unyango lomhlaza webele

Unyango lomhlaza webele ixhomekeke kakhulu kumntu ngamnye kwaye ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa inqanaba kunye nebakala lomhlaza, isimo se-hormone receptor, isimo se-HER2, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo. Eqhelekileyo unyango iinketho ziquka utyando, unyango lwemitha, ichemotherapy, unyango hormone, unyango ekujoliswe, kunye immunotherapy, edla ngokusetyenziswa indibaniselwano. Esi sikhokelo sinika isishwankathelo esineenkcukacha zezi unyango iindlela, inkqubela phambili yamva nje, kunye noko izigulane zinokulindela.Ukuqonda uMhlaza wamabele kunye noKhetho loNyangoUmhlaza wamabele sisifo esintsonkothileyo, kwaye siyasebenza unyango kufuna ukuqondwa ngokucokisekileyo kweempawu zayo. Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe ekukhethweni kwezona zifanelekileyo unyango isicwangciso.Izinto eziPhembelela iZigqibo zoNyango Inqanaba loMhlaza: Oku kubonisa ukuba umhlaza unwenwe kangakanani na. IBakala loMhlaza: Oku kubhekiselele kwindlela engaqhelekanga ngayo iiseli zomhlaza ezijongeka phantsi kwemakroskopu kunye nokuba zinokukhula kwaye zinwenwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na. Ubume beHormone Receptor (ER/PR): Ingaba iiseli zomhlaza zine-receptors ye-estrogen (ER) kunye / okanye iprogesterone (PR). Isimo se-HER2: Ingaba iiseli zomhlaza zineprotheni eninzi ye-HER2, ekhuthaza ukukhula komhlaza. Impilo iyonke: Impilo yesigulane ngokubanzi kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zonyango. Izinto ezikhethwa sisigulana: Iinqobo zomntu zomguli kunye neminqweno yakhe malunga unyango iinketho.Utyando loNyangoUtyando ludla ngokuba ngumgca wokuqala we unyango lomhlaza webele, ingakumbi kwisigaba sokuqala sokugula.Iintlobo zoTyando loMhlaza wamabele Lumpectomy: Ukususwa kwe-tumor kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu ezijikelezayo. Idla ngokulandelwa lunyango lwemitha. Mastectomy: Ukususwa kwebele lonke. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi, kuquka: Ukususwa kweMastectomy elula okanye iyonke: Ukususwa kwebele lonke. Ukususwa kweRadical Mastectomy eLungisiweyo: Ukususwa kwebele lonke kunye ne-lymph nodes phantsi kwengalo. Ukunyangwa kweMastectomy: Ukususwa kwezicubu zebele, ingono, kunye ne-areola, kodwa igcina imvulophu yesikhumba. Ukususwa kweNipple-Sparing Mastectomy: Ukususwa kwezicubu zebele ngelixa ugcina ulusu, ingono kunye ne-areola. I-Lymph Node Biopsy: Ukususwa kwee-lymph nodes ukujonga ukusasazeka komhlaza. Oku kunokwenziwa njenge-sentinel lymph node biopsy (ukususa kuphela ii-lymph nodes ezimbalwa zokuqala) okanye i-axillary lymph node dissection (ukususa ii-lymph nodes ezininzi) .Unyango lweRadiation TherapyRadiation therapy isebenzisa imisebe ephezulu yamandla okanye amaqhekeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Idla ngokusetyenziswa emva kotyando ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.Iintlobo zoNyango lweRadiation Unyango lweBeam Radiation yangaphandle (EBRT): Imitha ihanjiswa kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Unyango lweBrachytherapy (Imitha yangaphakathi): Imbewu okanye imithombo ye-radioactive ibekwe ngqo okanye kufuphi nethumba.I-ChemotherapyChemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa umhlaza ophezulu kakhulu okanye xa kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuphindaphinda. Kunyango oluphezulu kunye nophando kweli candelo, cinga ngokuphonononga amagalelo amaziko afana IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa, iziko eliphambili elizinikele kumhlaza unyango inguqulelo entsha.Isetyenziswa nini iChemotherapy? Ngaphambi kotyando (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa ithumba. Emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Kuba metastatic umhlaza wamabele ukulawula ukusasazeka kwesi sifo.Unyango lweHormoneHormone therapy blocks okanye ithoba isixa seehomoni emzimbeni ukunqanda iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuleni. Iyasebenza kwi-hormone receptor-positive (ER+ kunye/okanye PR+) umhlaza wamabele.Iintlobo zeHormone Therapy Tamoxifen: Iibhloko ze-estrogen receptors kwiiseli zomhlaza. I-Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): Amanqanaba asezantsi e-estrogen kubasetyhini abasemva kokuya exesheni. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-anastrozole, i-letrozole, kunye ne-exemestane. Uxinzelelo lwe-ovarian okanye ukukhupha isisu: Imisa ii-ovari ekuveliseni i-estrogen, nokuba kungexeshana ngamayeza okanye ngokusisigxina ngotyando okanye ngemitha.Unyango olujolisiweyo lweTherapyTargeted lisebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokonakalisa iiseli eziqhelekileyo. Isetyenziselwa umhlaza wamabele ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo okanye iprotein overexpression.Imizekelo yoNyango ekuJoliswe kulo UNyango olujoliswe kwi-HER2: I-Trastuzumab (Herceptin), i-pertuzumab (i-Perjeta), i-ado-trastuzumab emtansine (i-Kadcyla), kunye ne-lapatinib (i-Tykerb) isetyenziselwa i-HER2-positive umhlaza wamabele. I-CDK4/6 Inhibitors: I-Palbociclib (Ibrance), ribociclib (Kisqali), kunye ne-abemaciclib (Verzenio) zisetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nonyango lwehomoni ye-hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced. umhlaza wamabele. I-PI3K Inhibitors: I-Alpelisib (i-Piqray) isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa ne-fulvestrant ye-hormone receptor-positive, i-HER2-negative advanced umhlaza wamabele ngePIK3CA mutation.ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. Yinto entsha unyango ukhetho lwezinye iindidi ze umhlaza wamabele.Imizekelo ye-Immunotherapy Drugs I-Pembrolizumab (Keytruda): Ingasetyenziselwa ukuphindaphinda kathathu umhlaza wamabele that is PD-L1 positive.Uvavanyo lweClinical Ulingo lwezonyango luphononongo lophando oluvavanya amatsha unyango okanye iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa ezikhoyo unyango. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kulingo lwezonyango kunokunika izigulane ukufikelela kowona mngcipheko unyango ngaphambi kokuba zifumaneke ngokubanzi. Ulwazi ngolingo lwezonyango lomhlaza wamabele lunokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute kunye neminye imithombo ethembekileyo.Unyango lomhlaza webele kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukulawula ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhathalelo lomhlaza.Iimpembelelo eziPhakamileyo kunye nezicwangciso zoLawulo Ukudinwa: Ukuphumla, ukwenza umthambo omncinci, kunye nokutya okulungileyo. Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha: Amayeza okulwa nesicaphucaphu. Ukulahleka kweenwele: Ukupholisa isikhumba sentloko kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukulahleka kweenwele. Ii-wigs kunye neentloko zentloko zinokunika induduzo kunye nokuzithemba. I-Lymphedema: Unyango lomzimba kunye neengubo zokuxinzelela. Iintlungu: Amayeza eentlungu kunye nolunye unyango.Landela-Up CareAfter unyango lomhlaza webele, ukutyunjwa okulandelwayo rhoqo kubalulekile ukubeka iliso ukuphindaphinda kunye nokulawula nayiphi na imiphumo yecala elide.Isishwankathelo soNyango lweeNkcazo zoNyango lweNkcazelo yoNyango oluSebenzisayo Ukususwa kwe-tumor kunye nezicubu ezinokuthi zijikeleze / i-lymph nodes. Umhlaza webele wenqanaba lokuqala, ukunciphisa ubungakanani bethumba. UNyango lweRadiation Lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Emva kotyando, kulawulo lwendawo. I-Chemotherapy Amachiza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Umhlaza ophambili, umngcipheko omkhulu wokuphindaphinda. IHormone Therapy Blocks okanye ithoba amanqanaba ehomoni. Umhlaza we-Hormone receptor-positive. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo Ujolise kwiimpawu ezithile zeeseli zomhlaza. I-HER2-positive cancers, imihlaza enotshintsho oluthile. Immunotherapy Inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa umhlaza. Iindidi ezithile zomhlaza webele ophezulu. I-DisclaimerUlu lwazi lololwazi ngokubanzi kunye neenjongo zolwazi kuphela, kwaye alubandakanyi iingcebiso zonyango. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiweyo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo yakho okanye unyango. Izicwangciso zonyango kufuneka zenziwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezithile zesigulana kunye neengcebiso zeqela labo lokhathalelo lwempilo. IiReferences National Cancer Institute: https://www.cancer.gov/ Umbutho womhlaza waseMelika: https://www.cancer.org/