unyango umhlaza wemiphunga

Ukuqonda kunye nokuNyanga uMhlaza weMiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga sisifo esiyingozi, kodwa inkqubela phambili unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ziye zaphucuka kakhulu iziphumo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga imiba eyahlukeneyo yomhlaza wemiphunga, ukusuka ekuxilongweni kunye nasesiteji ukuya kwiinketho zonyango kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, sixoxe ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye siqaqambise ukubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nophando oluqhubekayo. Olu lwazi lulwazi ngokubanzi kwaye akufanele luthathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufumane isikhokelo somntu malunga nempilo yakho kunye unyango umhlaza wemiphunga.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza weLung

Iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga wahlulahlulwe ngokubanzi ngokweendidi ezimbini eziphambili: umhlaza wemiphunga omncinci weseli (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongewona mncinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC ichaza uninzi lwezehlo zomhlaza wemiphunga kwaye yahlulwe ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezincinci, kubandakanya i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kunye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu. Uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga lunempembelelo enkulu kwindlela efanelekileyo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga.

Amanqanaba oMhlaza weMiphunga

Iqonga limisela ubungakanani bokunwenwa komhlaza. Iinkqubo zesiteji, ezifana nenkqubo ye-TNM, ihlela umhlaza wemiphunga ngokusekelwe kubukhulu be-tumor (T), ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node (N), kunye ne-metastasis ekude (M). Iqonga elichanekileyo libalulekile ekumiseleni okufanelekileyo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga iqhinga.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Utyando

Utyando luhlala lolona khetho lokuqala lonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lakwangoko. Oku kunokubandakanya ukususa ithumba kunye nenxalenye yezicubu zemiphunga ezingqongileyo. Ubuchwephesha obuncinci botyando busetyenziswa rhoqo ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela. Inkqubo ethile yotyando iya kuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda, okanye njengeyona nto iphambili. unyango umhlaza wemiphunga kwizigaba eziphambili. Iirejimeni ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy zikhona, ezilungiselelwe imeko yomntu ngamnye.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yemitha ephezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-tumor yokuqala, kunye ne-lymph nodes zengingqi okanye i-metastases ekude. Unyango lwemitha yangaphandle lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhambisa imitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Ezinye iintlobo ziquka i-brachytherapy (ukufaka izinto ezinomsakazo ngqo kwi-tumor).

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Olu nyango luhlala lusebenza ngakumbi kune-chemotherapy kwaye luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kwezinye izigulana. Ukhetho lonyango olujoliswe kuyo luxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithile zofuzo ezikhoyo kwiiseli zethumba.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokonyusa amandla amajoni omzimba okuqaphela nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. I-Immunotherapy inokusebenza ngokumangalisayo kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga, nakwizigaba eziphambili. Uphando luyaqhubeka nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-immunotherapy kwi unyango umhlaza wemiphunga.

Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso

Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo lujolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi besigulana kulo lonke ixesha unyango umhlaza wemiphunga uhambo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulawulwa kweentlungu, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango. Ukhathalelo lwePalliative luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhathalelo oluxhasayo, lujolise ekupheliseni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwizigulana ezinesifo esihamba phambili.

Iinketho zonyango oluPhezulu kunye noPhando

Uphando oluqhubekayo luqhubela phambili unyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Amachiza amatsha ahlala ephuhliswa, anika ithemba kwiziphumo eziphuculweyo. Ezi ziquka unyango olujoliswe kuyo inoveli, i-immunotherapies ephezulu, kunye nendibaniselwano yonyango. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nonyango oluphucukileyo, nceda uqhagamshelane ne-oncologist yakho okanye ufune ulwazi kumaziko ophando omhlaza athembekileyo afana nala Iziko lomhlaza leSizwe.

Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye noThintelo

Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele unyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, ngakumbi kubantu abasemngciphekweni ophezulu (abatshayayo, abo banembali yosapho lomhlaza wemiphunga), kunokuphucula kakhulu amazinga okuphila. Ukutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila njengokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokuphepha ukuvezwa kwi-carcinogens kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo eqeqeshiweyo ukuze uxilongwe kwaye unyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nonyango lomhlaza, nceda undwendwele i-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ku https://www.baofahospital.com/