unyango iimpawu zomhlaza wezintso

Ukunyangwa koMhlaza wezintso: Ukuqaphela imiqondiso kunye nokufuna ungenelelo kwangethuba unyango iimpawu zomhlaza wezintso. Eli nqaku libonelela ngolwazi oluyimfuneko malunga nokuqaphela iimpawu ezinokuthi zibe khona, ukuqonda iinkqubo zokuxilonga, kunye nokuhlola iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kuphucula kakhulu i-prognosis kunye namathuba onyango oluyimpumelelo.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza Wezintso

Umhlaza wezintso, owaziwa ngokuba yirenal cell carcinoma (RCC), ukhula kwizintso, amalungu anoxanduva lokuhluza inkunkuma egazini. Nangona ezona zizathu zingacacanga, imingcipheko iquka ukutshaya, ukutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nembali yentsapho yomhlaza wezintso. Ukuqonda i unyango iimpawu zomhlaza wezintso ibalulekile ekuxilongeni kwangoko kunye nokungenelela.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu

Ukuqaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo zomhlaza wezintso kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngelixa abanye abantu bengenakufumana zimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala, izikhombisi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Igazi kumchamo (hematuria): Oku kudla ngokuba luphawu oluphambili kwaye kunokuvela njengomchamo opinki, obomvu, okanye onemibala ye-cola.
• Iqhuma okanye ubunzima esiswini okanye ecaleni:
• Iintlungu ezingapheliyo ecaleni okanye ngasemva:
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama:
• Ukudinwa:
• Umkhuhlane:
• I-anemia:

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi mpawu zinokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko, ngoko ke ukufuna unyango lonyango olufanelekileyo kubalulekile. Musa ukuzixilonga; dibana nengcali yezempilo ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi mpawu.

Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wezintso

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela umhlaza wezintso ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho okanye ngexesha lovavanyo lwesiqhelo lomzimba, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuxilonga ukuze baqinisekise ukuxilongwa. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso: Oku kunokubandakanya i-ultrasound, i-CT scan, i-MRI, okanye i-pyelogram ye-intravenous (IVP) ukujonga izintso kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo.
• I-Biopsy: Isampulu encinci yethishu ezintso iyasuswa kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukumisela uhlobo kunye nobungakanani beeseli zomhlaza.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunceda ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nokuchonga iimpawu ezinxulumene nomhlaza wezintso.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza wezintso

I unyango iimpawu zomhlaza wezintso azikho nje malunga nokuqaphela iimpawu, kodwa nokuqonda uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lonyango olukhoyo. Izicwangciso zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba, uhlobo, kunye nebakala lomhlaza, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulana. Iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

Utyando

Utyando luhlala lolona nyango luphambili kumhlaza wezintso. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kubungakanani, indawo, kunye nokusasazeka kwethumba. Ukhetho lubandakanya i-nephrectomy engaphelelanga (ukususwa kwethumba kuphela), i-nephrectomy enkulu (ukususwa kwezintso zonke), kunye nephroureterectomy (ukususwa kwezintso kunye ne-ureter).

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Iziyobisi zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo zijolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokusasazeka. La mayeza anokunceda ukucutha amathumba okanye acothise ukuqhubeka kwawo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-sunitinib, i-sorafenib, kunye ne- pazopanib.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy isebenza ngokusebenzisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango lunokusebenza kumhlaza wezintso ophezulu. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-nivolumab kunye ne-ipilimumab.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lweradiation lusebenzisa imiqadi ene-eneji ephezulu ukujolisa nokubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuthomalalisa iimpawu okanye ukulawula ukusasazeka komhlaza kwizigaba eziphambili.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy ibandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngelixa ingasetyenziswa rhoqo njengonyango lomgca wokuqala kumhlaza wezintso, inokuba lukhetho kwiimeko ezithile.

Ukufuna iingcebiso zobuGcisa kwezoNyango

Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo unyango iimpawu zomhlaza wezintso. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga naziphi na iimpawu ezinokubakho, ukucwangcisa idinga kunye ne-nephrologist okanye i-urologist kucetyiswa kakhulu. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa liziko elikhokelayo elikhethekileyo kunyango oluphambili lomhlaza, kubandakanywa nomhlaza wezintso. Banikezela ngoxilongo olubanzi, izicwangciso zonyango olulolwakho, kunye nobuchwepheshe bezonyango obuphambili. Khumbula, ukungenelela kwangethuba ngundoqo ekulawuleni ngempumelelo umhlaza wezintso.

Ulwazi oluthe vetshe kunye neMithombo

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nomhlaza wezintso kunye nonyango lwayo, jongana nale mithombo ihloniphekileyo: Iziko leSizwe loMhlaza: [Ikhonkco kwiwebhusayithi ye-NCI - buyisela ikhonkco lokwenene kwaye ungeze i-rel = nofollow] Umbutho we-Cancer waseMelika: [Ikhonkco kwiwebhusayithi ye-ACS - buyisela ikhonkco lokwenene kwaye ungeze i-rel = nofollow] Ikliniki yaseMayo: [Ikhonkco kwiwebhusayithi yeMayo Clinic - buyisela ikhonkco lokwenene kwaye ungeze i-rel=nofollow]