unyango amayeza onyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele

Unyango loMhlaza weMiphunga: Amayeza kunye nezibhedlele

Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siyaphonononga unyango amayeza onyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele, enika ulwazi olubalulekileyo kunyango olukhoyo, amaziko onyango aphambili, kunye nenkqubela yamva nje yokhathalelo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Sihlola iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, sichaza ukusebenza kwazo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakhona, kunye nokufaneleka kwezigaba ezahlukeneyo zesi sifo. Sikwaqaqambisa izibhedlele ezaziwayo ezisebenza kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha indawo yonyango echanekileyo yokhathalelo olufanelekileyo.

Ukuqonda iiNdlela zokuNyangwa koMhlaza weMiphunga

Amanyathelo oNyango

Utyando luhlala lusisiseko se unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kwisigaba sokuqala sesifo. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kwindawo yethumba kunye nobukhulu. Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lung lobe), i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga wonke), kunye nokususwa kwe-wedge (ukususwa kwecandelo elincinci lezicubu zemiphunga). Amazinga okuphumelela kotyando ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa impilo yonke yesigulana kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Ukubuyisela emva kokusebenza kubandakanya ixesha lokulaliswa esibhedlele kulandelwa ukubuyisela ukubuyisela amandla kunye nokusebenza kwemiphunga.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza anamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, nokuba uwedwa okanye udityaniswe nolunye unyango olufana nemitha. Amachiza asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo echemotherapy kumhlaza wemiphunga aquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-docetaxel. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokusuka kumbi ukuya kobukhali kwaye zixhomekeke kumachiza athile kunye nedosi. Izigulane kufuneka zixoxe ngemiphumo enokubakho kunye nezicwangciso zokulawula kunye ne-oncologist yazo.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukujolisa kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idibene nolunye unyango. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwemitha zikhona, kubandakanywa unyango lwemitha yangaphandle kunye ne-brachytherapy (imitha yangaphakathi). Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukukhathala, ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, kunye nobunzima bokugwinya, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yonyango. Ukuqina kunye nobude bonyango bulungelelaniswe neemfuno zesigulane ngasinye kunye nesigaba somhlaza.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amayeza enzelwe ukuhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngobungozi obuncinci kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Olu nyango lujolise kutshintsho lwemfuza okanye iiprotheni eziqhuba ukukhula komhlaza. Imizekelo yamachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo asetyenziswa kwi amayeza onyango lomhlaza wemiphunga zibandakanya i-EGFR inhibitors (njenge-gefitinib kunye ne-erlotinib) kunye ne-ALK inhibitors (njenge-crizotinib). Ukusebenza kwonyango olujoliswe kuyo kuxhomekeke kwiinguqu ezithile zofuzo ezikhoyo kwi-tumor.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza onyusa amandla amajoni omzimba okuchonga nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-immunotherapy asetyenziswa kwi unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga zibandakanya i-checkpoint inhibitors njenge-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab. I-Immunotherapy inokukhokelela kuphuculo olubalulekileyo kumazinga okusinda kwezinye izigulana kodwa inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibalulekileyo ezifuna ukubekwa esweni ngononophelo.

Ukukhetha iSibhedlele esiLungileyo kuNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Ukukhethela isibhedlele unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga sisigqibo esibalulekileyo. Qwalasela oothunywashe abanjengamava esi sibhedlele ekunyangeni umhlaza wemiphunga, ukufikelela kwaso kubugcisa obuphambili, ubuchule beqela laso lezonyango (kuquka oogqirha botyando, iingcali zotyando, neengcali zokunyanga ngemitha) nobungqina bomguli. Ukuphanda ngamazinga empumelelo ezibhedlele, iwonga lokuvunywa, kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso yezigulane kubalulekile. Ungaphinda ufune ukujonga kwizibhedlele ezibonelela ngezicwangciso zonyango ezibanzi kuquka nokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa.

Ngelixa eli nqaku lijolise ekuboneleleni ngolwazi olubanzi, kubalulekile ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ukuba uzenzele wena unyango amayeza unyango umhlaza wemiphunga iingcebiso. Elona nyathelo lilungileyo lihlala lixhomekeke kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye kunye nenkqubela phambili yezonyango yamva nje. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nokufikelela kubuchwephesha bezonyango behlabathi, ndwendwela IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.

Ukuthelekiswa koKhetho loNyango

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko ubonisana nengcali yezempilo ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.