unyango umhlaza pancreatic unobangela

Ukuqonda oonobangela kunye noNyango lwePancreatic Cancer

Umhlaza wePancreatic sisifo esintsonkothileyo nesinobundlongondlongo esinezinga eliphezulu lokufa. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwayo kunye nokufumanekayo unyango umhlaza pancreatic unobangela iinketho. Siza kuphonononga izinto ezinobungozi, iindlela zokuxilonga, kunye neendlela zonyango, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nokhathalelo lomntu.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza wePancreatic: Ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo

Yintoni uMhlaza wePancreatic?

Umhlaza wePancreatic uvela kwi-pancreas, idlala elisemva kwesisu elidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekucoleni nasekulawuleni iswekile yegazi. Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo yi-pancreatic adenocarcinoma, ebalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-90% yamatyala. Ezinye, iintlobo ezinqabileyo zikhona, kubandakanya i-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) kunye ne-pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile kubalulekile ekumiseleni okufanelekileyo unyango umhlaza pancreatic unobangela iqhinga.

Imiba yoMngcipheko kuMhlaza wePancreatic

Izinto ezininzi zonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wepancreatic. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda ngokukhula, kwaye uninzi loxilongo lwenzeka emva kweminyaka engama-65.
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya ngunobangela omkhulu wengozi, kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba sesi sifo.
• Imbali yoSapho: Imbali yosapho yomhlaza wepancreatic yonyusa umngcipheko kakhulu.
• Isifo seswekile: Abantu abanesifo seswekile, ngakumbi uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ixesha elide, banomngcipheko omkhulu.
• I-Pancreatitis engapheliyo: Ukuvuvukala kwexesha elide le-pancreas kunokunyusa umngcipheko.
• Ukutyeba: Ukutyeba kakhulu kuye kwadityaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza wepancreatic.
• Ugqatso: Amaqela athile obuhlanga, njengama-Afrika aseMelika, anezinga eliphezulu lezehlo.

I-Genetic Component yoMhlaza wePancreatic

I-genetic predisposition idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezinye iimeko. Ukuguqulwa kofuzo oluthile, olufana nolwe-BRCA1, i-BRCA2, kunye nabanye, ludibaniswa nomngcipheko wokukhula komhlaza we-pancreatic. Uvavanyo lwemfuzo lunokunceda ekuchongeni abantu abasemngciphekweni ophezulu, ukuvumela uhlolo olusebenzayo kunye namanyathelo othintelo.

Ukuxilongwa kunye neSimo soMhlaza wePancreatic

Iindlela zokuxilonga

Ukuxilonga umhlaza wepancreatic kudla ngokubandakanya indibaniselwano yovavanyo, kubandakanywa novavanyo lwegazi (ukulinganisa iimpawu zethumba ezifana ne-CA 19-9), ubuchule bokucinga (i-CT scans, i-MRI, i-endoscopic ultrasound), kunye ne-biopsies. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kubalulekile, njengoko umhlaza we-pancreatic okwinqanaba lakwangoko uhlala ubonisa iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo okanye ezingacacanga.

Umhlaza wePancreatic wenqanaba

Nje ukuba ufunyaniswe, umhlaza we-pancreatic umiselwe ukujonga ubungakanani bokusasazeka kwawo. Ukulinganisa kusebenzisa inkqubo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-TNM staging) eqwalasela ubungakanani bethumba, ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kunye ne-metastasis (ukusasazeka kumalungu akude). Iqonga linempembelelo enkulu unyango umhlaza pancreatic unobangela ukucwangcisa kunye ne-prognosis.

Iinketho zonyango kuMhlaza wePancreatic

IiNdlela zoTyando

Utyando, olufana nenkqubo ye-Whipple okanye i-distal pancreatectomy, lolona khetho luphambili lonyango lomhlaza wepancreatic owenziweyo. Ukuphumelela kotyando kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka inqanaba lomhlaza kunye nempilo yonke yomguli. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa inika iindlela zotyando eziphambili zomhlaza wepancreatic.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ihlala isetyenziswa phambi kwe (neoadjuvant) okanye emva kotyando (i-adjuvant), kunye nomhlaza wepancreatic we-metastatic. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zechemotherapy regimens ziyafumaneka, kwaye ukhetho luxhomekeke kwimeko ethile yomntu. Unyango olutsha ekujoliswe kulo luyaphuhliswa ukuhlasela iiseli zomhlaza ngokukhetha ngakumbi.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yemitha ephezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nechemotherapy, ngakumbi kumhlaza wepancreatic oqhubela phambili okanye ongakhuselekanga. Unyango lwemitha lunokunceda ukunciphisa amathumba kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.

Olunye Unyango

Olunye ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza we-pancreatic lubandakanya unyango olujoliswe kuyo (iziyobisi ezijolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza), i-immunotherapy (ukuvuselela amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza), kunye nokunyamekela (okujoliswe ekulawuleni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi).

Uphando kunye nekamva loNyango lomhlaza wePancreatic

Iinzame zophando ziyaqhubeka ukuphucula ukuqonda kwethu umhlaza wepancreatic kunye nokuphuhlisa unyango olusebenzayo ngakumbi. Oku kuquka uphando kwiinoveli zonyango, izixhobo zokuxilonga eziphuculweyo, kunye neendlela zokwenza amayeza omntu. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa uthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kule ndawo ibalulekileyo, inegalelo kwinkqubela phambili yokhathalelo lomhlaza wepancreatic.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukujonga ngempumelelo imiceli mngeni yomhlaza wepancreatic kufuna indlela ebanzi, ebandakanya i-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba, amacebo onyango lobuqu, kunye nophando oluqhubekayo lunika ithemba leziphumo eziphuculweyo kumlo ochasene nesi sifo singumngeni. Ukuqonda ezahlukeneyo unyango umhlaza pancreatic unobangela iinketho kunye neziphumo zazo zibalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizisiweyo kunye nokuzuza ezona ziphumo zihle zinokwenzeka.