unyango iindlela zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga: Isikhokelo seZigulana kunye neeNtsapho Umhlaza womphunga sisifo esimandundu, kodwa inkqubela phambili unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ziye zaphucuka kakhulu iziphumo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga ezahlukeneyo unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga efumaneka kwizibhedlele eziphambili, ukunceda izigulana kunye neentsapho zazo ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza Wemiphunga kunye nezigaba zawo

Ngaphambi kokuba nixoxe unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga, kubalulekile ukuqonda amanqanaba ahlukeneyo omhlaza wemiphunga. Ukulinganisa kunceda ukumisela ubungakanani bomhlaza kunye nezikhokelo zonyango. Umhlaza wemiphunga wesigaba sakwangoko udla ngokuphendula kakuhle kunyango lwendawo, ngelixa umhlaza wenqanaba eliphezulu unokufuna indlela eneendlela ezininzi. Amanqanaba adla ngokumiselwa ngeemvavanyo ze-imaging (CT scans, PET scans), i-biopsies, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-bronchoscopy.

Ulungelelwaniso lweStaging kunye noNyango

Inqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga lichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo okucetyiswayo unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Umhlaza okwinqanaba lakwangoko unokunyangwa ngotyando, ngonyango ngemitha, okanye zidityaniswe zombini. Umhlaza wenqanaba eliphezulu uhlala ufuna ichemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, okanye indibaniselwano yezi ndlela.

IiNdlela eziPhambili zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Abaliqela unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga ziyafumaneka, kwaye eyona ndlela ilungileyo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nezinto azikhethayo.

Utyando

Ukususwa ngotyando kwiithishu zemiphunga ezinomhlaza kuyinto eqhelekileyo unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga kumhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala. Oku kunokususela ekususeni indawo encinci yomphunga (wedge resection) ukuya ekususeni i-lobe yonke (lobectomy) okanye nomphunga wonke (pneumonectomy). Ubuchwephesha obuncinci busetyenziswa rhoqo ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zesigulane. Ukuphumelela kotyando kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba lomhlaza ngexesha lokuxilongwa kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha isebenzisa imitha ephezulu yamandla ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, apho kunikezelwa ngemitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. I-Brachytherapy ibandakanya ukubeka imithombo ye-radioactive ngqo okanye kufuphi nethumba. Unyango lwemitha lunokusetyenziselwa ukucutha amathumba phambi kotyando, ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando, okanye njengonyango oluphambili kwizigulana ezingabagqatswa botyando.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ihlala isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye njengonyango lwe-adjuvant emva kotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda. I-Chemotherapy inokuba nemiphumo ebalulekileyo, elawulwa ngononophelo ngabasebenzi bezempilo.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lusebenzisa iziyobisi ukujolisa iimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza. Olu nyango luhlala lusebenza ngakumbi kwaye luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunechemotherapy yesintu. Ukusebenza kwonyango olujoliswe kuyo kuxhomekeke kwiinguqu ezithile zofuzo ezikhoyo kwi-tumor.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy inceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa iiseli zomhlaza. Luhlobo olutsha lonyango olubonise isithembiso esibalulekileyo ekunyangeni umhlaza wemiphunga. I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziswa njengonyango lokuqala kwezinye izigulana okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango.

Olunye Unyango

Olunye unyango lubandakanya ukhathalelo oluxhasayo (ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi), ukhathalelo lwe-palliative (ukugxila kwintuthuzelo kunye nomgangatho wobomi), kunye nezilingo zeklinikhi (ezinikezela ukufikelela kunyango lophando).

Ukukhetha iZiko loNyango eliLungileyo

Ukukhetha isibhedlele esihloniphekileyo kunye neengcali ze-oncologists kunye nenkqubo yonyango ebanzi kubalulekile. Indlela yeqela lezinto ezininzi, ebandakanya i-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, i-radiologists, kunye nezinye iingcali, iqinisekisa ukhathalelo olungcono kunye nezicwangciso zonyango lomntu. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa liziko eliphambili kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, libonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lonyango oluphambili kunye neenkonzo ezixhasayo.

Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo

Izigqibo malunga unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga kufuneka kwenziwe ngokubonisana ne-oncologist. Baya kuthathela ingqalelo iimeko ezithile zomntu kunye nezinto azikhethayo, kunye nobungqina besayensi bamva nje, ukucebisa isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo. Kubalulekile ukubuza imibuzo, ukuvakalisa iinkxalabo, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo ekuthathweni kwezigqibo. Amaqela enkxaso kunye nabameli besigulane banokuba yimithombo exabisekileyo ngeli xesha linzima.

Uhlobo loNyango	Iingenelo	Iingxaki
Utyando	Okunokuthi kunyangelwe umhlaza wenqanaba lokuqala	Ayifanelekanga kuzo zonke izigulane; inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibalulekileyo
Unyango ngemitha	Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye ngokudibeneyo; unyango lwendawo	Imiphumo emibi efana nokucaphuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala
Unyango ngamachiza	Isebenza kumhlaza wenqanaba eliphezulu; unyango lwenkqubo	Iziphumo zecala ezibalulekileyo; inokuchaphazela iiseli ezisempilweni

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango. Iziphumo zomntu ngamnye zinokwahluka.