Umhlaza usasazeke kwizicubu ezikufutshane okanye kwi-lymph nodes	Utyando, olulandelwa lunyango lwe-adjuvant (umzekelo, i-immunotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo)
III	Umhlaza usasazeka kwii-lymph nodes ezikude	Utyando, ichemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, okanye unyango olujoliswe kuyo
IV	Umhlaza usasazeka kwiindawo ezikude (imetastasis)	Ukudibanisa i-chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, kunye nonyango olujoliswe kuyo; ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa

Ukuphila noMhlaza Wezintso

Ukuphila nomhlaza wezintso kunokuzisa imingeni, ngokwasemzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo. Amaqela enkxaso, iingcebiso, kunye nonxibelelwano neqela lakho lezempilo zibalulekile ngeli xesha. Khumbula ukuba izixhobo zikhona zokukunceda uhambe kolu hambo.

Ukuzihlangula

Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze uxilongwe kwaye unyange nayiphi na imeko yezonyango.Imithombo:Iziko loMhlaza leSizwe (NCI) Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika (ACS) Ikliniki yaseMayo